E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Diuretic resistant heart failure |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Heart failure that has not responded to loop diuretic therapy |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Cardiovascular Diseases [C14] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 20.0 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10010684 |
E.1.2 | Term | Congestive heart failure |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004849 |
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E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 20.0 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10066159 |
E.1.2 | Term | Decompensated heart failure |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004849 |
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E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 20.0 |
E.1.2 | Level | LLT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10019279 |
E.1.2 | Term | Heart failure |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 100000004849 |
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E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 20.0 |
E.1.2 | Level | PT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10053073 |
E.1.2 | Term | Diuretic therapy |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 10042613 - Surgical and medical procedures |
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E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
To assess the diuretic effect of dapagliflozin compared to metolazone, as assessed by mean change in weight, in hospitalised heart failure patients with diuretic resistance, type 2 diabetes or prediabetes and renal impairment. |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
To assess the effect of dapagliflozin compared to metolazone on congestion (as assessed by lung ultrasound), loop diuretic efficiency (defined as weight loss in kilograms divided by furosemide equivalents in milligrams), laboratory tests (heart and kidney), heart failure symptoms, length of hospital stay, hospital readmissions and mortality. |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
• Male or female ≥18 years of age
• Informed consent
• Primary reason for admission to hospital is worsening HF meeting the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) definition
• Diuretic Resistance as defined as lack of weight loss (decrease <1kg) or absence of a negative fluid balance (decrease <1 litre) despite treatment with high dose IV loop diuretic (equivalent of ≥160 mg IV furosemide) over the preceding 24 hours
• Type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetes (prediabetes defined as HbA1c 39-47 mmol/mol)
• eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 at the time of randomisation
• Ongoing clinical evidence of congestion: pitting peripheral oedema and/or ascites and/or elevated jugular venous pressure, and/or radiographic or ultrasonic evidence of pulmonary congestion
• Expected hospital length of stay >3 days |
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
• Inability to give informed consent e.g. due to significant cognitive impairment
• Intravascular volume depletion based on investigator’s clinical assessment
• eGFR <20 mL/min/1.73 m2
• Alternative explanation for worsening renal function such as obstructive nephropathy, contrast induced nephropathy, or acute tubular necrosis
• Enrolment in another randomized clinical trial involving medical or device-based interventions (co-enrolment in observational studies is permitted)
• Women of child-bearing potential
• History of allergy to SGLT2i or thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics or any of the excipients
• Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) or severe stenotic valvular disease
• SGLT2i, thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics administration in the previous 48 hours prior to randomisation
• Active genital tract infections
• Anyone who, in the investigators’ opinion, is not suitable to participate in the trial for other reasons |
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
Diuretic effect, as assessed by mean change in weight, from randomisation to 48, 72 and 96 hours. |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
• Change in congestion, assessed using lung ultrasound, from randomisation to 48, 72 and 96 hours • Loop diuretic efficiency assessed at 48, 72 and 96 hours. Loop diuretic efficiency will be defined as weight loss in kilograms divided by furosemide equivalents in milligrams.
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | Yes |
E.6.4 | Safety | No |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | Yes |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes |
E.8.1.2 | Open | Yes |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | No |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Yes |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | Yes |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | No |
E.8.2.3 | Other | No |
E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| No |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | Yes |
E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 5 |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | No |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | No |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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End of trial is defined as the point at which the trial database is locked.
Trial closedown begins if: • Planned sample size achieved, and the last patient has completed their final study visit • Insufficient funding to support further recruitment, and no prospect of additional support being obtained • New information makes it inappropriate to continue to randomise patients to either arm of the trial • Recruitment is so poor that completion of trial cannot reasonably be anticipated |
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 2 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 0 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 0 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 1 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 2 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 3 |