Flag of the European Union EU Clinical Trials Register Help

Clinical trials

The European Union Clinical Trials Register   allows you to search for protocol and results information on:
  • interventional clinical trials that were approved in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) under the Clinical Trials Directive 2001/20/EC
  • clinical trials conducted outside the EU/EEA that are linked to European paediatric-medicine development

  • EU/EEA interventional clinical trials approved under or transitioned to the Clinical Trial Regulation 536/2014 are publicly accessible through the
    Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS).


    The EU Clinical Trials Register currently displays   43865   clinical trials with a EudraCT protocol, of which   7286   are clinical trials conducted with subjects less than 18 years old.   The register also displays information on   18700   older paediatric trials (in scope of Article 45 of the Paediatric Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006).

    Phase 1 trials conducted solely on adults and that are not part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP) are not publicly available (see Frequently Asked Questions ).  
     
    Examples: Cancer AND drug name. Pneumonia AND sponsor name.
    How to search [pdf]
    Search Tips: Under advanced search you can use filters for Country, Age Group, Gender, Trial Phase, Trial Status, Date Range, Rare Diseases and Orphan Designation. For these items you should use the filters and not add them to your search terms in the text field.
    Advanced Search: Search tools
     

    < Back to search results

    Print Download

    Summary
    EudraCT Number:2020-005609-20
    Sponsor's Protocol Code Number:MK3475-B68
    National Competent Authority:Czechia - SUKL
    Clinical Trial Type:EEA CTA
    Trial Status:Ongoing
    Date on which this record was first entered in the EudraCT database:2021-03-19
    Trial results
    Index
    A. PROTOCOL INFORMATION
    B. SPONSOR INFORMATION
    C. APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION
    D. IMP IDENTIFICATION
    D.8 INFORMATION ON PLACEBO
    E. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRIAL
    F. POPULATION OF TRIAL SUBJECTS
    G. INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS TO BE INVOLVED IN THE TRIAL
    N. REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY OR ETHICS COMMITTEE IN THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
    P. END OF TRIAL
    Expand All   Collapse All
    A. Protocol Information
    A.1Member State ConcernedCzechia - SUKL
    A.2EudraCT number2020-005609-20
    A.3Full title of the trial
    A Phase 2 Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) every 6 weeks (Q6W) in
    Participants with Relapsed or Refractory Classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (rrcHL) or Relapsed or Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma (rrPMBCL)
    Klinické hodnocení fáze 2 s přípravkem pembrolizumab (MK-3475) podávaným jednou za 6 týdnů pacientům s relabujícím nebo refrakterním klasickým Hodgkinovým lymfomem (rrcHL) a relabujícím nebo refrakterním primárním mediastinálním velkobuněčným B-lymfomem (rrPMBCL)
    A.3.1Title of the trial for lay people, in easily understood, i.e. non-technical, language
    Study of Pembroliumab Given Every Six Weeks to Participants with rrcHL or rrPMBCL
    Klinické hodnocení fáze 2 zkoumající léčbu rrcHL nebo rrPMBCL přípravkem MK-3475 podávaným jednou za 6 týdnů
    A.4.1Sponsor's protocol code numberMK3475-B68
    A.5.4Other Identifiers
    Name:INDNumber:118604
    A.7Trial is part of a Paediatric Investigation Plan No
    A.8EMA Decision number of Paediatric Investigation Plan
    B. Sponsor Information
    B.Sponsor: 1
    B.1.1Name of SponsorMerck Sharp & Dohme LLC
    B.1.3.4CountryUnited States
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorCommercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportMerck Sharp & Dohme LLC
    B.4.2CountryCzechia
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationMerck Sharp & Dohme LLC
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointKatherine Ryland
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street Address126 East Lincoln Avenue P.O. Box 2000
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityRahway, NJ
    B.5.3.3Post code07065
    B.5.3.4CountryUnited States
    B.5.4Telephone number0019087406716
    B.5.6E-mailkatherine.ryland@merck.com
    D. IMP Identification
    D.IMP: 1
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name KEYTRUDA® (Pembrolizumab, MK-3475)
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderMerck Sharp & Dohme B.V.
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationEuropean Union
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.2Product code MK-3475
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Solution for infusion
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPIntravenous use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNPembrolizumab
    D.3.9.1CAS number 1374853-91-4
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeMK-3475
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB167136
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg/ml milligram(s)/millilitre
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number25
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin No
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) Yes
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) Yes
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product Yes
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.8 Information on Placebo
    E. General Information on the Trial
    E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.1Medical condition(s) being investigated
    Relapsed or refractory Classical Hodgkins Lymphoma and relapsed or refractory Primary Large B-cell Lymphoma
    E.1.1.1Medical condition in easily understood language
    Relapsed or refractory Classical Hodgkins Lymphoma and relapsed or refractory Primary Large B-cell
    E.1.1.2Therapeutic area Diseases [C] - Cancer [C04]
    MedDRA Classification
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10080208
    E.1.2Term Classical Hodgkin lymphoma
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10029104 - Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.0
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012822
    E.1.2Term Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma refractory
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10029104 - Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 21.0
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10012821
    E.1.2Term Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma recurrent
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10029104 - Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    E.1.3Condition being studied is a rare disease No
    E.2 Objective of the trial
    E.2.1Main objective of the trial
    1. To evaluate objective response rate (ORR), by cohort, relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (rrcHL) and relapsed or refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (rrPMBCL), as assessed by the investigator according to Lugano classification criteria [Cheson, B. D., et al 2014] in individuals treated with pembrolizumab every 6 weeks (Q6W).
    E.2.2Secondary objectives of the trial
    1. To evaluate objective response rate (ORR), by cohort, rrcHL and rrPMBCL, as assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR) according to Lugano classification criteria [Cheson, B. D., et al 2014] in individuals treated with pembrolizumab Q6W.
    2. To evaluate duration of response (DOR), by cohort, rrcHL and rrPMBCL, as assessed by the investigator according to Lugano classification criteria [Cheson, B. D., et al 2014] in individuals treated with pembrolizumab Q6W.
    3. To evaluate duration of response (DOR), by cohort, rrcHL and rrPMBCL, as assessed by BICR according to Lugano classification criteria [Cheson, B. D., et al 2014] in individuals treated with pembrolizumab Q6W.
    4. To evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, immunogenicity of pembrolizumab 400 mg Q6W.
    5. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of pembrolizumab Q6W.
    E.2.3Trial contains a sub-study No
    E.3Principal inclusion criteria
    1. Male/female participants who are at least 18 years of age on the day of signing informed consent.
    2. Have a histologically confirmed diagnosis of cHL or PMBCL, according to the WHO classification of neoplasms of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues [Swerdlow, S. H., et al 2008].
    3. Have radiographically measurable cHL or PMBCL disease as per Lugano classification with at least 1 nodal lesion (which has not been previously radiated) that is >15 mm in long axis, regardless of the length of the short axis, and/or extranodal lesion of >10 mm in long and short axis.
    4. Have relapsed or refractory PMBCL and:
    Have relapsed after auto-SCT or have failed to achieve a CR or PR within 60 days of auto-SCT. Participants may have received intervening therapy after auto-SCT for relapsed or refractory disease, in which case they must have relapsed after or be refractory to their last treatment.
    OR
    For participants who are ineligible for auto-SCT, have received at least ≥2 lines of prior therapy and have failed to respond to or relapsed after their last line of treatment. At least 1 of the prior lines of therapy must contain a rituximab-based regimen. For participants who received consolidative local radiotherapy after systemic therapy, local radiotherapy will not be considered as a separate line of
    treatment.
    5. Have relapsed or refractory cHL and:
    Have relapsed during their last cHL regimen after receiving at least 2 cycles of therapy or within 12 months after completing the last regimen for cHL.
    OR
    Have received at least ≥1 line of prior multiagent therapy with/without brentuximab vedotin (excluding radiation) or auto-SCT for cHL and have failed to respond to or relapsed after their last line of treatment.
    6. A female participant is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant or breastfeeding, and at least one of the following conditions applies:
    Is not a WOCBP
    OR
    Is a WOCBP and using a contraceptive method that is highly effective (with a failure rate of <1% per year), or be abstinent from heterosexual intercourse as their preferred and usual lifestyle (abstinent on a long-term and persistent basis), as described in Appendix 5 of the protocol during the intervention period and for at least 120 days after the last dose of study intervention. The investigator should evaluate the potential for contraceptive method failure (ie, noncompliance, recently initiated) in relationship to the first dose of study intervention.
    A WOCBP must have a negative highly sensitive pregnancy test (urine or serum, as required by local regulations) within 24 hours for urine or within 72 hours for serum before the first dose of study intervention.
    If a urine test cannot be confirmed as negative (eg, an ambiguous result), a serum pregnancy test is required. In such cases, the participant must be excluded from participation if the serum pregnancy result is positive.
    Abstains from breastfeeding during the study intervention period and for at least 120
    days after study intervention.
    Additional requirements for pregnancy testing during and after study intervention are located in the protocol
    The investigator is responsible for review of medical history, menstrual history, and recent sexual activity to decrease the risk for inclusion of a woman with an early undetected pregnancy.
    Contraceptive use by women should be consistent with local regulations regarding the methods of contraception for those participating in clinical studies.
    7. The participant (or legally acceptable representative) has provided documented informed consent/assent for the study. The participant may also provide consent/assent for FBR.
    However, the participant may participate in the study without participating in FBR.
    8. Submit an evaluable core lymph node biopsy for biomarker analysis from an archival (>60 days) or newly obtained core or incisional (within 30 days) biopsy, which was not previously irradiated at Screening (Visit 1).
    9. Have an ECOG Performance Status of 0 to 1 assessed within 7 days before allocation.
    10. Life expectancy >3 months.
    11. Have blood oxygen saturation >92%.
    12. Have adequate organ function as defined in the protocol. Specimens must be collected within 7 days before the start of study intervention.
    E.4Principal exclusion criteria
    1. Has undergone solid organ transplant at any time, or prior allogeneic hematopoietic SCT within the last 5 years. Participants who have had allogeneic hematopoietic SCT >5 years ago are eligible as long as there are no symptoms of GVHD.
    2. Has clinically significant (ie, active) cardiovascular disease: cerebral vascular accident/stroke (<6 months prior to enrollment), myocardial infarction (<6 months prior to enrollment), unstable angina, congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association Classification Class ≥II), or serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication.
    3. Has pericardial effusion or clinically significant pleural effusion.
    4. Has a history of a second malignancy, unless potentially curative treatment has been completed with no evidence of malignancy for 2 years.
    5. Is receiving systemic steroid therapy (in dosing exceeding 10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent) <3 days prior to the first dose of study intervention.
    6. Has received prior monoclonal antibody within 4 weeks prior to first dose of study intervention or has not recovered (ie, ≤Grade 1 or at baseline) from AEs due to agents administered more than 4 weeks earlier.
    7. Has received prior therapy with an anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 agent or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or coinhibitory T-cell receptor (eg, CTLA-4, OX-40, CD137).
    8. Has received prior CAR-T therapy.
    9. Has received prior systemic anticancer therapy, or radiotherapy, including investigational agents within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study intervention.
    10. Has received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of start of study intervention or have had
    a history of radiation pneumonitis.
    11. Has received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days before the first dose of study drug.
    12. Is currently participating in or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 4 weeks before the first dose of study intervention.
    13. Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy (in dosing exceeding 10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior the first dose of study medication.
    14. Has known active CNS lymphoma involvement or active CNS involvement by lymphoma. Participants with prior CNS involvement are eligible if their CNS disease is in radiographic, cytological (for cerebrospinal fluid disease) and clinical remission.
    15. Has severe hypersensitivity (≥Grade 3) to pembrolizumab and/or any of its excipients.
    16. Has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in past 2 years (ie, with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs).
    Replacement therapy (eg, thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency) is not considered a form of systemic treatment and is allowed.
    17. Has a history of (noninfectious) pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease that required steroids or has current pneumonitis/interstitial lung disease.
    18. Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy.
    19. Has a known history of HIV infection. No HIV testing is required unless mandated by local health authority.
    20. Has a known history of Hepatitis B (defined as HBsAg reactive) or known active Hepatitis C virus (defined as HCV RNA [qualitative] is detected) infection.
    21. Has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality that might confound the results of the study, interfere with the participant's participation for the full duration of the study, or is not in the best interest of the participant to participate, in the opinion of the treating investigator.
    22. Has a known psychiatric or substance abuse disorder that would interfere with the participant’s ability to cooperate with the requirements of the study.
    E.5 End points
    E.5.1Primary end point(s)
    1. Objective Response Rate (ORR) per Lugano Classification as Assessed by Investigator
    E.5.1.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    1. Up to approximately 40 months
    E.5.2Secondary end point(s)
    1. ORR per Lugano Classification as Assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR)
    2. Duration of Response (DOR) per Lugano Classification as Assessed by Investigator
    3. DOR per Lugano Classification as Assessed by BICR
    4. Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Pembrolizumab
    5. Maximum Serum Concentration (Cmax) of Pembrolizumab
    6. Minimum Serum Concentration (Cmin) of Pembrolizumab
    7. Antidrug Antibody Levels for Pembrolizumab
    8. Number of Participants Who Experienced an Adverse Events (AEs)
    9. Number of Participants Who Discontinued Study Treatment Due to an AE
    E.5.2.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    1. Up to appr. 40 months
    2. Up to appr. 40 months
    3. Up to appr. 40 months
    4. Predose 0-4 hours on Cycle 1, Day 1 (C1D1), C2D1, C4D1, C5D1, C7D1, C9D1, C13D1 & C17D1 & end of infusion on C1D1 & C4D1, & anytime on C1D22 & C4D22 (cycle length=6 weeks)
    5. Predose 0-4 hours on C1D1, C2D1, C4D1, C5D1, C7D1, C9D1, C13D1 & C17D1 & end of infusion on C1D1 & C4D1, & anytime on C1D22 & C4D22 (cycle length=6 weeks)
    6. Predose 0-4 hours on C1D1, C2D1, C4D1, C5D1, C7D1, C9D1, C13D1 & C17D1 & end of infusion on C1D1 & C4D1, & anytime on C1D22 & C4D22 (cycle length=6 weeks)
    7. Predose 0-4 hours on C1D1, C2D1, C4D1, C5D1, C7D1, C9D1, C13D1 & C17D1 & end of infusion on C1D1 & C4D1, & anytime on C1D22 & C4D22 (cycle length=6 weeks)
    8. Up to appr. 30 months
    9. Up to appr. 27 months
    E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial
    E.6Scope of the trial
    E.6.1Diagnosis Yes
    E.6.2Prophylaxis No
    E.6.3Therapy Yes
    E.6.4Safety Yes
    E.6.5Efficacy Yes
    E.6.6Pharmacokinetic Yes
    E.6.7Pharmacodynamic Yes
    E.6.8Bioequivalence No
    E.6.9Dose response No
    E.6.10Pharmacogenetic No
    E.6.11Pharmacogenomic No
    E.6.12Pharmacoeconomic No
    E.6.13Others No
    E.7Trial type and phase
    E.7.1Human pharmacology (Phase I) No
    E.7.1.1First administration to humans No
    E.7.1.2Bioequivalence study No
    E.7.1.3Other No
    E.7.1.3.1Other trial type description
    E.7.2Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) Yes
    E.7.3Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) No
    E.7.4Therapeutic use (Phase IV) No
    E.8 Design of the trial
    E.8.1Controlled No
    E.8.1.1Randomised No
    E.8.1.2Open Yes
    E.8.1.3Single blind No
    E.8.1.4Double blind No
    E.8.1.5Parallel group No
    E.8.1.6Cross over No
    E.8.1.7Other No
    E.8.2 Comparator of controlled trial
    E.8.2.1Other medicinal product(s) No
    E.8.2.2Placebo No
    E.8.2.3Other No
    E.8.2.4Number of treatment arms in the trial1
    E.8.3 The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned No
    E.8.4 The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned Yes
    E.8.4.1Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned3
    E.8.5The trial involves multiple Member States Yes
    E.8.5.1Number of sites anticipated in the EEA30
    E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA
    E.8.6.1Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA Yes
    E.8.6.2Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA No
    E.8.6.3If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned
    Colombia
    New Zealand
    Switzerland
    Ukraine
    Australia
    Brazil
    Canada
    Czechia
    France
    Italy
    Poland
    Romania
    Russian Federation
    South Africa
    Turkey
    United States
    E.8.7Trial has a data monitoring committee No
    E.8.8 Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
    The overall study ends when the last participant completes the last study-related contact, withdraws consent, or is lost to follow-up. For purposes of analysis and reporting, the overall study ends when the Sponsor receives the last laboratory result or at the time of final contact with the last participant, whichever comes last.
    E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned years6
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned months0
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned days0
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial years6
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial months0
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial days0
    F. Population of Trial Subjects
    F.1 Age Range
    F.1.1Trial has subjects under 18 No
    F.1.1.1In Utero No
    F.1.1.2Preterm newborn infants (up to gestational age < 37 weeks) No
    F.1.1.3Newborns (0-27 days) No
    F.1.1.4Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) No
    F.1.1.5Children (2-11years) No
    F.1.1.6Adolescents (12-17 years) No
    F.1.2Adults (18-64 years) Yes
    F.1.2.1Number of subjects for this age range: 40
    F.1.3Elderly (>=65 years) Yes
    F.1.3.1Number of subjects for this age range: 20
    F.2 Gender
    F.2.1Female Yes
    F.2.2Male Yes
    F.3 Group of trial subjects
    F.3.1Healthy volunteers No
    F.3.2Patients Yes
    F.3.3Specific vulnerable populations Yes
    F.3.3.1Women of childbearing potential not using contraception No
    F.3.3.2Women of child-bearing potential using contraception Yes
    F.3.3.3Pregnant women No
    F.3.3.4Nursing women No
    F.3.3.5Emergency situation No
    F.3.3.6Subjects incapable of giving consent personally No
    F.3.3.7Others No
    F.4 Planned number of subjects to be included
    F.4.1In the member state6
    F.4.2 For a multinational trial
    F.4.2.1In the EEA 40
    F.4.2.2In the whole clinical trial 60
    F.5 Plans for treatment or care after the subject has ended the participation in the trial (if it is different from the expected normal treatment of that condition)
    None
    G. Investigator Networks to be involved in the Trial
    N. Review by the Competent Authority or Ethics Committee in the country concerned
    N.Competent Authority Decision Authorised
    N.Date of Competent Authority Decision2021-05-19
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion of the trial applicationFavourable
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion: Reason(s) for unfavourable opinion
    N.Date of Ethics Committee Opinion2021-05-12
    P. End of Trial
    P.End of Trial StatusOngoing
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

    European Medicines Agency © 1995-Mon Apr 29 23:38:10 CEST 2024 | Domenico Scarlattilaan 6, 1083 HS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    EMA HMA