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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase IV, Multicenter, Single-Arm, Open-Label Study of Emicizumab Prophylaxis in Patients with Hemophilia A With or Without Inhibitors Undergoing Minor Surgical Procedures

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2020-005916-23
    Trial protocol
    Outside EU/EEA  
    Global end of trial date
    13 Mar 2020

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    22 Feb 2021
    First version publication date
    22 Feb 2021
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    ML39791
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03361137
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd.
    Sponsor organisation address
    Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Switzerland, CH-4070
    Public contact
    F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., +41 616878333, global.trial_information@roche.com
    Scientific contact
    F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., +41 616878333, global.trial_information@roche.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    Yes
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    13 Mar 2020
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    13 Mar 2020
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    13 Mar 2020
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of emicizumab in preventing surgery-related bleeding in patients with hemophilia A (PwHA) with and without inhibitors undergoing minor surgical procedures.
    Protection of trial subjects
    This study was conducted in full conformance with the ICH E6 guideline for Good Clinical Practice and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, or the laws and regulations of the country in which the research was conducted, whichever afforded the greater protection to the individual.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    28 Jun 2018
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 14
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    14
    EEA total number of subjects
    0
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    8
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    3
    Adults (18-64 years)
    3
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    A total of 14 participants were enrolled in the study.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed
    Arm description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled but did not have surgery. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Emicizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    RO5534262
    Other name
    Hemlibra
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery. Dosing was to be adjusted if the participant had a significant change in body weight.

    Arm title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Arm description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Emicizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    RO5534262
    Other name
    Hemlibra
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery. Dosing was to be adjusted if the participant had a significant change in body weight.

    Arm title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Arm description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Emicizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    RO5534262
    Other name
    Hemlibra
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery. Dosing was to be adjusted if the participant had a significant change in body weight.

    Arm title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Arm description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Emicizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    RO5534262
    Other name
    Hemlibra
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery. Dosing was to be adjusted if the participant had a significant change in body weight.

    Arm title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Arm description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Emicizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    RO5534262
    Other name
    Hemlibra
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery. Dosing was to be adjusted if the participant had a significant change in body weight.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Started
    1
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Completed
    0
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Not completed
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
         Reason not specified
    1
    -
    -
    -
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled but did not have surgery. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction Total
    Number of subjects
    1 9 1 2 1 14
    Age Categorical
    Units: Participants
        <18 Years Old
    1 7 1 2 0 11
        ≥18 to <65 Years Old
    0 2 0 0 1 3
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Participants
        Female
    0 0 0 0 0 0
        Male
    1 9 1 2 1 14
    Race/Ethnicity, Customized
    Units: Subjects
        Asian
    0 1 0 0 0 1
        Black or African American
    1 0 0 0 1 2
        White
    0 5 1 1 0 7
        Multiple
    0 2 0 0 0 2
        Unknown
    0 1 0 1 0 2
    Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    0 3 1 1 0 5
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    1 6 0 1 1 9
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0 0 0 0 0 0

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled but did not have surgery. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Subject analysis set title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: All Surgery Cohorts
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    This analysis set included all participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors who had undergone surgery. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Subject analysis set title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: All Surgery Cohorts
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    This analysis set included all participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors who had undergone surgery. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Primary: Percentage of Participants Without Excessive Bleeding at Surgical Sites and Did Not Require BPA/FVIII Use for Bleeding Related to the Surgery, From the Start of Surgery Until Discharge, as Measured by the ISTH Hemostatic Efficacy Scale

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Without Excessive Bleeding at Surgical Sites and Did Not Require BPA/FVIII Use for Bleeding Related to the Surgery, From the Start of Surgery Until Discharge, as Measured by the ISTH Hemostatic Efficacy Scale [1]
    End point description
    The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) Assessment of Hemostatic Response for Surgical Procedures scale (see reference PubMed ID:25059285) has four categories, listed here in order of best to worst response: Excellent, Good, Fair, and Poor. The participant's bleeding related to surgery was evaluated by the healthcare professional who performed the procedure using the hemostatic efficacy scale, with an absence of excessive bleeding at the surgical site indicated by a good to excellent rating. The endpoint was met when the response to “Intraoperative and/or postoperative blood loss increased over expectation for the non-hemophilic patient determined at the time of discharge” was “0 to <10%” or “10% to < 25%” AND the response to the question “Did the patient use any bypassing agent (BPA)/factor VIII (FVIII) for the surgery before the discharge?” was “No".
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Determined at the time of discharge (within approximately 48 hours after surgery)
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [2]
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Units: Percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    66.7
    100.0
    100.0
    100.0
    Notes
    [2] - Subject was excluded from analysis because they did not have surgery.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Percentage of Participants With Excessive Bleeding at Surgical Sites and Required BPA/FVIII Use for Treating Bleeding Related to the Surgery, From the Start of Surgery Until Discharge, as Measured by the ISTH Hemostatic Efficacy Scale

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants With Excessive Bleeding at Surgical Sites and Required BPA/FVIII Use for Treating Bleeding Related to the Surgery, From the Start of Surgery Until Discharge, as Measured by the ISTH Hemostatic Efficacy Scale [3]
    End point description
    The ISTH Assessment of Hemostatic Response for Surgical Procedures scale (see reference PubMed ID:25059285) has four categories, listed here in order of best to worst response: Excellent, Good, Fair, and Poor. The participant's bleeding related to surgery was evaluated by the healthcare professional who performed the procedure using the hemostatic efficacy scale, with excessive bleeding at the surgical site indicated by a fair to poor rating. The endpoint was met when the response to “Intraoperative and/or postoperative blood loss increased over expectation for the non-hemophilic patient determined at the time of discharge” was “25% to <50%” or “≥50%” AND the response to the question “Did the patient use any bypassing agent (BPA)/factor VIII (FVIII) for the surgery before the discharge?” was “Yes". The percentage of participants by type and dose of BPA/FVIII used to treat the bleeding is also reported. rFVIIa = recombinant activated human factor VII (eptacog alfa [activated])
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Determined at the time of discharge (within approximately 48 hours after surgery)
    Notes
    [3] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [4]
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Units: Percentage of participants
    number (not applicable)
        Total with Excessive Bleeding and BPA/FVIII Use
    11.1
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
        Treated with 2 mg rFVIIa
    11.1
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
    Notes
    [4] - Subject was excluded from analysis because they did not have surgery.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Percentage of Participants Who, After Being Discharged from Surgery, Experienced Bleeds That Were Either Related or Unrelated to Surgery and Also Required BPA/FVIII Use

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who, After Being Discharged from Surgery, Experienced Bleeds That Were Either Related or Unrelated to Surgery and Also Required BPA/FVIII Use [5]
    End point description
    Post-surgical bleeding information was self-reported by participants (or the participant’s legally authorized representative) on the “Bleed and Medication Diary". Bypassing agents (BPAs)/factor VIII (FVIII) used to treat excessive bleeding were also self-reported by participants if it was self-administered. BPAs/FVIII administered by the investigators to treat the bleeding were reported on the “Concomitant Medications” case report form page. The percentage of participants by type and dose of BPA/FVIII used to treat the bleeding is also reported. rFVIIa = recombinant activated human factor VII (eptacog alfa [activated])
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Within 48 hours (if discharged home), and 8 and 28 days after surgery
    Notes
    [5] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [6]
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Units: Percentage of participants
    number (not applicable)
        Total with Post-surgical Bleeding & BPA/FVIII Use
    22.2
    100.0
    0.0
    0.0
        Treated with 2 mg rFVIIa
    11.1
    100.0
    0.0
    0.0
        Treated with 5 mg rFVIIa
    11.1
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
    Notes
    [6] - Subject was excluded from analysis because they did not have surgery.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Emicizumab Plasma Concentration on the Day of Surgery

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    End point title
    Emicizumab Plasma Concentration on the Day of Surgery [7]
    End point description
    Enrolled participants received a minimum of four loading doses of emicizumab prior to their surgical procedure. Pharmacokinetic blood samples were obtained at study sites 24 hours before the procedures in order to describe emicizumab plasma concentration on the day of surgery for each of the inhibitor and non-inhibitor cohorts.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Approximately 24 hours prior to surgery
    Notes
    [7] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: All Surgery Cohorts PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: All Surgery Cohorts
    Number of subjects analysed
    10
    3
    Units: micrograms per millilitre (μg/mL)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    53.74 ± 28.67
    38.40 ± 8.95
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Safety Summary of the Number of Participants with at Least One Adverse Event

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    End point title
    Safety Summary of the Number of Participants with at Least One Adverse Event [8]
    End point description
    All adverse events (AEs) that occurred after informed consent was obtained were coded using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) v23.0, summarized by severity according to the World Health Organization (WHO) toxicity grading scale (Grade 1 is mild; Grade 2 is moderate; Grade 3 is severe; Grade 4 is life-threatening; and Grade 5 is death related to AE), and tabulated by body system and preferred term (PT) for individual events within each system organ class (SOC). For each AE, the investigator independently assessed its severity and seriousness, and whether it was considered to be related to the study drug. Mod. = modification
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From Baseline up to 30 days after surgery
    Notes
    [8] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Number of subjects analysed
    1
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Units: Participants
        Any Adverse Event (AE)
    1
    4
    0
    0
    0
        AE with Fatal Outcome
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Serious Adverse Event (SAE)
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        SAE Leading to Withdrawal from Treatment
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        SAE Leading to Dose Modification/Interruption
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Related SAE
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        AE Leading to Withdrawal from Treatment
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        AE Leading to Dose Modification/Interruption
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Related AE
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Related AE Leading to Withdrawal from Treatment
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Related AE Leading to Dose Mod./Interruption
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Grade 3–5 AE
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Percentage of Participants with Surgical Complications Requiring Hospitalization or Return to Surgery

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants with Surgical Complications Requiring Hospitalization or Return to Surgery [9]
    End point description
    This safety endpoint was a composite endpoint. Surgical complications were entered as adverse events on the case report form page with “Other suspected causes” marked as “Study Surgery or Procedure”. This endpoint was met when response to "It required or prolonged inpatient hospitalization” was checked OR response to “Was procedure/surgery performed?” was “Yes”.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Within 48 hours after surgery, and 8 and 28 days after initial surgery
    Notes
    [9] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [10]
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Units: Percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
    Notes
    [10] - Subject was excluded from analysis because they did not have surgery.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Percentage of Participants who Needed Blood/Blood Product Transfusions During Surgery

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants who Needed Blood/Blood Product Transfusions During Surgery [11]
    End point description
    The percentage of participants who needed blood or blood product transfusions (e.g., platelets, plasma, etc.) during surgery was evaluated.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Within 48 hours after surgery, and 8 and 28 days after initial surgery
    Notes
    [11] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical hypothesis was to be tested, and only descriptive summaries were to be presented for the data collected in this study.
    End point values
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [12]
    9
    1
    2
    1
    Units: Percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
    0.0
    Notes
    [12] - Subject was excluded from analysis because they did not have surgery.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From Baseline up to 30 days after surgery
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    23.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled but did not have surgery. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) with inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for central venous access device (CVAD) removal. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Reporting group title
    PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Reporting group description
    This cohort included participants with Hemophilia A (PwHA) without inhibitors that were enrolled and had surgery for simple dental extraction. All participants received emicizumab via subcutaneous (SC) injection at a loading dose of 3 milligrams of medication per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg) once weekly for the first 4 weeks, followed by 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, or by any other approved maintenance regimen, as long as they continued to derive sufficient benefit. Participants must have received all loading doses prior to surgery and planned to continue emicizumab for a minimum of 1 month after surgery.

    Serious adverse events
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Surgery Not Performed PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA With Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: CVAD Removal PwHA Without Inhibitors, Emicizumab: Simple Dental Extraction
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
    4 / 9 (44.44%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Limb injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Procedural pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Vascular disorders
    Haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Adhesiolysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
    2 / 9 (22.22%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    0
    0
    0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Product issues
    Device occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 1 (100.00%)
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
    0 / 1 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    16 Aug 2017
    Protocol Version 2: - Exclusion criteria were revised to remove the use of pre-operative anti-fibrinolytics and to expressly state allowance for use of anti-fibrinolytics in the Permitted Therapy section. This was based on exploratory data analysis of surgical procedures in HAVEN 1 and an interim analysis of HAVEN 2, which showed minimal risk in allowing pre-operative use of anti-fibrinolytics, as well as the potential to help with intra- and post-operative bleeding and avoid the use of bypassing agents for bleeding. -Throughout the protocol, references to “days” was revised to “Study Days.” - Objectives and Endpoints language was revised to indicate that applicable endpoints would be determined at the time of patient discharge, rather than a specific number of days after surgery. - Language describing thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) and thromboembolic events (TE) was revised to reflect number of patients as opposed to number of cases/events. - Protocol references to a bleed/medication questionnaire were replaced with the Bleeds and Medications Diary, to match the Case Report Form. - Language was added regarding the total number of patients in Study BH29884 who received emicizumab prior to the clinical cutoff for the primary analysis. - Language was added to clarify that all bleeds would be recorded in the Bleeds and Medications Diary. - Text was revised to clarify that after surgery, serious adverse events (SAEs) and adverse events of special interest (AESIs) would be reported until 28 days after surgery, not 28 days after the last dose of study drug. - Protocol references to “binary outcome” were revised to “binary efficacy endpoint.”
    15 Jun 2018
    Protocol Version 3: -The protocol was amended primarily to clarify and differentiate between primary efficacy and safety analysis reporting. -Efficacy and safety endpoints were modified for clarity and consistency. -The background on emicizumab was updated to reflect approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration and to align with the US Package Insert (USPI). -The term “study treatment” was clarified to indicate that the Sponsor is not providing the study drug; rather, treatment with emicizumab is required for all patients during the study. -The Internal Monitoring Committee is no longer a part of the study and its description was removed from the protocol. -The maximum number of patients per procedure category was increased from 7 to 9 patients. -Inclusion criteria were clarified to indicate that patients must plan to receive at least 4 loading doses of emicizumab and have been adherent to emicizumab prophylaxis by the time of the surgery. -Language was updated to indicate that the study treatment regimen may include other approved maintenance regimens, if and when available. -Prohibited therapy was modified to clarify that use of FVIII or BPA to treat a breakthrough bleed within 24 hours prior to surgery is prohibited. -It was clarified that if the screening period extends beyond 60 days, a patient must be re-consented prior to expiration of the original 60-day screening window. Only one extension of a patient’s screening period will be allowed. -Risks associated with emicizumab were updated to align with the USPI. -Language was updated to indicate that all AEs should be reported beginning from the time a patient provides informed consent until the end of the study. -Instructions regarding the reporting of overdoses, medication errors, drug abuse, or drug misuse were added. -A footnote was added to the Schedule of Activities to clarify that a patient’s PK sample must be obtained at the study site 24 hours prior to surgery.
    15 Mar 2019
    Protocol Version 4: The primary reason for this amendment was to add an additional cohort of study patients: PwHA without inhibitors. -Emicizumab was approved for routine prophylaxis to prevent or reduce the frequency of bleeding episodes in adult and pediatric PwHA (congenital factor VIII deficiency) with or without factor VIII inhibitors. Because of this label change, the following updates were made: -An additional cohort of PwHA without inhibitors was added to provide prospectively collected data surrounding minor surgical procedures in this population. The Phase III trials were not designed to determine surgical outcomes from procedures that may have occurred. The study design, including the total length of the study, was updated to reflect the addition of PwHA without inhibitors. -Inclusion and exclusion criteria were updated to reflect the additional cohort and label change. -Background and other general language was updated to reflect the label change. -The length of study was corrected to begin at the time the first patient was enrolled. -Contraception requirements were updated to align with the Phase III HAVEN studies. -The timing for HIV testing was updated to within 24 weeks of enrollment. -The time window for concomitant therapy was updated to 28 days before enrollment until Study Day 28. -Height was removed as a necessary assessment. -It was clarified that biological samples will be destroyed no later than 5 years after final study results have been reported. -The Background and Safety sections of the protocol were updated with recent clinical data to align with the USPI. -A section on immunogenicity was added to align with the USPI. -The date of patient consent was clarified as the date of study enrollment. Timing for standard-of-care tests or examinations performed prior to obtaining informed consent was clarified. -The list of minor surgical procedures acceptable for entry into the study was updated to include lysis of penile adhesions.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    No definitive efficacy conclusions were drawn due to study limitations that included early enrollment termination, limited number of participants enrolled, and evaluation in only 2 minor surgical procedure types.
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