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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase II, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Crossover, Study of the Pharmacodynamic Effects of CST-103 co-administered with CST-107 on the Central Nervous System in Subjects with Neurodegenerative Disorders

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2020-006067-28
    Trial protocol
    BE  
    Global end of trial date
    31 Aug 2022

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    29 Jul 2023
    First version publication date
    29 Jul 2023
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CST103/CST107-CLIN-011
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT04739423
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc.
    Sponsor organisation address
    930 Brittan Avenue, San Carlos, United States, CA 94070
    Public contact
    Clinical Trial Information Desk, CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc., +1 650 475 2842, clinicaltrials@curasen.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trial Information Desk, CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc., +1 650 475 2842, clinicaltrials@curasen.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    24 Apr 2023
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    31 Aug 2022
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    31 Aug 2022
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective is to identify a CNS signal in one of the planned pharmacodynamic measures (emotional facial processing, cognitive fluctuations) after multiple doses of CST-103 co-administered with CST-107 in subjects with neurodegenerative diseases. The objective is to identify an improvement in cognition, for example in learning, thinking and remembering, a CNS signal in one of the planned pharmacodynamic measurements after multiple oral doses of CST-103 in the presence of CST-107 in four populations of subjects with neurodegenerative disorders. This includes patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) , Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). The primary objective for Cohort A population (PD or MCI) is a change in emotional facial recognition, a measure of mood. The primary objective for the Cohort B population (DLB or PDD) is to assess the change in cognitive fluctuations.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Before each subject was screened, written informed consent was obtained from the subject. The consent forms were signed and dated and retained by the Investigator as part of the clinical trial records. The Investigator did not undertake any investigation specifically required for the clinical trial until valid consent had been obtained. The terms of the consent and when it was obtained were documented in the electronic case report form (eCRF). Each subject received a fully signed copy of each consent form that he/she signed for the clinical trial. If the consent form was revised for a protocol amendment, it was reviewed and approved by the appropriate EC and signed by all subjects subsequently enrolled, as well as those currently enrolled in the trial.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    21 Apr 2021
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    New Zealand: 15
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    41
    EEA total number of subjects
    10
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    19
    From 65 to 84 years
    22
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    After informed consent, all subjects completed screening procedures and tests to establish eligibility during the Screening Period, which were performed between Day -28 and Day -8. If a subject fell outside the Screening Period window, screening could be extended with prior approval by the CuraSen Medical Monitor.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    No

    Arm title
    PD - Placebo
    Arm description
    Subjects with Parkinson's Disease (PD) receiving placebo
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken daily in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period (Day 1 - Day 14)

    Arm title
    PD - Active
    Arm description
    Subjects with PD receiving active treatment.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    CST-103
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Clenbuterol HCl
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken orally in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period as 80 μg CST-103, administered as two 40 μg capsules once daily on Days 1 to 14

    Investigational medicinal product name
    CST-107
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Nadolol
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken orally in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period as 1 mg CST-107, administered as one 1 mg capsule once daily on Days 1 to 14.

    Arm title
    MCI - Placebo
    Arm description
    Subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) receiving placebo.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken daily in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period (Day 1 - Day 14)

    Arm title
    MCI - Active
    Arm description
    Subjects with MCI receiving active treatment.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    CST-103
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Clenbuterol HCl
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken orally in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period as 80 μg CST-103, administered as two 40 μg capsules once daily on Days 1 to 14

    Investigational medicinal product name
    CST-107
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Nadolol
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken orally in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period as 1 mg CST-107, administered as one 1 mg capsule once daily on Days 1 to 14.

    Arm title
    PDD and DLB- Placebo
    Arm description
    Subjects with Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) or Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) receiving placebo.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken daily in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period (Day 1 - Day 14)

    Arm title
    PDD and DLB - Active
    Arm description
    Subjects with PDD or DLB receiving active treatment.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    CST-103
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Clenbuterol HCl
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken orally in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period as 80 μg CST-103, administered as two 40 μg capsules once daily on Days 1 to 14

    Investigational medicinal product name
    CST-107
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Nadolol
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Taken orally in the morning after the first meal of the day during each Treatment Period as 1 mg CST-107, administered as one 1 mg capsule once daily on Days 1 to 14.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    PD - Placebo PD - Active MCI - Placebo MCI - Active PDD and DLB- Placebo PDD and DLB - Active
    Started
    25
    24
    12
    13
    3
    2
    Completed
    24
    24
    12
    12
    1
    2
    Not completed
    1
    0
    0
    1
    2
    0
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    -
    -
    -
    -
    1
    -
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    -
    -
    -
    1
    1
    -
         Protocol deviation
    1
    -
    -
    -
    -
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall study
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Overall study Total
    Number of subjects
    41 41
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    63.7 ± 7.40 -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    13 13
        Male
    28 28

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    PD - Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with Parkinson's Disease (PD) receiving placebo

    Reporting group title
    PD - Active
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with PD receiving active treatment.

    Reporting group title
    MCI - Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) receiving placebo.

    Reporting group title
    MCI - Active
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with MCI receiving active treatment.

    Reporting group title
    PDD and DLB- Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) or Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) receiving placebo.

    Reporting group title
    PDD and DLB - Active
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with PDD or DLB receiving active treatment.

    Primary: Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) - Accuracy for happiness

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    End point title
    Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) - Accuracy for happiness [1]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline to Day 14.
    Notes
    [1] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: Analysis performed on data from PD subjects only. It is noted that the sample size for all groups other than PD were too small for meaningful analysis.
    End point values
    PD - Placebo PD - Active
    Number of subjects analysed
    23
    24
    Units: Percentage
        least squares mean (standard error)
    8.1316 ± 2.5783
    13.6138 ± 2.5462
    Statistical analysis title
    Between treatment analysis
    Comparison groups
    PD - Placebo v PD - Active
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    47
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [2]
    P-value
    = 0.0479
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [2] - It is noted that the number of subjects in this analysis was 23 and not 47 as automatically imputed by EudraCT.

    Primary: Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) - Accuracy for sadness

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    End point title
    Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) - Accuracy for sadness [3]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change in baseline to Day 14.
    Notes
    [3] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: Analysis performed on data from PD subjects only. It is noted that the sample size for all groups other than PD were too small for meaningful analysis.
    End point values
    PD - Placebo PD - Active
    Number of subjects analysed
    23
    24
    Units: Percentage protective dose
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -6.9002 ± 1.7950
    -2.1048 ± 1.7749
    Statistical analysis title
    Between treatment analysis
    Comparison groups
    PD - Active v PD - Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    47
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [4]
    P-value
    = 0.0161
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [4] - It is noted that the number of subjects in this analysis was 23 and not 47 as automatically imputed by EudraCT.

    Primary: Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) - Reaction time for anger

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    End point title
    Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) - Reaction time for anger [5]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Change from baseline to Day 7.
    Notes
    [5] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: Analysis performed on data from PD subjects only. It is noted that the sample size for all groups other than PD were too small for meaningful analysis.
    End point values
    PD - Placebo PD - Active
    Number of subjects analysed
    21
    23
    Units: ms
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -150.77 ± 78.70
    16.52 ± 75.97
    Statistical analysis title
    Between treatment analysis
    Comparison groups
    PD - Placebo v PD - Active
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    44
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [6]
    P-value
    = 0.0237
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [6] - It is noted that the number of subjects in this analysis was 21 and not 44 as automatically imputed by EudraCT.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From first dose to end of study visit.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    24.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    PD - Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with Parkinson's Disease (PD) receiving placebo

    Reporting group title
    PD - Active
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with PD receiving active treatment.

    Reporting group title
    MCI - Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) receiving placebo.

    Reporting group title
    MCI - Active
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with MCI receiving active treatment.

    Reporting group title
    PDD and DLB- Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with Parkinson's Disease Dementia (PDD) or Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) receiving placebo.

    Reporting group title
    PDD and DLB - Active
    Reporting group description
    Subjects with PDD or DLB receiving active treatment.

    Serious adverse events
    PD - Placebo PD - Active MCI - Placebo MCI - Active PDD and DLB- Placebo PDD and DLB - Active
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Hypoglycaemic seizure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    PD - Placebo PD - Active MCI - Placebo MCI - Active PDD and DLB- Placebo PDD and DLB - Active
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 25 (68.00%)
    21 / 24 (87.50%)
    4 / 12 (33.33%)
    7 / 13 (53.85%)
    3 / 3 (100.00%)
    2 / 2 (100.00%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    1
    1
    0
    0
    Hot flush
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Orthostatic hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    Supine hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Malaise
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    1
    0
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Nervousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    2 / 13 (15.38%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    2
    0
    0
    Anxiety
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    2 / 13 (15.38%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    2
    0
    0
    Rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Agitation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Confusional state
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    Depressed mood
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Hallucination, olfactory
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Initial insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Irritability
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    1 / 3 (33.33%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    Mood altered
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Nightmare
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Restlessness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Sleep disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Investigations
    Blood creatine phosphokinase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Lipase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Hepatic enzyme increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Contusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Head injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Skin laceration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 25 (12.00%)
    5 / 24 (20.83%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    2 / 13 (15.38%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    5
    0
    2
    0
    0
    Tremor
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    6 / 24 (25.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    6
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Parkinson's disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Restless legs syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Somnolence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Cognitive disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Essential tremor
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Hypotonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Lethargy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Migraine
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Parkinsonian rest tremor
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Vertebral artery aneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Memory impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Deafness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Eye disorders
    Eye oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Vision blurred
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    1
    1
    0
    0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Stomatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 25 (8.00%)
    4 / 24 (16.67%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    1 / 2 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    4
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Skin irritation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    3 / 24 (12.50%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Dermatitis contact
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Ecchymosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Groin pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Joint swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Musculoskeletal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    1 / 13 (7.69%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Periarthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Infections and infestations
    Gastroenteritis viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Tooth infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 12 (8.33%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Viral infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hypoglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 12 (0.00%)
    0 / 13 (0.00%)
    0 / 3 (0.00%)
    0 / 2 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    0
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    27 Jan 2021
    Version 1.1 added assessment of Freezing of Gait (FOG) using the FOG-Q for subjects with PD, PDD, and DLB.
    18 Mar 2021
    UK Version 2.0 added exclusion criterion #11 for known hypersentitivity to Spiropent (clenbuterol), Corgard (nadolol) or intolerance to lactose, and added the exclusion criterion for females who were breastfeeding. This amendment added the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS), including revising exclusion criterion #15 to specify suicidal ideation with actual intent or plan (“Yes” answer on the C-SSRS ideation items 4 or 5).
    23 Apr 2021
    UK Version 3.0 deleted use of the BioStamp digital device for activity tracking. A separate AUS/NZ version of the protocol was generated when Australian and New Zealand sites were initiated. The major difference was that AUS/NZ versions included the Sustained Attention Response Task (SART) and the BioStamp activity assessment whereas the UK/EU versions did not.
    18 Jul 2021
    UK Version 4.0 (Amendment 4) and AUS/NZ Version 3.0 (Amendment 3) added neuromelanin-sensitive MRI as an optional procedure based on imaging capabilities) for an added exploratory objective to characterize locus coeruleus volume and contrast ratio.
    23 Aug 2021
    UK Version 5.0 (Amendment 5) and AUS/NZ Version 4.0 (Amendment 4) added the verbal fluency test (alphabet and category) and added the Stop Signal Task to the CANTAB assessments. The UK version, but not the AUS/NZ version, deleted the SART.
    19 Oct 2021
    UK/EU Version 6.0 (Amendment 6) and AUS/NZ Version 5.0 (Amendment 5) included 3 main changes to the protocol. • HADS was deleted as an inclusion criterion but kept as an outcome measure. HADS led to a high screen failure rate. The criterion was intended to select subjects with a score cutoff of very mild depression but it was found that the FERT was sensitive even in subjects who did not have depressed mood so the criterion was not necessary. • APOE4 genotyping was added as an exploratory endpoint. The epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) has been consistently associated with cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease and recently has also been found to be an important predictor of cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease across multiple domains. Therefore, it would be important to ascertain whether the subjects in the study carry this allele as it is an important covariate to consider in the cognition data analysis. • The amendment allowed for the washout period between Treatment Periods 1 and 2 to be extended with Medical Monitor approval to accommodate holiday closure schedules at the clinical study centers as well as to accommodate subject availability.
    18 Feb 2022
    UK/EU Version 7.0 (Amendment 7) and AUS/NZ Version 6.0 (Amendment 6) were the final protocol versions and included 2 main changes: • Exclusion criterion #9 for subjects with a calculated creatinine clearance of ≤70 mL/min according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation was updated to ≤60 mL/min. A substantial number of potential patients in the study were older than 60 years of age and therefore were expected to have a GFR in the range of 60 to 70 mL/min so the criterion was modified to take that into account. This exclusion criterion was intended to ensure that patients who were medically ill with poor renal function were excluded from the trial. Subjects who were deemed to have normal to mildly impaired renal function based on either physical examination and/or laboratory values were eligible if their eGFR values were age-appropriate and not below 60 mL/min. • Wording was revised to clarify that the inclusion/exclusion criteria were to be evaluated only at Screening, Lead-In, and pre-dose on Day 1 of Treatment Period 1 (and not re-evaluated pre-dose on Day 1 of Treatment Period 2).

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    Only the primary endpoint data with statistically significant treatment differences have been presented here. (PD only due to small sample size). The number of AE events has been assumed to equal the number of subjects experiencing the event term
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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