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    Summary
    EudraCT Number:2021-001911-96
    Sponsor's Protocol Code Number:D9488C00001
    National Competent Authority:Spain - AEMPS
    Clinical Trial Type:EEA CTA
    Trial Status:Ongoing
    Date on which this record was first entered in the EudraCT database:2021-10-19
    Trial results
    Index
    A. PROTOCOL INFORMATION
    B. SPONSOR INFORMATION
    C. APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION
    D. IMP IDENTIFICATION
    D.8 INFORMATION ON PLACEBO
    E. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRIAL
    F. POPULATION OF TRIAL SUBJECTS
    G. INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS TO BE INVOLVED IN THE TRIAL
    N. REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY OR ETHICS COMMITTEE IN THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
    P. END OF TRIAL
    Expand All   Collapse All
    A. Protocol Information
    A.1Member State ConcernedSpain - AEMPS
    A.2EudraCT number2021-001911-96
    A.3Full title of the trial
    A Phase 3, International, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Effect of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate on Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Progression in Participants with CKD and Hyperkalaemia or at Risk of Hyperkalaemia
    Ensayo multicéntrico Fase III, aleatorizado, doble-ciego, controlado frente a placebo, para evaluar la eficacia de ciclosilicato de sodio y zirconio en la progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en pacientes con ERC e hiperpotasemia o con riesgo de hiperpotasemia
    A.3.1Title of the trial for lay people, in easily understood, i.e. non-technical, language
    Effect of Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate on Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Progression in Participants with CKD and High Blood Potassium Level or at Risk of High Blood Potassium Level
    Efecto de ciclosilicato de sodio y zirconio en la progresión de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en pacientes con ERC y nivel alto de potasio en sangre o con riesgo de nivel alto de potasio en sangre
    A.3.2Name or abbreviated title of the trial where available
    STABILIZE-CKD
    A.4.1Sponsor's protocol code numberD9488C00001
    A.7Trial is part of a Paediatric Investigation Plan No
    A.8EMA Decision number of Paediatric Investigation Plan
    B. Sponsor Information
    B.Sponsor: 1
    B.1.1Name of SponsorAstraZeneca AB
    B.1.3.4CountrySweden
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorCommercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportAstraZeneca AB
    B.4.2CountrySweden
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationAstraZeneca Farmacéutica Spain, S.A.
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointUnidad de Investigación Clínica
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street AddressC/ Serrano Galvache, 56; Parque Norte, Edificio Álamo
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityMadrid
    B.5.3.3Post code28033
    B.5.3.4CountrySpain
    B.5.4Telephone number+34900200444
    B.5.6E-mailinformacionEECC-Spain@astrazeneca.com
    D. IMP Identification
    D.IMP: 1
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name Lokelma
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderAstraZeneca AB
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationEuropean Union
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameSodium zirconium cyclosilicate 5g
    D.3.2Product code AZD7270, SZC
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Powder for oral suspension
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNSodium zirconium cyclosilicate
    D.3.9.1CAS number 242800-27-7
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeSZC
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameAZD7270
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit g gram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number5
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 2
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name Lokelma
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderAstraZeneca AB
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationEuropean Union
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameSodium zirconium cyclosilicate 10 g
    D.3.2Product code AZD7270, SZC
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Powder for oral suspension
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNSodium zirconium cyclosilicate
    D.3.9.1CAS number 242800-27-7
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeSZC
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameAZD7270
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit g gram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number10
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 3
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameLisinopril
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNLISINOPRIL DIHYDRATE
    D.3.9.1CAS number 83915-83-7
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameoral long-acting angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit g gram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number5 to 20
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 4
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameValsartan
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNValsartan
    D.3.9.1CAS number 137862-53-4
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number40 to 160
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 5
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameirbesartan
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMPOral use
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNirbesartan
    D.3.9.1CAS number 138402-11-6
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product No
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product No
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product No
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) No
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product No
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.8 Information on Placebo
    D.8 Placebo: 1
    D.8.1Is a Placebo used in this Trial?Yes
    D.8.3Pharmaceutical form of the placeboPowder for oral suspension
    D.8.4Route of administration of the placeboOral use
    D.8 Placebo: 2
    D.8.1Is a Placebo used in this Trial?Yes
    D.8.3Pharmaceutical form of the placeboPowder for oral suspension
    D.8.4Route of administration of the placeboOral use
    E. General Information on the Trial
    E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.1Medical condition(s) being investigated
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with hyperkalaemia or at risk of hyperkalaemia
    Enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) con hiperpotasemia o riesgo de hiperpotasemia
    E.1.1.1Medical condition in easily understood language
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with elevated blood potassium level or at risk of elevated blood potassium level
    Enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) con nivel elevado de potasio en sangre o con riesgo de nivel elevado de potasio en sangre.
    E.1.1.2Therapeutic area Diseases [C] - Cardiovascular Diseases [C14]
    MedDRA Classification
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 23.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10076410
    E.1.2Term Chronic kidney disease stage 3
    E.1.2System Organ Class 100000004857
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 23.1
    E.1.2Level LLT
    E.1.2Classification code 10076411
    E.1.2Term Chronic kidney disease stage 4
    E.1.2System Organ Class 100000004857
    E.1.3Condition being studied is a rare disease No
    E.2 Objective of the trial
    E.2.1Main objective of the trial
    To determine if treatment with SZC, as adjunct to ACEi/ARB therapy*, is superior to placebo in slowing CKD progression, assessed as the reduction in participant’s expected eGFR decline over time

    *lisinopril or valsartan; in case of a local market valsartan shortage, irbesartan will be temporarily used instead.
    Determinar si el tratamiento con CSZ, en coadyuvancia con la terapia IECA/ARA II *, es superior al placebo en la ralentización de la progresión de la ERC, evaluada como la reducción en el descenso esperado del TFGe del paciente en el tiempo

    *lisinopril o valsartan; en caso de desabastecimiento de valsartan en el mercado local, se utilizará irbesartan en su lugar temporalmente.
    E.2.2Secondary objectives of the trial
    - To determine if treatment with SZC, as adjunct to ACEi/ARB therapy* is superior to placebo in reducing the incidence of the composite of kidney failure outcomes comprising: sustained ≥ 40% decline in eGFR, onset of ESKD,and death from kidney failure
    - To determine if treatment with SZC, as adjunct to ACEi/ARB therapy* is superior to placebo in reducing the incidence of lisinopril/valsartan dose decrease in participants on lisinopril/valsartan at randomisation
    - To determine if treatment with SZC, as adjunct to ACEi/ARB therapy* is superior to placebo in reducing albuminuria
    - To determine if treatment with SZC, as adjunct to ACEi/ARB therapy* is superior to placebo in increasing serum bicarbonate levels
    - To determine if treatment with SZC, as adjunct to ACEi/ARB therapy* is superior to placebo on maintenance of normokalaemia

    *lisinopril or valsartan; in case of a local market valsartan shortage, irbesartan will be temporarily used instead.
    Determinar si el tratamiento:
    - con CSZ, en coadyuvancia con IECA/ARA II*, es superior al placebo en la reducción de la incidencia de insuficiencia renal determinada como: disminución sostenida ≥40 % de la TFGe, aparición de ERT y muerte por insuficiencia renal
    - con CSZ, en coadyuvancia con IECA/ARA II*, es superior al placebo en la reducción de la incidencia de disminución de la dosis de lisinopril/valsartán en los pacientes que estén en tratamiento con lisinopril/valsartán en la aleatorización
    - con CSZ, en coadyuvancia con IECA/ARA II*, es superior al placebo en la reducción de la albuminuria
    - con CSZ, en coadyuvancia con IECA/ARA II*, es superior al placebo en el aumento de los niveles de bicarbonato en suero
    - con CSZ, en coadyuvancia con IECA/ARA II*, es superior al placebo en el mantenimiento de la normopotasemia

    *lisinopril o valsartán; en caso de escasez de valsartán en el mercado local, se utilizará irbesartán temporalmente.
    E.2.3Trial contains a sub-study No
    E.3Principal inclusion criteria
    - Capable of giving signed informed consent which includes compliance with the requirements and restrictions listed in the ICF and protocol

    - Must be ≥ 18 years of age at the time of signing the informed consent. For participants < 20 years of age and enrolled in Japan, a written informed consent should be obtained from the participant and his or her legally acceptable representative

    - Must have eGFR ≥ 25 and ≤ 59 mL/min/1.73m2 as calculated by central laboratory (CKD-EPI formula) at screening (Visit 1)

    - Must have UACR ≥ 200 and ≤ 5000 mg/g as calculated by central laboratory at screening (Visit 1)

    - Any of the following criteria, a or b, at screening (Visit 1):
    (a) Cohort A: Hyperkalaemia (S-K > 5.0 to ≤ 6.5 mmol/L) as measured by the central laboratory, and on adequate* or limited** RAASi therapy due to hyperkalaemia.
    (b) Cohort B: Normokalaemia (S-K ≥ 3.5 to ≤ 5.0 mmol/L) as measured by the central laboratory and on limited** RAASi therapy due to high risk of hyperkalaemia. High risk of hyperkalaemia is defined as:
    (i) Participants with a previous medical history or record of hyperkalaemia within the prior 24 months, who are on limited** RAASi therapy despite indication in CKD.
    (ii) Participants in whom RAASi therapy is indicated in CKD, who are on limited** RAASi therapy and have S-K ≥ 4.7 to ≤ 5.0 mmol/L.
    (iii) Participants in whom RAASi therapy has been discontinued or reduced to suboptimal* doses because of hyperkalaemia.

    *Adequate RAASi dose levels are defined in protocol; doses lower than these are considered as suboptimal.
    **Limited RAASi therapy is defined as no or suboptimal RAASi therapy according to dosing guidance provided in protocol.

    - If on thiazide or loop diuretics, the dose must have been stable for 2 weeks prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - If on RAASi therapy, the dose must have been stable for one month prior to screening (Visit 1) and remain stable during screening.

    - If on an SGLT2i treatment, the dose must have been stable for 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).
    - Capaz de otorgar y firmar el consentimiento informado, cumpliendo con los requisitos y las restricciones que se enumeran en el consentimiento informado y en el protocolo

    Debe tener ≥18 años en el momento de firmar el consentimiento informado. Para pacientes < 20 años reclutados en Japón, se debe obtener un consentimiento informado escrito del paciente o de su representante legal.

    Debe tener una TFGe ≥25 y ≤59 ml/min/1,73 m2 calculada por el laboratorio central (fórmula CKD-EPI) en la visita de selección (visita 1)

    Debe tener un UACR (cociente de microalbúmina y creatinina) ≥200 y ≤5000 ml/mg calculado por el laboratorio central en la visita de selección (visita 1)

    Cualquiera de los siguientes criterios, a o b, en la visita de selección (visita 1):
    (a) Cohorte A: Hiperpotasemia (Ks de >5,0 a ≤6,5 mmol/l) medida por el laboratorio central, y en tratamiento adecuado* o limitado** con iSRAA debido a hiperpotasemia.
    (b) Cohorte B: Normopotasemia (Ks de ≥3,5 a ≤5,0 mmol/l) medida por el laboratorio central, y en tratamiento limitado** con iSRAA debido a alto riesgo de hiperpotasemia. El alto riesgo de hiperpotasemia se define como:
    (i) Pacientes con antecedentes médicos o historial de hiperpotasemia en los 24 meses anteriores, que estén recibiendo tratamiento limitado** con iSRAA a pesar de la indicación en la ERC.
    (ii) Pacientes en los que el tratamiento con iSRAA está indicado en la ERC, que están recibiendo tratamiento limitado** con iSRAA y tienen un Ks de entre ≥4,7 y ≤5,0 mmol/l.
    (iii) Pacientes en los que se ha interrumpido o reducido el tratamiento con iSRAA a dosis subóptimas* debido a hiperpotasemia.

    *Los niveles posológicos adecuados de iSRAA se definen en el protocolo; las dosis inferiores a estas se consideran subóptimas.
    **El tratamiento limitado con iSRAA se define como ausencia de tratamiento con iSRAA o tratamiento con iSRAA a dosis subóptimas de acuerdo con las directrices posológicas que se dan en el protocolo.

    - Si recibe tiazida o diuréticos de asa, la dosis debe haber sido estable durante las 2 semanas previas a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - Si recibe tratamiento con iSRAA, la dosis debe haber sido estable durante el mes previo a la visita de selección (visita 1) y permanecer estable durante el período de selección.

    - Si recibe tratamiento con un inhibidor de SGLT2, la dosis debe haber sido estable durante los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).
    E.4Principal exclusion criteria
    - New York Heart Association class III to IV congestive heart failure at the time of screening (Visit 1) or previous history of severe or symptomatic heart failure.

    - Myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, or transient ischaemic attack within 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Systolic blood pressure ≥ 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 95 mmHg (confirmed by repeated measurement), within 2 weeks prior to screening (Visit 1). Participants may be rescreened once blood pressure is controlled.

    - QTcF > 550 msec at screening (Visit 1).

    - History of QT prolongation associated with other medications that required discontinuation of that medication.

    - Congenital long QT syndrome.

    - Symptomatic or uncontrolled atrial fibrillation despite treatment, or asymptomatic sustained ventricular tachycardia. Participants with atrial fibrillation and heart rate controlled by medication are permitted.

    - Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

    - Lupus nephritis or anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.

    - Change in renal function requiring hospitalisation or dialysis within 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - History of renal transplant (or anticipated need for renal transplant during the study).

    - Severe hepatic impairment, biliary cirrhosis, or cholestasis.

    - History of hereditary or idiopathic angioedema.

    - Any prior hypersensitivity to ACEi or ARB that in the investigator’s judgment precludes use of lisinopril and valsartan/irbesartan. Prior hypersensitivity reactions to consider include, but are not limited to, development of angioedema, icterus, hepatitis, or neutropaenia or thrombocytopaenia requiring treatment modification.

    - Known hypersensitivity or previous anaphylaxis to SZC or to components thereof.

    - Any condition outside the CV and renal disease area such as, but not limited to, malignancy, with a life expectancy of less than 2 years based on investigator´s clinical judgment.

    - Active malignancy requiring treatment at the time of screening (Visit 1), except for successfully treated basal cell or treated squamous cell carcinoma.

    - S-K > 6.5 or < 3.5 mmol/L by local laboratory within 1 day prior to the scheduled first dose of SZC in the initiation phase.

    - Evidence of COVID-19 infection within 2 weeks prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Treated with dual blockade of RAAS (combined use of an ACEi and ARB) within 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Treated with an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI; sacubitril/valsartan [Entresto®]) within 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Treated with an MRA within 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Treated with aliskiren-containing products with 3 months prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Treated with SPS (eg, Kayexalate, Resonium), CPS (Resonium Calcium), patiromer (Veltassa®), or SZC (Lokelma®) within 7 days prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Participation in another clinical study with an investigational product administered within one month prior to screening (Visit 1).

    - Not willing or not able to change to lisinopril or valsartan/irbesartan, the protocol-mandated RAASi study intervention.

    - Previous dosing with SZC in the present study.

    - Currently pregnant (confirmed with positive pregnancy test at screening [Visit 1]) or breastfeeding.

    - Judgment by the investigator that the participant is unlikely to comply with study procedures, restrictions, and requirements.

    - Involvement in the planning and/or conduct of the study (applies to both AstraZeneca staff and/or staff at the study site).
    - Insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva de clase III o IV según la Asociación de Cardiología de Nueva York en la visita de selección (visita 1) o antecedentes de insuficiencia cardíaca grave o sintomática.

    - Infarto de miocardio, angina inestable, accidente cerebrovascular o accidente isquémico transitorio en los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - Presión arterial sistólica ≥160 mmHg o presión arterial diastólica ≥95 mmHg (confirmadas mediante mediciones repetidas), en las 2 semanas previas a la visita de selección (visita 1). Los pacientes podrán repetir el periodo de selección una vez controlada la presión arterial.

    - QTcF >550 ms en la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - Antecedentes de prolongación del intervalo QT asociada a otros medicamentos que requirió la interrupción de dicha medicación.

    - Síndrome del QT prolongado congénito.

    - Fibrilación auricular sintomática o no controlada a pesar del tratamiento, o taquicardia ventricular sostenida asintomática. Se permiten aquellos pacientes con fibrilación auricular y frecuencia cardíaca controlada con medicamentos.

    - Diabetes mellitus de tipo 1.

    - Nefritis lúpica o vasculitis asociada a anticuerpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos.

    - Cambio en la función renal que requiera hospitalización o diálisis en los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - Antecedentes de trasplante renal (o trasplante renal planeado para realizarse durante el estudio).

    - Insuficiencia hepática grave, cirrosis biliar o colestasis.

    - Antecedentes de angioedema hereditario o idiopático.

    - Hipersensibilidad previa a IECA o ARA II que, a criterio del investigador, impida el uso de lisinopril y valsartán/irbesartán. Las reacciones de hipersensibilidad previas que deben tenerse en cuenta incluyen, entre otras, la aparición de angioedema, ictericia, hepatitis o neutropenia o trombocitopenia que requirieran una modificación del tratamiento.

    - Hipersensibilidad conocida o anafilaxia previa al CSZ o sus componentes.

    - Toda afección fuera del área de la enfermedad CV y renal como, entre otras, neoplasia maligna, con una esperanza de vida inferior a 2 años según el criterio clínico del investigador.

    - Neoplasia maligna activa que requiere tratamiento en el momento de la selección (visita 1), excepto el carcinoma basocelular o espinocelular tratado con éxito.

    - Ks >6,5 o <3,5 mmol/l según el laboratorio local en el día previo a la primera dosis programada de CSZ en la fase de inicio.

    - Indicios de infección por COVID-19 en las 2 semanas previas a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - En tratamiento con bloqueo dual del SRAA (uso combinado de un IECA y un ARA II) en los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - En tratamiento con un inhibidor de la neprilisina y del receptor de angiotensina (INRA; sacubitrilo/valsartán [Entresto®]) en los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - En tratamiento con una ARM en los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - En tratamiento con Aliskiren en los 3 meses previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - En tratamiento con SPS (p. ej., Kayexalate, Resonium), CPS (Resonium Calcium), SYMBICORT (Veltassa®) o CSZ (Lokelma®) en los 7 días previos a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - Participación en otro ensayo clínico con un medicamento en investigación administrado en el mes previo a la visita de selección (visita 1).

    - Falta de disposición o capacidad de cambiar a lisinopril o valsartán/irbesartán, la tal y como especifica el protocolo.

    - Administración previa de CSZ en el presente estudio.

    - Actualmente embarazada (confirmado con prueba de embarazo positiva en la selección [visita 1]) o en periodo de lactancia.

    - Determinación por parte del investigador de que el paciente cumpla con los procedimientos, las restricciones y los requisitos del ensayo.

    - Participación en la planificación o realización del ensayo (aplicable tanto al personal de AstraZeneca como al del centro del estudio).
    E.5 End points
    E.5.1Primary end point(s)
    - Total eGFR slope

    - Chronic eGFR slope
    - Pendiente total de la TFGe

    - Pendiente crónica de la TFGe
    E.5.1.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    - Total slope: eGFR measurements after randomisation

    - Chronic slope: eGFR measurements, starting at 12 weeks after randomisation
    - Pendiente total: mediciones de la TFGe después de la aleatorización

    - Pendiente crónica: mediciones de la TFGe a partir de 12 semanas después de la aleatorización
    E.5.2Secondary end point(s)
    - Time from randomisation to the first occurrence of any component in the composite of:
    Sustained ≥ 40% decline in eGFR
    Onset of ESKD (kidney transplantation, maintenance dialysis, or sustained low eGFR)
    Death from kidney failure

    - Time from randomisation to first lisinopril/valsartan dose decrease

    - UACR measurements

    - Serum bicarbonate measurements

    - S-K level classification; normal (3.5 - 5.0 mmol/L) or non-normal (< 3.5 or > 5.0 mmol/L)
    - Tiempo desde la aleatorización hasta la primera aparición de cualquiera de los componentes del criterio de:
    Disminución sostenida ≥40 % de la TFGe
    Aparición de ERT (trasplante de riñón, diálisis de mantenimiento o baja TFGe sostenida)
    Muerte por insuficiencia renal

    - Tiempo transcurrido desde la aleatorización hasta la primera disminución de la dosis de lisinopril/valsartán

    - Mediciones del UACR

    - Mediciones de bicarbonato en suero

    - Clasificación del nivel de Ks; normal (3,5-5,0 mmol/l) o no normal (<3,5 o >5,0 mmol/l)
    E.5.2.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    - UACR measurements at scheduled visits after randomisation

    - Serum bicarbonate measurements at scheduled visits after randomisation

    - S-K level classification; normal (3.5 5.0 mmol/L) or non-normal (< 3.5 or > 5.0 mmol/L) at scheduled visits after randomisation
    - Mediciones del UACR en las visitas programadas tras la aleatorización

    - Mediciones del bicarbonato en suero en las visitas programadas tras la aleatorización

    - Clasificación del nivel de Ks; normal (3,5-5,0 mmol/l) o no normal (<3,5 o >5,0 mmol/l) en las visitas programadas tras la aleatorización
    E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial
    E.6Scope of the trial
    E.6.1Diagnosis No
    E.6.2Prophylaxis No
    E.6.3Therapy Yes
    E.6.4Safety Yes
    E.6.5Efficacy Yes
    E.6.6Pharmacokinetic No
    E.6.7Pharmacodynamic No
    E.6.8Bioequivalence No
    E.6.9Dose response No
    E.6.10Pharmacogenetic No
    E.6.11Pharmacogenomic No
    E.6.12Pharmacoeconomic No
    E.6.13Others No
    E.7Trial type and phase
    E.7.1Human pharmacology (Phase I) No
    E.7.1.1First administration to humans No
    E.7.1.2Bioequivalence study No
    E.7.1.3Other No
    E.7.1.3.1Other trial type description
    E.7.2Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) No
    E.7.3Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) Yes
    E.7.4Therapeutic use (Phase IV) No
    E.8 Design of the trial
    E.8.1Controlled Yes
    E.8.1.1Randomised Yes
    E.8.1.2Open No
    E.8.1.3Single blind No
    E.8.1.4Double blind Yes
    E.8.1.5Parallel group Yes
    E.8.1.6Cross over No
    E.8.1.7Other No
    E.8.2 Comparator of controlled trial
    E.8.2.1Other medicinal product(s) No
    E.8.2.2Placebo Yes
    E.8.2.3Other No
    E.8.2.4Number of treatment arms in the trial2
    E.8.3 The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned No
    E.8.4 The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned Yes
    E.8.4.1Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned10
    E.8.5The trial involves multiple Member States Yes
    E.8.5.1Number of sites anticipated in the EEA35
    E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA
    E.8.6.1Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA Yes
    E.8.6.2Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA No
    E.8.6.3If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned
    China
    Japan
    Mexico
    Russian Federation
    Taiwan
    Turkey
    Ukraine
    United States
    Vietnam
    Bulgaria
    Italy
    Spain
    Argentina
    E.8.7Trial has a data monitoring committee Yes
    E.8.8 Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
    A participant is considered to have completed the study if he/she has completed all phases of the study, including the scheduled follow-up visit after the maintenance phase.

    The end of the study globally is defined as the date of the last visit of the last participant.
    Se considera que un paciente ha completado el estudio si ha completado todas las fases del estudio, incluyendo la visita de seguimiento programada después de la fase de mantenimiento.

    El fin del estudio a nivel global se define como la fecha de la última visita del último paciente.
    E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned years2
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned months11
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned days24
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial years3
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial months3
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial days19
    F. Population of Trial Subjects
    F.1 Age Range
    F.1.1Trial has subjects under 18 No
    F.1.1.1In Utero No
    F.1.1.2Preterm newborn infants (up to gestational age < 37 weeks) No
    F.1.1.3Newborns (0-27 days) No
    F.1.1.4Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) No
    F.1.1.5Children (2-11years) No
    F.1.1.6Adolescents (12-17 years) No
    F.1.2Adults (18-64 years) Yes
    F.1.2.1Number of subjects for this age range: 272
    F.1.3Elderly (>=65 years) Yes
    F.1.3.1Number of subjects for this age range: 1088
    F.2 Gender
    F.2.1Female Yes
    F.2.2Male Yes
    F.3 Group of trial subjects
    F.3.1Healthy volunteers No
    F.3.2Patients Yes
    F.3.3Specific vulnerable populations Yes
    F.3.3.1Women of childbearing potential not using contraception No
    F.3.3.2Women of child-bearing potential using contraception Yes
    F.3.3.3Pregnant women No
    F.3.3.4Nursing women No
    F.3.3.5Emergency situation No
    F.3.3.6Subjects incapable of giving consent personally No
    F.3.3.7Others No
    F.4 Planned number of subjects to be included
    F.4.1In the member state80
    F.4.2 For a multinational trial
    F.4.2.1In the EEA 250
    F.4.2.2In the whole clinical trial 1360
    F.5 Plans for treatment or care after the subject has ended the participation in the trial (if it is different from the expected normal treatment of that condition)
    None
    Ninguno
    G. Investigator Networks to be involved in the Trial
    N. Review by the Competent Authority or Ethics Committee in the country concerned
    N.Competent Authority Decision Authorised
    N.Date of Competent Authority Decision2021-11-18
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion of the trial applicationFavourable
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion: Reason(s) for unfavourable opinion
    N.Date of Ethics Committee Opinion2021-11-08
    P. End of Trial
    P.End of Trial StatusOngoing
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