Flag of the European Union EU Clinical Trials Register Help

Clinical trials

The European Union Clinical Trials Register   allows you to search for protocol and results information on:
  • interventional clinical trials that were approved in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) under the Clinical Trials Directive 2001/20/EC
  • clinical trials conducted outside the EU/EEA that are linked to European paediatric-medicine development

  • EU/EEA interventional clinical trials approved under or transitioned to the Clinical Trial Regulation 536/2014 are publicly accessible through the
    Clinical Trials Information System (CTIS).


    The EU Clinical Trials Register currently displays   44334   clinical trials with a EudraCT protocol, of which   7366   are clinical trials conducted with subjects less than 18 years old.   The register also displays information on   18700   older paediatric trials (in scope of Article 45 of the Paediatric Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006).

    Phase 1 trials conducted solely on adults and that are not part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP) are not publicly available (see Frequently Asked Questions ).  
     
    Examples: Cancer AND drug name. Pneumonia AND sponsor name.
    How to search [pdf]
    Search Tips: Under advanced search you can use filters for Country, Age Group, Gender, Trial Phase, Trial Status, Date Range, Rare Diseases and Orphan Designation. For these items you should use the filters and not add them to your search terms in the text field.
    Advanced Search: Search tools
     

    < Back to search results

    Download PDF

    Clinical Trial Results:
    A three-year, open-label extension study of subcutaneous secukinumab to evaluate the long-term efficacy, safety and tolerability in patients with active lupus nephritis

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2021-005772-19
    Trial protocol
    ES   IT   PT   SK   GR   HR  
    Global end of trial date
    23 Aug 2023

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    22 Aug 2024
    First version publication date
    22 Aug 2024
    Other versions

    Trial information

    Close Top of page
    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CAIN457Q12301E1
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT05232864
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Novartis Pharma AG
    Sponsor organisation address
    Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland,
    Public contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111, Novartis.email@Novartis.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111, Novartis.email@Novartis.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 Aug 2023
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    23 Aug 2023
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    23 Aug 2023
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The purpose of this open-label extension study was to provide treatment with Secukinumab for subjects who completed core study treatment in Study CAIN457Q12301 (NCT04181762), and to obtain further data on long-term efficacy, safety and tolerability of Secukinunab in patients with active lupus nephritis (LN).
    Protection of trial subjects
    The study was in compliance with the ethical principles derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. All the local regulatory requirements pertinent to safety of trial subjects were also followed during the conduct of the trial.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    22 Aug 2022
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Brazil: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Colombia: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czechia: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Guatemala: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Japan: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Philippines: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Portugal: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Slovakia: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Thailand: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Viet Nam: 7
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    31
    EEA total number of subjects
    7
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    31
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

    Close Top of page
    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    This study was conducted in 18 centers in 13 countries: Australia (1 site), Brazil (2 sites), Colombia (1 site), Czech Republic (2 sites), Guatemala (2 sites), Japan (2 sites), Korea (1 site), Republic of Philippines (1 site), Portugal (2 sites), Slovakia (Slovak Republic) (1 site), Spain (1 site), Thailand (1 site), Vietnam (1 site)

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Secukinumab 300 mg
    Arm description
    Patients who were on Secukinumab 300 mg in the Core Study (CAIN457Q12301) and continued treatment with Secukinumab 300 mg every four weeks in the Extension Study until study termination notification (maximum treatment exposure during the extension study: 281 days)
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Secukinumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    AIN457
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Secukinumab 300 mg solution for subcutaneous (s.c.) injection in a 2mL Pre-Filled Syringe (PFS)

    Arm title
    Placebo to Secukinumab 300 mg
    Arm description
    Patients who were on Placebo in the Core Study (CAIN457Q12301) and continued treatment with Secukinumab 300 mg every four weeks in the Extension Study until study termination notification (maximum treatment exposure during the extension study: 310 days)
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Secukinumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    AIN457
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Secukinumab 300 mg solution for subcutaneous (s.c.) injection in a 2mL Pre-Filled Syringe (PFS)

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Secukinumab 300 mg Placebo to Secukinumab 300 mg
    Started
    16
    15
    Completed
    0
    0
    Not completed
    16
    15
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    -
    1
         Study terminated by sponsor
    16
    14

    Baseline characteristics

    Close Top of page
    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Secukinumab 300 mg
    Reporting group description
    Patients who were on Secukinumab 300 mg in the Core Study (CAIN457Q12301) and continued treatment with Secukinumab 300 mg every four weeks in the Extension Study until study termination notification (maximum treatment exposure during the extension study: 281 days)

    Reporting group title
    Placebo to Secukinumab 300 mg
    Reporting group description
    Patients who were on Placebo in the Core Study (CAIN457Q12301) and continued treatment with Secukinumab 300 mg every four weeks in the Extension Study until study termination notification (maximum treatment exposure during the extension study: 310 days)

    Reporting group values
    Secukinumab 300 mg Placebo to Secukinumab 300 mg Total
    Number of subjects
    16 15 31
    Age Categorical
    Units: Participants
        < 30 years
    4 7 11
        >= 30 years
    12 8 20
    Age Continuous
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    35.6 ( 8.26 ) 30.6 ( 9.83 ) -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Participants
        Female
    14 14 28
        Male
    2 1 3
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    6 0 6
        Asian
    8 8 16
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0 0
        Black or African American
    0 1 1
        White
    2 6 8
        More than one race
    0 0 0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0 0 0

    End points

    Close Top of page
    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Secukinumab 300 mg
    Reporting group description
    Patients who were on Secukinumab 300 mg in the Core Study (CAIN457Q12301) and continued treatment with Secukinumab 300 mg every four weeks in the Extension Study until study termination notification (maximum treatment exposure during the extension study: 281 days)

    Reporting group title
    Placebo to Secukinumab 300 mg
    Reporting group description
    Patients who were on Placebo in the Core Study (CAIN457Q12301) and continued treatment with Secukinumab 300 mg every four weeks in the Extension Study until study termination notification (maximum treatment exposure during the extension study: 310 days)

    Primary: Percentage of participants achieving Complete Renal Response (CRR)

    Close Top of page
    End point title
    Percentage of participants achieving Complete Renal Response (CRR) [1]
    End point description
    Complete Renal Response (CRR) is a composite endpoint defined as: ● Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 or no less than 85% of core Baseline values and ● 24-hour Urine-to-Protein Creatinine Ratio (UPCR) =< 0.5mg/mg The glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation based on subject gender, age (years) and serum creatinine (mg/dL). Central laboratory serum creatinine values were used for all renal function data analysis. UPCR was determined by a central laboratory by dividing the protein concentration by the creatinine concentration as measured in the urine collected. UPCR was determined using one of the following two types of urine collection, 24-hour urine collection or first morning void urinary sample, both of which were collected in the subjects' home.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Up to 28 weeks: from enrollment in the extension study (Week 104E1) up to Week 132 or Early termination of the Extension Study. Study day is defined with respect to the core study.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Only descriptive statistics performed
    End point values
    Secukinumab 300 mg Placebo to Secukinumab 300 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    9
    9
    Units: Participants
        Week 104E1 (n = 9, 9)|Responder
    4
    5
        Week 132 (n = 6, 5)|Responder
    3
    5
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

    Close Top of page
    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    On-treatment adverse events and deaths were reported from first dose of study treatment in the Core Study up to 84 days after last dose of study medication in the Extension Study, assessed up to approximately 3 year.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Any sign or symptom that occurred during the conduct of the trial and safety follow-up. The Safety Set included all subjects who received at least one dose of study treatment in the extension trial.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    26.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo-AIN457 300 mg
    Reporting group description
    Placebo-AIN457 300 mg

    Reporting group title
    AIN457 300 mg
    Reporting group description
    AIN457 300 mg

    Serious adverse events
    Placebo-AIN457 300 mg AIN457 300 mg
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 15 (53.33%)
    4 / 16 (25.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Breast cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Cataract
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Endometriosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Drug-induced liver injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Bipolar disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Lupus nephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dengue fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea infectious
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endometritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyelonephritis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 2%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Placebo-AIN457 300 mg AIN457 300 mg
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 15 (100.00%)
    15 / 16 (93.75%)
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Fibrous histiocytoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Orthostatic hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Injection site pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Injection site bruising
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Influenza like illness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Chest discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Vaccination site pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Peripheral swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Immune system disorders
    Drug hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Heavy menstrual bleeding
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Endometriosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Vaginal discharge
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Ovarian cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Menstruation irregular
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hydrometra
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    0
    Nasal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    Sneezing
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Upper respiratory tract inflammation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    Irritability
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Mood swings
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Investigations
    Neutrophil count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    SARS-CoV-2 test positive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Lymphocyte count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Contusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Immunisation reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    0
    Joint dislocation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Ligament injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Limb injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Rib fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Vaccination complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    4
    Cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Intercostal neuralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Memory impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Migraine
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Tension headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Tremor
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 15 (20.00%)
    4 / 16 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    4
    Iron deficiency anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Lymphadenopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Eye disorders
    Cataract
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Dark circles under eyes
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Conjunctivitis allergic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Amaurosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Dry eye
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Keratitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Vision blurred
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Visual impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Mouth ulceration
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    Haemorrhoidal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Gingival hypertrophy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Gastrooesophageal reflux disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Enteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Dry mouth
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 15 (26.67%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    2
    Dental caries
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Aphthous ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Anal ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    7
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Toothache
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholestatic liver injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hepatic steatosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Urticaria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Skin ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Alopecia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    2
    Butterfly rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Chloasma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Dermatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Dermatitis allergic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hirsutism
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Nail disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Papule
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Rash erythematous
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Rash pruritic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Skin lesion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Skin plaque
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Lupus nephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Proteinuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Renal impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Urine abnormality
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Urine odour abnormal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Tenosynovitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 15 (20.00%)
    3 / 16 (18.75%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    3
    Arthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Musculoskeletal stiffness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Myositis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Neck pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Osteoarthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    Osteochondritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Asymptomatic bacteriuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Bacterial vaginosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    2 / 16 (12.50%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    Bacteriuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 15 (46.67%)
    5 / 16 (31.25%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    5
    Cystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Dacryocystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Dermatophytosis of nail
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    5 / 16 (31.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    5
    Helicobacter infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Gastrointestinal viral infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Gastrointestinal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Fungal foot infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    2
    Onychomycosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Oral fungal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Oral herpes
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Otitis media
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Paronychia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 15 (13.33%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Periodontitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Pharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 15 (20.00%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    Pharyngotonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Tooth abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 15 (26.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 15 (33.33%)
    4 / 16 (25.00%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    9
    Vaginal infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Varicella
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Viral infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Viral tonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Vulvovaginal mycotic infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Dyslipidaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Folate deficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hyperlipidaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hyperuricaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 15 (20.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    1
    Metabolic acidosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 15 (6.67%)
    0 / 16 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Metabolic syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Obesity
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Vitamin B12 deficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 15 (0.00%)
    1 / 16 (6.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1

    More information

    Close Top of page

    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

    European Medicines Agency © 1995-Fri May 02 18:51:05 CEST 2025 | Domenico Scarlattilaan 6, 1083 HS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    EMA HMA