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    Clinical Trial Results:
    An Open-Label, Multi-Center, Single-Dose Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics, and Pharmacokinetics of Nasal Glucagon in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Aged 1 to <4 years 

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2021-006088-61
    Trial protocol
    Outside EU/EEA  
    Global end of trial date
    05 Nov 2023

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    18 May 2024
    First version publication date
    18 May 2024
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    I8R-MC-IGBO
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT04992312
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    Trial Number: 17449
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Eli Lilly and Company
    Sponsor organisation address
    Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 46285
    Public contact
    Available Mon ‐ Fri 9 AM ‐ 5 PM EST, Eli Lilly and Company, 1 877‐CTLilly,
    Scientific contact
    Available Mon ‐ Fri 9 AM ‐ 5 PM EST, Eli Lilly and Company, 1 877‐285‐4559,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    Yes
    EMA paediatric investigation plan number(s)
    EMEA-001657-PIP01-14
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    Yes
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    05 Nov 2023
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    05 Nov 2023
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a study drug called nasal glucagon (Baqsimi) in pediatric participants with type 1 diabetes (T1D) aged 1 to less than 4 years. Blood tests will be performed to check how much nasal glucagon gets into the bloodstream. Blood sugar will also be measured to understand the effect of the drug on blood sugar levels. The study consists of a screening period up to 35 days before dosing, 1 day when a dose of nasal glucagon will be given and then 2 telephone follow up calls; first follow-up call on the day after the nasal glucagon was given and second call about one week after nasal glucagon was given. The study will last up to 9 days, not including the screening period.
    Protection of trial subjects
    This study was conducted in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice, and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, in addition to following the laws and regulations of the country or countries in which a study is conducted.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    24 Mar 2022
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 7
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    7
    EEA total number of subjects
    0
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    1
    Children (2-11 years)
    6
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    0
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    No Text Available

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    No Text Available

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    3 milligram (mg) nasal glucagon
    Arm description
    Participants received a single dose of 3 mg glucagon powder administered intranasally on day 1.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    nasal glucagon
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Baqsimi
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Nasal powder in single-dose container
    Routes of administration
    Intranasal use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received a single dose of 3 mg glucagon powder administered intranasally on day 1.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    3 milligram (mg) nasal glucagon
    Started
    7
    received at least one dose of study drug
    7
    Completed
    7

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall Study
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Overall Study Total
    Number of subjects
    7 7
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.98 ( 0.82 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    3 3
        Male
    4 4
    Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    1 1
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    6 6
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0 0
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    0 0
        Asian
    0 0
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0
        Black or African American
    0 0
        White
    7 7
        More than one race
    0 0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0 0
    Region of Enrollment
    Units: Subjects
        United States
    7 7
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    Participants received a single dose of 3 mg glucagon powder administered intranasally on day 1.

    Subject analysis sets values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects
    7
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.98 ( 0.82 )
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    3
        Male
    4
    Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    1
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    6
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    0
        Asian
    0
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0
        Black or African American
    0
        White
    7
        More than one race
    0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0
    Region of Enrollment
    Units: Subjects
        United States
    7

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    3 milligram (mg) nasal glucagon
    Reporting group description
    Participants received a single dose of 3 mg glucagon powder administered intranasally on day 1.

    Subject analysis set title
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    Participants received a single dose of 3 mg glucagon powder administered intranasally on day 1.

    Primary: Number of Participants with One or More Treatment-Emergent Adverse Event(s) (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Event(s) (SAEs) Considered by the Investigator to be Related to Study Drug Administration

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    End point title
    Number of Participants with One or More Treatment-Emergent Adverse Event(s) (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Event(s) (SAEs) Considered by the Investigator to be Related to Study Drug Administration [1]
    End point description
    A TEAE is defined as an adverse event which occurs post-dose or which is present prior to dosing and becomes more severe post-dose. An SAE is any AE from the study that results in 1 of the following: Death, initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization, a life-threatening experience (i.e., immediate risk of dying), persistent or significant disability/incapacity, congenital anomaly/birth defect, important medical events that may not be immediately life-threatening or result in death or hospitalization but may jeopardize the subject or may require intervention to prevent 1 of the other outcomes listed in the definition above. The number of participants with one or more TEAEs, SAEs considered by the investigator to be related to study drug administration is reported here. A summary of SAEs and other non-serious AEs, regardless of causality is located in the Reported Adverse Events section of this record.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline to Day 9
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No inferential statistics were planned for this endpoint.
    End point values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects analysed
    7 [2]
    Units: participants
        TEAEs
    5
        SAEs
    0
    Notes
    [2] - All participants who received at least one dose of study drug.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Pharmacodynamics (PD): Change From Baseline in Maximum Observed Blood Glucose (BGmax)

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    End point title
    Pharmacodynamics (PD): Change From Baseline in Maximum Observed Blood Glucose (BGmax)
    End point description
    Change from baseline in BGmax was measured to investigate the PD effect of nasal glucagon on blood glucose level following 3 mg nasal glucagon administration on day 1. Baseline is defined as Day 1 pre-dose. The BGmax on Day 1 was determined using plasma samples collected pre-dose, 10, 30, 60, and 90 minutes post nasal glucagon dose.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 1 (pre-dose, 10, 30, 60, 90 minutes post-dose)
    End point values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects analysed
    7 [3]
    Units: milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    132.4 ( 52.4 )
    Notes
    [3] - All participants who received at least one dose of study drug and had evaluable PD data.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: PD: Absolute BGmax of Nasal Glucagon

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    End point title
    PD: Absolute BGmax of Nasal Glucagon
    End point description
    PD: Absolute BGmax of Nasal Glucagon
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 (Pre-dose, 10, 30, 60, 90 minutes post-dose)
    End point values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects analysed
    7 [4]
    Units: mg/dL
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    242.1 ( 46 )
    Notes
    [4] - All participants who received at least one dose of study drug and had evaluable PD data.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: PD: Time of Maximum Observed Blood Glucose (TBGmax) of Nasal Glucagon

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    End point title
    PD: Time of Maximum Observed Blood Glucose (TBGmax) of Nasal Glucagon
    End point description
    PD: TBGmax of Nasal Glucagon
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 (Pre-dose, 10, 30, 60, 90 minutes post-dose)
    End point values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects analysed
    7 [5]
    Units: minutes
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    55.6 ( 20.9 )
    Notes
    [5] - All participants who received at least one dose of study drug and had evaluable PD data.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: PD: Area Under the Concentration Versus Time Curve (AUC) of Blood Glucose

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    End point title
    PD: Area Under the Concentration Versus Time Curve (AUC) of Blood Glucose
    End point description
    AUC from time 0 to the last measured concentration of blood glucose at 90 minutes [AUC(0-90)] is reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 (Pre-dose, 10, 30, 60, 90 minutes post-dose)
    End point values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects analysed
    7 [6]
    Units: milligram*minute per deciliter (mg*m/dL)
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    18200 ( 3000 )
    Notes
    [6] - All participants who received at least one dose of study drug and had evaluable PD data.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Pharmacokinetics (PK): AUC of Nasal Glucagon

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    End point title
    Pharmacokinetics (PK): AUC of Nasal Glucagon
    End point description
    Geometric coefficient of variation value given in percentage.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 (10, 30, 60 min post-dose)
    End point values
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Number of subjects analysed
    7 [7]
    Units: picogram*hour per milliliter (pg*hr/mL)
        geometric mean (geometric coefficient of variation)
    1560 ( 25.3 )
    Notes
    [7] - All participants who received at least one dose of study drug and had evaluable PK data.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Baseline to Day 9
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    All participants who received at least one dose of study drug.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    24.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Reporting group description
    Participants received a single dose of 3 mg glucagon powder administered intranasally on day 1.

    Serious adverse events
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 7 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    3 mg nasal glucagon
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 7 (71.43%)
    Eye disorders
    eye pruritus
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    abdominal discomfort
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    vomiting
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    nausea
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    post-tussive vomiting
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    dyspepsia
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    epistaxis
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    sneezing
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    nasal discomfort
    alternative dictionary used: MedDRA 24.0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 7 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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