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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo- and Active-Comparator Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Inclisiran as Monotherapy in Patients with Primary Hypercholesterolemia Not Receiving Lipid-Lowering Therapy (VictORION-Mono)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2022-001109-29
    Trial protocol
    HU   DE  
    Global end of trial date
    20 Jun 2024

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    03 Jul 2025
    First version publication date
    03 Jul 2025
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CKJX839D12304
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT05763875
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Novartis Pharma AG
    Sponsor organisation address
    Novartis Campus, Basel, Switzerland,
    Public contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111, Novartis.email@Novartis.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Disclosure Office, Novartis Pharma AG, 41 613241111, Novartis.email@Novartis.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    20 Jun 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    20 Jun 2024
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    • To demonstrate the superiority of inclisiran as monotherapy, compared with placebo, in reducing LDL-C as measured by percentage change from baseline to Day 150 • To demonstrate the superiority of inclisiran as monotherapy, compared with ezetimibe, in reducing LDL-C as measured by percentage change from baseline to Day 150
    Protection of trial subjects
    The study was in compliance with the ethical principles derived from the Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. All the local regulatory requirements pertinent to safety of trial subjects were also followed during the conduct of the trial.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    15 Mar 2023
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Colombia: 20
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Mexico: 30
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 236
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 62
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 2
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    350
    EEA total number of subjects
    64
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    337
    From 65 to 84 years
    13
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Participants were enrolled at 42 investigative sites in 5 countries

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    There was a 14 day screening period

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Carer, Data analyst, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Inclisiran
    Arm description
    Inclisiran s.c and Placebo p.o
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Matching placebo for Ezetimibe
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    0mg over-encapsulated placebo tablet taken once a day

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Inclisiran
    Investigational medicinal product code
    KJX839
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    284 mg (equivalent to 300 mg inclisiran sodium) subcutaneous injection given on Day 1 and Day 90

    Arm title
    Ezetimibe
    Arm description
    Placebo s.c. and Ezetimibe p.o.
    Arm type
    Active comparator

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Matching placebo for Inclisiran
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    0mg placebo injection solution for subcutaneous injection on Day 1 and Day 90

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Ezetimibe
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    10 mg over-encapsulated tablet taken once a day

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Placebo s.c. and Placebo p.o.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Matching placebo for EzetimIbe
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    0mg over-encapsulated placebo tablet taken once a day

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Matching placebo for Inclisiran
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    0mg placebo injection solution for subcutaneous injection on Day 1 and Day 90

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Started
    174
    89
    87
    Completed
    164
    86
    84
    Not completed
    10
    3
    3
         Subject decision
    5
    2
    1
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
    -
    -
         Lost to follow-up
    4
    1
    2

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Inclisiran
    Reporting group description
    Inclisiran s.c and Placebo p.o

    Reporting group title
    Ezetimibe
    Reporting group description
    Placebo s.c. and Ezetimibe p.o.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo s.c. and Placebo p.o.

    Reporting group values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    174 89 87 350
    Age Categorical
    Units: participants
        <=18 years
    0 0 0 0
        Between 18 and 65 years
    168 86 83 337
        >=65 years
    6 3 4 13
    Age Continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    45.7 ( 11.74 ) 46.3 ( 10.90 ) 46.7 ( 11.55 ) -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Participants
        Female
    104 56 59 219
        Male
    70 33 28 131
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    10 10 9 29
        Asian
    0 1 0 1
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0 0 0
        Black or African American
    20 7 10 37
        White
    140 71 67 278
        More than one race
    4 0 1 5
        Unknown or Not Reported
    0 0 0 0
    Baseline Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)
    Units: mg/dL
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    135.8 ( 27.01 ) 134.4 ( 25.82 ) 135.4 ( 28.69 ) -

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Inclisiran
    Reporting group description
    Inclisiran s.c and Placebo p.o

    Reporting group title
    Ezetimibe
    Reporting group description
    Placebo s.c. and Ezetimibe p.o.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo s.c. and Placebo p.o.

    Primary: Percentage change in Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Percentage change in Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Percentage change in LDL-C from Baseline (day 1) to Day 150, Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: Percentage change from baseline
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -46.54 (-50.20 to -42.88)
    -11.17 (-15.34 to -7.00)
    1.37 (-3.07 to 5.80)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -49.37 (-52.76 to -45.97)
    -11.92 (-15.87 to -7.98)
    -1.53 (-2.97 to 6.03)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison inclisiran vs ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -35.37
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -40.88
         upper limit
    -29.86
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -47.91
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -53.62
         upper limit
    -42.2
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison inclisiran vs ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -37.44
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -42.63
         upper limit
    -32.26
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -50.9
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -56.51
         upper limit
    -45.28

    Secondary: Absolute change in LDL-C from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Absolute change in LDL-C from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Absolute change in LDL-C from Baseline (Day 1) to Day 150, Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: mg/dL
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -64.86 (-69.27 to -60.46)
    -17.55 (-22.53 to -12.57)
    -1.29 (-6.40 to 3.82)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -68.57 (-72.59 to -64.56)
    -18.52 (-23.16 to -13.89)
    -1.07 (-6.32 to 4.19)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -47.37
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -53.91
         upper limit
    -40.72
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -50.05
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -56.16
         upper limit
    -43.94
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -67.51
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -74.09
         upper limit
    -60.92
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -63.57
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -70.28
         upper limit
    -56.87

    Secondary: Percentage change in Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Percentage change in Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9) from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Percentage change in PCSK9 from Baseline (Day 1) to Day 150 , Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monoherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    172
    89
    87
    Units: Percentage change from baseline
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -67.12 (-73.21 to -61.03)
    6.04 (-0.10 to 12.18)
    7.82 (0.35 to 15.29)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -71.31 (-76.73 to -65.89)
    5.56 (-0.67 to 11.79)
    8.16 (0.59 to 15.74)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -73.16
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -81.76
         upper limit
    -64.56
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    259
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -79.47
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -88.77
         upper limit
    -70.17
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -76.87
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -85.12
         upper limit
    -68.62
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    259
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -74.94
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -84.51
         upper limit
    -65.37

    Secondary: Percentage change in non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (non-HDL-C) from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Percentage change in non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (non-HDL-C) from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Percentage change in non-HDL-C from Baseline (Day 1) to Day 150, Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: Percentage change from baseline
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -40.45 (-43.50 to -37.40)
    -9.97 (-13.34 to -6.61)
    1.88 (-2.75 to 6.50)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -42.82 (-45.62 to -40.02)
    -10.84 (-13.84 to -7.84)
    2.04 (-2.63 to 6.71)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -30.48
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -34.98
         upper limit
    -25.98
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -44.86
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -50.28
         upper limit
    -39.44
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Exetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -31.98
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -36.07
         upper limit
    -27.89
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -42.32
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -47.83
         upper limit
    -36.82

    Secondary: Percentage change in Total Cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Percentage change in Total Cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Percentage change in total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio from Baseline (Day 1) to Day 150 , Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: Percentage change from baseline
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -31.54 (-35.43 to -27.65)
    -6.70 (-10.61 to -2.78)
    2.31 (-4.05 to 8.68)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -33.56 (-37.32 to -29.79)
    -6.98 (-10.99 to -2.97)
    2.51 (-3.90 to 8.91)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -24.84
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -30.32
         upper limit
    -19.36
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -33.85
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -41.27
         upper limit
    -26.44
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -26.58
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -32.07
         upper limit
    -21.09
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -36.06
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -43.46
         upper limit
    -28.67

    Secondary: Percentage change in Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Percentage change in Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Percentage change in Apo B from Baseline (Day 1) to Day 150, Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: Percentage change from baseline
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -37.39 (-40.25 to -34.54)
    -8.41 (-11.71 to -5.12)
    -0.73 (-4.18 to 2.72)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -39.36 (-42.00 to -36.72)
    -9.20 (-12.13 to -6.28)
    -0.58 (-4.07 to 2.90)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -28.98
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -33.3
         upper limit
    -24.65
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -36.66
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -41.1
         upper limit
    -32.22
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -30.16
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -34.08
         upper limit
    -26.23
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -38.78
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -43.12
         upper limit
    -34.43

    Secondary: Percentage change in Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Percentage change in Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Percentage change in Apo B/Apo A-1 ratio from baseline (Day 1) to Day 150, Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: Percentage change from baseline
    least squares mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    -37.79 (-43.03 to -32.55)
    -7.55 (-11.74 to -3.36)
    -2.65 (-5.69 to 0.39)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    -40.03 (-45.25 to -34.82)
    -7.69 (-12.00 to -3.37)
    -2.65 (-5.81 to 0.50)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -30.24
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -36.92
         upper limit
    -23.57
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -37.38
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -43.44
         upper limit
    -31.31
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    263
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -32.34
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -39.1
         upper limit
    -25.59
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Mean Difference
    Point estimate
    -35.15
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -41.18
         upper limit
    -29.12

    Secondary: Change in Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] from Baseline to Day 150

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    End point title
    Change in Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] from Baseline to Day 150
    End point description
    Day 150 / Baseline ratio in Lp(a) in Inclisiran arm versus Ezetimibe and placebo. There were two estimands of interest in comparing efficacy of inclisiran as monotherapy against that of placebo or ezetimibe: a "Monotherapy Estimand" and a "Treament-policy Estimand". Both differ on the treatment of interest used for each estimand as follows: - Monotherapy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) - Treatment-policy Estimand: Inclisiran as monotherapy compared to the use of comparator (placebo or ezetimibe) with or without other lipid lowering therapies (LLTs) added during the study. Due to right-skewness of Lp(a), the endpoint was analyzed by modeling the change in logarithm of Lp(a) from baseline to Day 150. The least squares estimates from the model, when transformed back using exponential function, were expressed in Day150/baseline ratio of Lp(a).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline, Day 150
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    173
    88
    87
    Units: Ratio from baseline
    geometric mean (confidence interval 95%)
        LS Mean (Treatment Policy estimand)
    0.690 (0.611 to 0.780)
    0.911 (0.830 to 1.000)
    0.923 (0.803 to 1.060)
        LS Mean (Monotherapy estimand)
    0.687 (0.612 to 0.722)
    0.912 (0.836 to 0.95)
    0.922 (0.800 to 1.062)
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    = 0.0002
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Geometric Mean
    Point estimate
    0.757
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.65
         upper limit
    0.882
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    260
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    = 0.0008
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Geometric Mean
    Point estimate
    0.746
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.622
         upper limit
    0.893
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs Ezetimbe
    Statistical analysis description
    Monotherapy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Ezetimibe
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    261
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    < 0.0001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LG Geometric Mean
    Point estimate
    0.753
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.652
         upper limit
    0.871
    Statistical analysis title
    Comparison Inclisiran vs placebo
    Statistical analysis description
    Treatment Policy Estimand
    Comparison groups
    Inclisiran v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    260
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    = 0.001
    Method
    ANCOVA
    Parameter type
    LS Geometric Mean
    Point estimate
    0.748
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.622
         upper limit
    0.898

    Secondary: Incidence of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE)

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    End point title
    Incidence of Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE)
    End point description
    Incidence of TEAEs (regardless of seriousness) and SAEs by treatment group, including changes in laboratory results qualifying and reported as AEs.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From first dose of study treatment on Day 1 up to Day 180
    End point values
    Inclisiran Ezetimibe Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    174
    89
    87
    Units: Participants
        AEs
    54
    27
    25
        Treatment related AEs (Inclisiran/ placebo)
    11
    4
    0
        Treatment related AEs (ezetimibe/placebo)
    3
    2
    2
        SAEs
    1
    0
    0
        Treatment related SAEs (inclisiran/placebo)
    0
    0
    0
        Treatment related SAEs (ezetimibe/placebo)
    0
    0
    0
        Fatal SAEs
    0
    0
    0
        AEs leading to discontinuation of inclisiran/pbo
    3
    0
    0
        AEs leading to discontinuation of ezetimibe/pbo
    4
    0
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From first dose of study treatment on Day 1 up to Day 180
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    27.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Inclisiran
    Reporting group description
    Inclisiran

    Reporting group title
    Total
    Reporting group description
    Total

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Placebo

    Reporting group title
    Ezetimibe
    Reporting group description
    Ezetimibe

    Serious adverse events
    Inclisiran Total Placebo Ezetimibe
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 174 (0.57%)
    1 / 350 (0.29%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    0 / 89 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Femur fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 174 (0.57%)
    1 / 350 (0.29%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    0 / 89 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 2%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Inclisiran Total Placebo Ezetimibe
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 174 (10.92%)
    50 / 350 (14.29%)
    13 / 87 (14.94%)
    18 / 89 (20.22%)
    Investigations
    Blood pressure increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 174 (0.57%)
    3 / 350 (0.86%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    0
    2
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 174 (0.00%)
    3 / 350 (0.86%)
    1 / 87 (1.15%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    1
    2
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 174 (0.57%)
    4 / 350 (1.14%)
    2 / 87 (2.30%)
    1 / 89 (1.12%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    4
    2
    1
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 174 (3.45%)
    6 / 350 (1.71%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    0 / 89 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    6
    0
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 174 (1.15%)
    5 / 350 (1.43%)
    2 / 87 (2.30%)
    1 / 89 (1.12%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    6
    3
    1
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 174 (1.15%)
    4 / 350 (1.14%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    4
    0
    2
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Hypertonic bladder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 174 (0.00%)
    2 / 350 (0.57%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    0
    2
    Infections and infestations
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 174 (0.57%)
    6 / 350 (1.71%)
    3 / 87 (3.45%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    6
    3
    2
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 174 (1.15%)
    4 / 350 (1.14%)
    0 / 87 (0.00%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    5
    0
    2
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 174 (3.45%)
    12 / 350 (3.43%)
    3 / 87 (3.45%)
    3 / 89 (3.37%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    15
    4
    3
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 174 (1.15%)
    5 / 350 (1.43%)
    1 / 87 (1.15%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    6
    1
    3
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 174 (1.72%)
    7 / 350 (2.00%)
    2 / 87 (2.30%)
    2 / 89 (2.25%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    7
    2
    2

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    08 Feb 2023
    The study protocol was amended once prior to first participant first visit. • This amendment incorporated continued efforts to measure endpoints for all participants until Day 180, even for those who prematurely discontinued study treatment, to avoid missing data. • Included a “Treatment-policy Estimand” that assessed the efficacy of inclisiran in LDL-C lowering irrespective of the addition of other LLTs, in parallel to the original estimand, referred to as “Monotherapy Estimand”. • Included additional guidance for the Investigator on lifestyle instructions to be given to the participants as recommended by the 2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease (Arnett et al 2019). • Updated discontinuation from study treatment criteria to provide additional guidance to the Investigator on specific reasons for discontinuation of study treatment, including liver enzyme elevation and CK criteria, severe and persistent (> 14 days despite appropriatetreatment) reactions at the injection site and any anaphylactic reactions, and intolerable adverse events. • To avoid unnecessary study treatment discontinuations, the action taken in response to addition of other LLTs had been updated so that study treatment was not automatically discontinued when other LLTs were taken after randomization (except for those targeting PCSK9, and RNAi-based therapies).

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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