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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Perioperative Ödemtherapie mit Bromelain nach Weisheitszahnosteotomien – Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit in Abhängigkeit von unterschiedlichen Dosierungen (Dosisfindungsstudie) Perioperative oedema therapy with bromelain after extraction of wisdom teeth – Test for efficacy as a function of different doses (dose-finding study)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2009-015804-24
    Trial protocol
    DE  
    Global end of trial date
    01 Aug 2014

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    04 Jul 2016
    First version publication date
    13 Aug 2015
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    Synopsis BRODOS09

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    BRODOS09
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Ursapharm Arzneimittel GmbH
    Sponsor organisation address
    Industriestraße 35, Saarbrücken, Germany, 66129
    Public contact
    Dr. Peter Meiser Ursapharm Arzneimittel GmbH Industriestraße 35 66129 Saarbrücken, Germany , Ursapharm Arzneimittel GmbH Industriestraße 35 66129 Saarbrücken, Germany , 0049 (0)6805 9292105, p.meiser@ursapharm.de
    Scientific contact
    Dr. Peter Meiser Ursapharm Arzneimittel GmbH Industriestraße 35 66129 Saarbrücken, Germany , Ursapharm Arzneimittel GmbH Industriestraße 35 66129 Saarbrücken, Germany , 0049 (0)6805 9292105, p.meiser@ursapharm.de
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    22 Jul 2015
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    01 Aug 2014
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist die Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit von Bromelain in unterschiedlichen Dosierungen unter standardisierten Bedingungen bei der operativen Weisheitszahnentfernung. The objective of this investigation is to test the efficacy of bromelain at different doses under standardised conditions for preventing oedema after the operative extraction of wisdom teeth.
    Protection of trial subjects
    No invasive interventions beyond the performed surgery were undertaken. Patients were allowed to take the analgesic paracetamol. In case of severe pain, prescription of paracetamol and codeine tablets as rescue medication was possible.
    Background therapy
    Paracetamol tablets were provided as analgesic therapy for all treatment arms. In case of severe pain, prescription of paracetamol and codeine tablets as rescue medication was possible.
    Evidence for comparator
    Placebo was used as comparator for each individual tested (cross-over-design)
    Actual start date of recruitment
    01 Oct 2010
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 75
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    75
    EEA total number of subjects
    75
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    17
    Adults (18-64 years)
    58
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Patients that were planed to undergo wisdom teeth extraction at MHH were continuesly screened for inclusion into the trial.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Altogether 94 patients were assessed for eligibility for inclusion into the trial. Suitable patients had to have four fully retained molars in positions 18, 28, 38 and 48, and had to accept the additional effort required for conduct of the study.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P.
    Arm description
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo
    Arm type
    Cross-over Experimental-Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Bromelain
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Gastro-resistant tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The preparations (Bromelain-POS and/or placebo, total of 3 tablets three times daily) should be taken with some liquid approx. 30 minutes before the main meals (morning, midday and evening).

    Arm title
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P.
    Arm description
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo
    Arm type
    Experimental - Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Bromelain
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Gastro-resistant tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    3 tablets three times daily (total of 9 tablets/day) with some liquid approx. 30 minutes before the main meals. Duration of treatment: 9 days, start on day before wisdom teeth surgery

    Arm title
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Arm description
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo
    Arm type
    Experimental - Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Bromelain
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Gastro-resistant tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    The preparations (Bromelain-POS and/or placebo, total of 3 tablets three times daily) should be taken with some liquid approx. 30 minutes before the main meals (morning, midday and evening).

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Started
    25
    24
    26
    Completed
    25
    24
    26

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo

    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo

    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo

    Reporting group values
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P. Total
    Number of subjects
    25 24 26 75
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    5 6 6 17
        Adults (18-64 years)
    20 18 20 58
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    16 13 19 48
        Male
    9 11 7 27

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo

    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo

    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P., cross-over against Placebo

    Subject analysis set title
    Dose-dependency Bromelain 1000 vs. Bromelain 3000 + 4500
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Comparison of treatment arm Bromelain 1000 vs treatment arm Bromelain 3000 + treatment arm 4500 F.I.P. This comparison aimed at a proof of a dose-dependent efficacy of bromelain-treatment and resembled the primary hypothesis of this study. For the primary hypothesis both higher treatment groups are pooled and compared to the lowest dose. The number of subjects included into this subject analysis set thus results from the number of subjects included into arms 1-3 (n = 75).

    Primary: Extent of swelling of the cheeks over time (AUC)

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    End point title
    Extent of swelling of the cheeks over time (AUC)
    End point description
    For each dose group the average of the differences in AUC with Bromelain and Placebo is calculated. The global primary hypothesis intends to show a dose-response relationship of Bromelain. This is demonstrated if the estimated therapeutic effect from the pooled treatment groups 2 and 3 (3000 and 4500 F.I.P.) is greater than that of treatment 1 (1000 F.I.P.). Dose-response relationship is given as subject analysis set. Standard deviations are given for Bromelain treatment and thus do not refer to the mean values of the differences observed between bromelain and placebo treatment!
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Extent of swelling of the cheeks over time measured as difference in AUC postoperatively on examination days 2, 4 and 7 in comparison to the baseline. The difference per patient in AUC is determined as AUC Bromelain – AUC Placebo.
    End point values
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P. Dose-dependency Bromelain 1000 vs. Bromelain 3000 + 4500
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    24
    26
    75
    Units: mL
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -10 ( 26.71 )
    -2.31 ( 35.97 )
    -16.44 ( 28.9 )
    0.48 ( 34.85 )
    Statistical analysis title
    Extent of swelling of the cheeks - AUC
    Statistical analysis description
    The therapeutic effect (as difference to placebo) is estimated for each dose group through the crossover study design. In an ordered system of hypotheses, it will be first tested whether there is a dose-response relationship. The dose-response relationship is demonstrated if the estimated therapeutic effect from the pooled treatment groups 2 and 3 is greater than that of treatment 1.
    Comparison groups
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P. v Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. v Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. v Dose-dependency Bromelain 1000 vs. Bromelain 3000 + 4500
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    150
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    < 0.05
    Method
    ANOVA
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -
         upper limit
    -
    Variability estimate
    Standard deviation

    Secondary: Pain

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    End point title
    Pain
    End point description
    For each dose group the average of the differences in mm (VAS) with Bromelain and Placebo is calculated. Standard deviations are given for Bromelain treatment and thus do not refer to the mean values of the differences observed between bromelain and placebo treatment!
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Pain was assessed postoperatively on examination days 2, 4 and 7 in comparison to the baseline by use of a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The difference per patient in mm is determined as mm Bromelain – mm Placebo.
    End point values
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    24
    26
    Units: mm
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -1.03 ( 5.46 )
    -0.7 ( 8.74 )
    -0.1 ( 6.8 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Max swelling of the cheeks

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    End point title
    Max swelling of the cheeks
    End point description
    For each dose group the average of the differences in ml with Bromelain and Placebo is calculated. Standard deviations are given for Bromelain treatment and thus do not refer to the mean values of the differences observed between bromelain and placebo treatment!
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Maximal swelling of the cheeks measured as difference in ml in comparison to the baseline. The difference per patient in ml is determined as ml Bromelain – ml Placebo.
    End point values
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    24
    26
    Units: ml
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -3.13 ( 8.62 )
    0.18 ( 11.54 )
    -4.04 ( 9.9 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Use of analgetics

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    End point title
    Use of analgetics
    End point description
    For each dose group the average of the differences in the number of paracetamol tablets used with Bromelain and Placebo is calculated. Standard deviations are given for Bromelain treatment and thus do not refer to the mean values of the differences observed between bromelain and placebo treatment!
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Number of paracetamol tablets used postoperatively until examination day 7.
    End point values
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Number of subjects analysed
    25
    24
    26
    Units: Number of paracetamol tablets used
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    -0.05 ( 8.13 )
    -0.67 ( 8.06 )
    -1.46 ( 8.15 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events were assessed by the investigators at all visits.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    Adverse events also had to be reported by the patient by use of a daily questionnaire. Patients were encouraged to report on adverse events after finishing the respective treatment blocks.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    18.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P.

    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 3000 F.I.P.

    Reporting group title
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.
    Reporting group description
    Bromelain 4500 F.I.P.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P. Placebo
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Bromelain 1000 F.I.P. Bromelain 3000 F.I.P. Bromelain 4500 F.I.P. Placebo
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 25 (72.00%)
    6 / 24 (25.00%)
    5 / 26 (19.23%)
    24 / 75 (32.00%)
    Investigations
    Body temperature increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    1
    Cardiac disorders
    Palpitations
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    0
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 25 (12.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    3 / 75 (4.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    0
    0
    3
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Feeling cold
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    0
    Discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    sleep disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    External ear pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    5 / 75 (6.67%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    2
    7
    abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    2 / 75 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    1
    2
    Hypoaesthesia oral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    0
    0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 26 (3.85%)
    2 / 75 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    1
    2
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    2
    Reflux gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    1 / 75 (1.33%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Skin burning sensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    0
    0
    pimples
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 25 (0.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    2 / 75 (2.67%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    0
    0
    3
    Psychiatric disorders
    Disorientation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 25 (4.00%)
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    0 / 26 (0.00%)
    0 / 75 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    0
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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