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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Efficacy and safety of Euminz® (10% ethanolic solution of peppermint oil for topical use) compared to placebo in patients with episodic tension-type headache (ETTH)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2011-004777-89
    Trial protocol
    DE  
    Global end of trial date
    15 Sep 2015

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    22 May 2025
    First version publication date
    22 May 2025
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CAS/B/016611
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Cassella-med GmbH & Co. KG
    Sponsor organisation address
    Gereonsmuehlengasse 1, Cologne, Germany, 50670
    Public contact
    Clinical Operations, Cassella-med GmbH & Co.KG, clinical.operations@klosterfrau.de
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Operations, Cassella-med GmbH & Co.KG, clinical.operations@klosterfrau.de
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    27 Sep 2016
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    15 Sep 2015
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    15 Sep 2015
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The main objective of this prospective, multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IV clinical trial is to demonstrate the efficacy of Euminz to reduce the intensity of headaches symptoms after topical use during episodic headache attack experienced by patients with episodic tension-type headache.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Each subject was fully informed of all aspects of the study and provided informed consent prior to start of any study procedures. Subjects could withdraw from treatment at any time and for any reason. No specific additional measures were required to minimize distress given the nature of study.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    15 Feb 2013
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 209
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    209
    EEA total number of subjects
    209
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    190
    From 65 to 84 years
    19
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Adult subjects were recruited in Clinical Complementary and Integrative Medicine Charité University and Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Germany from 15th February 2013 until 15th September 2015.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Subjects were eligible for inclusion, if the main criteria were met: - signed and dated Informed Consent; - history of ETTH for at least one year and number of days per month with ETTH ≥2

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Euminz
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    peppermint oil
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Cutaneous liquid
    Routes of administration
    Cutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    At onset of a headache episode, when the intensity was assessed at least as moderate (3 on VPRS), the patient had to apply the IMP solution as broad bands on the temples and forehead to a skin area of about 100 to 140 cm2. In case of pericranial tenderness and neck pain the patient had to apply the IMP solution also on the neck. Application was to be repeated after 15 and 30 minutes, and if necessary after 45 and 60 minutes. Thus, 3 to 5 applications during one headache episode were allowed. Before each application, changes were to be recorded in the headache documentation form.

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Cutaneous solution
    Routes of administration
    Cutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    At onset of a headache episode, when the intensity was assessed at least as moderate (3 on VPRS), the patient had to apply the IMP solution as broad bands on the temples and forehead to a skin area of about 100 to 140 cm2. In case of pericranial tenderness and neck pain the patient had to apply the IMP solution also on the neck. Application was to be repeated after 15 and 30 minutes, and if necessary after 45 and 60 minutes. Thus, 3 to 5 applications during one headache episode were allowed. Before each application, changes were to be recorded in the headache documentation form.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Euminz Placebo
    Started
    105
    104
    Completed
    90
    89
    Not completed
    15
    15
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    3
    5
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    4
    1
         Lost to follow-up
    6
    5
         Protocol deviation
    1
    1
         Lack of efficacy
    1
    3

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Euminz
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Euminz Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    105 104 209
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    0
        From 65-84 years
    0
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (full range (min-max))
    45 (18 to 78) 47 (18 to 75) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    79 78 157
        Male
    26 26 52
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    ITT
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The ITT set consists of all patients who were randomized and applied at least one dose of study medication.

    Subject analysis set title
    FAS
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The FAS consists of all patients in the ITT set with at least one evaluable headache episode.

    Subject analysis sets values
    ITT FAS
    Number of subjects
    209
    189
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
        Newborns (0-27 days)
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
        Children (2-11 years)
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
        Adults (18-64 years)
        From 65-84 years
        85 years and over
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (full range (min-max))
    46 (18 to 78)
    44.5 (18 to 78)
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    157
    146
        Male
    52
    43

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Euminz
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    -

    Subject analysis set title
    ITT
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The ITT set consists of all patients who were randomized and applied at least one dose of study medication.

    Subject analysis set title
    FAS
    Subject analysis set type
    Full analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    The FAS consists of all patients in the ITT set with at least one evaluable headache episode.

    Primary: VPRS responder rate for the first documented HE

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    End point title
    VPRS responder rate for the first documented HE
    End point description
    VPRS responder rate for the first documented HE. A responder was defined as a patient whose baseline value (VPRS0) was ≥3 and who reached a VPRS-value after treatment (VPRS1 at 120 min or LOCF) of ≤1. If the first documented HE was terminated due to inefficacy, the patient was to be rated as non-responder even if another HE was documented.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    First documented HE between V1 and V2
    End point values
    Euminz Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    94 [1]
    95 [2]
    Units: number of patients
    37
    28
    Notes
    [1] - FAS
    [2] - FAS
    Statistical analysis title
    primary efficacy analysis hierarchical statistical
    Statistical analysis description
    This hypothesis was to be tested using the non-parametric Fisher’s exact test at a 1-sided significance level of 2.5%. Confirmatory testing of the second hypothesis referring to VAS assessment of pain intensity was to be performed only if the null hypothesis of the first analysis could be rejected. Hence, no adjustment of significance levels was required.
    Comparison groups
    Euminz v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    189
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    non-inferiority [3]
    P-value
    ≤ 0.025
    Method
    Fisher exact
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [3] - The latter hypothesis was to be tested using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U Test (rank-sum test) at a 2-sided significance level of 5%. In case the first null hypothesis (H1-0) could not be rejected, i.e., statistical significance of the results could not be demonstrated, the second test was to be performed exploratory only.

    Primary: Assessment of Pain by VAS SPID at 120 min

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    End point title
    Assessment of Pain by VAS SPID at 120 min
    End point description
    The second primary variable was the VAS sum of pain intensity differences (VAS SPID) at 120 min after start of treatment of the patient’s first eHE recorded in the HDF. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and SPID was calculated. SPID is the weighted sum of pain intensity differences (PID: difference of pain intensity recorded at baseline [t0] and pain intensity at assessment time [ti]). Higher VAS SPID values indicate higher differences in pain intensity over time, i.e., in the present setting a more pronounced reduction of pain.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    120min after start of teratment of the patient's first eHE.
    End point values
    Euminz Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    94 [4]
    95 [5]
    Units: VAS SPID at 120 min
        median (full range (min-max))
    1576.0 (-2505.0 to 7230.0)
    1065.0 (-2910.0 to 8752.0)
    Notes
    [4] - FAS
    [5] - FAS
    Statistical analysis title
    second primary confirmatory endpoint
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v Euminz
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    189
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    equivalence
    P-value
    ≤ 0.05
    Method
    Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney)
    Confidence interval

    Secondary: Pain-free Rate at 120 min: first eHE by Number of Study Drug Applications

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    End point title
    Pain-free Rate at 120 min: first eHE by Number of Study Drug Applications
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Study drug was to be applied 3 to 5 times during one eHE according to protocol.
    End point values
    Euminz Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    94 [6]
    95 [7]
    Units: number of patients
    36
    28
    Notes
    [6] - FAS
    [7] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: VPRS Sum of Pain Intensity Differences

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    End point title
    VPRS Sum of Pain Intensity Differences
    End point description
    Differences in verbal pain rating between baseline and assessment times have been calculated and summed up to obtain VPRS SPID values for all eHEs and, separately, for the patients’ first eHE. Furthermore, SPIDs have been assessed as means to give mSPID values defined as arithmetic mean of the SPIDs calculated per eHE in an individual patient.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    V1-V3
    End point values
    Euminz Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    94 [8]
    95 [9]
    Units: VPRS SPID and mSPID
    median (full range (min-max))
        all eHEs
    100.0 (-120.0 to 435.0)
    85 (-105.0 to 375.0)
        first eHE
    105.0 (-120.0 to 435.0)
    75.0 (-105.0 to 360.0)
        VPRS mSPID
    105.0 (-120.0 to 327.5)
    82.5 (-93.0 to 355.0)
    Notes
    [8] - FAS
    [9] - FAS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Visit 1 up until 1 week after Visit 3
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    17.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Intent-to-treat
    Reporting group description
    The ITT set consists of all patients who were randomized and applied at least one dose of study medication.

    Serious adverse events
    Intent-to-treat
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 209 (0.96%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    breast cancer female
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Intent-to-treat
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    39 / 209 (18.66%)
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Breast cancer female
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Application site pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 209 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Application site rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 209 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Application site dryness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Feeling cold
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Local swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Malaise
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Immune system disorders
    Hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Administration related reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 209 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 209 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Paraesthesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Tinnitus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Eye disorders
    Eye irritation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 209 (0.96%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Conjunctivitis allergic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ocular discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 209 (1.44%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 209 (1.44%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Abdominal distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Eczema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Rash papular
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Swelling face
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 209 (1.44%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Flank pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Neck pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 209 (3.35%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Acute sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Iron deficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 209 (0.48%)
         occurrences all number
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    24 Mar 2014
    Amendment 1, dated 24 March 2014 concerned the change in the placebo manufacturer (Klosterfrau Berlin GmbH instead of Lichtenheldt GmbH) and a change in data management responsibility which was transferred to acromion GmbH, Frechen. Furthermore, responsibility for statistical analysis was transferred to Norman Bitterlich, PhD, Medizin und Services GmbH, Chemnitz.
    09 Sep 2015
    Amendment 2, dated 09 September 2015 concerned change of responsibility for statistical analyses which was transferred entirely to acromion GmbH, Frechen.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
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