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    Clinical Trial Results:
    An open-label extension study of the long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of ambrisentan in subjects with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2012-001642-17
    Trial protocol
    ES   AT   DE   GB   CZ   NL   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    18 Nov 2015

    Results information
    Results version number
    v2(current)
    This version publication date
    03 Aug 2017
    First version publication date
    30 Jul 2016
    Other versions
    v1
    Version creation reason
    • Correction of full data set
    Changes required.

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    AMB116457
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    GlaxoSmithKline
    Sponsor organisation address
    980 Great West Road, Brentford, Middlesex, United Kingdom,
    Public contact
    GSK Response Center, GlaxoSmithKline, 1-866 4357343,
    Scientific contact
    GSK Response Center, GlaxoSmithKline, 1-866 4357343,
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    07 Apr 2016
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    18 Nov 2015
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective is the long-term safety and tolerability of ambrisentan in the CTEPH population (see Safety). - Safety assessments: - Adverse Events; - Serious Adverse Events; - Clinical laboratory parameters (including liver safety and haematological parameters); - Physical examination (including jugular venous pressure, liver size, peripheral oedema, ascites and signs of deep vein thrombosis); - Vital Signs (including body mass index at the entry visit only); The time to change in dose of ambrisentan or other targeted PAH therapeutic agents (prostanoids, PDE-5 inhibitors) due to tolerability issues (e.g. adverse events).
    Protection of trial subjects
    The Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) recommended that the Sponsor stop the study at any time if they consider that the potential risks outweigh the potential benefits (based on review of safety [adverse experiences] data every three months). A subject may also be discontinued from Investigational Product, or from the study, for the following reasons: • Liver chemistry values exceeding the threshold criteria (as outlined in the protocol); • Adverse event which in the opinion of the investigator requires withdrawal; • Pregnancy; • Consent withdrawn; • Lost to follow-up; • Protocol violation; • Termination of study by sponsor; • Investigator’s discretion (document reason in eCRF). Subjects discontinuing investigation product are encouraged to stay in the study at their and the investigators discretion.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    23 Jan 2014
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Japan: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    China: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Mexico: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Netherlands: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czech Republic: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 3
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    19
    EEA total number of subjects
    10
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    12
    From 65 to 84 years
    7
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    This was an open label, long-term extension study to the double-blind, placebo-controlled study AMB115811 (NCT01884675). Only those participants (par.) in study AMB115811 were eligible for enrollment in this study. The planned duration was a minimum of 18 months, but the study was terminated due to futility of enrollment in study AMB115811.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Out of the 33 participants randomized (16 participants in the Placebo arm and 17 in the Ambrisentan arm) in study AMB115811, a total of 19 participants were enrolled in this extension study.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Previous Placebo
    Arm description
    Participants received placebo tablet once daily (OD) for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants received ambrisentan 5 milligrams (mg) tablet OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    5 mg or 10 mg of Ambrisentan
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    5 mg or 10 mg tablet of Ambrisentan administered orally once daily

    Arm title
    Previous Ambrisentan
    Arm description
    Participants received ambrisentan 5 mg tablet OD for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants continued to receive ambrisentan 5 mg OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    5 mg or 10 mg of Ambrisentan
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    5 mg or 10 mg tablet of Ambrisentan administered orally once daily

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Started
    9
    10
    Completed
    0
    0
    Not completed
    9
    10
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
    -
         Study Closed/terminated
    7
    10
         Death
    1
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Previous Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants received placebo tablet once daily (OD) for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants received ambrisentan 5 milligrams (mg) tablet OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Reporting group title
    Previous Ambrisentan
    Reporting group description
    Participants received ambrisentan 5 mg tablet OD for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants continued to receive ambrisentan 5 mg OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Reporting group values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan Total
    Number of subjects
    9 10 19
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Participant characteristics at the start of the extension study.
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    63 (58 to 69) 61 (47 to 66) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    6 4 10
        Male
    3 6 9
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        Asian - East Asian Heritage
    2 1 3
        Asian - Japanese Heritage
    2 1 3
        White - White/Caucasian/European Heritage
    5 8 13

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Previous Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants received placebo tablet once daily (OD) for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants received ambrisentan 5 milligrams (mg) tablet OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Reporting group title
    Previous Ambrisentan
    Reporting group description
    Participants received ambrisentan 5 mg tablet OD for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants continued to receive ambrisentan 5 mg OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Subject analysis set title
    Previous Placebo
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Participants received placebo tablet once daily (OD) for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants received ambrisentan 5 milligrams (mg) tablet OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Subject analysis set title
    Previous Ambrisentan
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    Participants received ambrisentan 5 mg tablet OD for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants continued to receive ambrisentan 5 mg OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Primary: Number of participants with any adverse event (AE) or serious adverse event (SAE)

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    End point title
    Number of participants with any adverse event (AE) or serious adverse event (SAE) [1]
    End point description
    An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical investigation participant, temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. Serious Adverse Event (SAE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose results in death, is life-threatening, requires hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect. Refer to the general AE/SAE module for a list of AEs and SAEs. Participant's final visit in Study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Safety (Extension) Population: all participants who enrolled and took at least one dose of study treatment during the extension study.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From Entry Visit of the extension study up to approximately 16 months
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [2]
    10 [3]
    Units: Participants
        Any AE
    8
    6
        Any SAE
    3
    0
    Notes
    [2] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [3] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, total neutrophils (Absolute Neutrophil Count [ANC]), platelet count, and white blood cell (WBC) count at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, total neutrophils (Absolute Neutrophil Count [ANC]), platelet count, and white blood cell (WBC) count at the indicated time points [4]
    End point description
    Hematology parameters were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, total neutrophils (ANC), platelet count, and WBC count are summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in Study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or participants were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [4] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [5]
    10 [6]
    Units: Giga per Liter (GI/L)
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Basophils, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -0.01 (-0.02 to 0)
    0 (-0.01 to 0.01)
        Basophils, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -0.01 (-0.01 to 0)
    0 (-0.02 to 0)
        Basophils, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -0.01 (-0.02 to 0.01)
    0 (-0.01 to 0.02)
        Basophils, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0 (-0.02 to 0)
    0 (-0.01 to 0.03)
        Basophils, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -0.025 (-0.04 to -0.01)
    -0.01 (-0.02 to -0.01)
        Basophils, Month 12, n=1, 3
    -0.02 (-0.02 to -0.02)
    0 (-0.02 to 0.01)
        Basophils, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.01 (-0.01 to -0.01)
        Basophils, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.005 (-0.025 to 0.015)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Eosinophils, Entry visit , n=9, 10
    -0.01 (-0.09 to 0.04)
    0.005 (-0.09 to 0.03)
        Eosinophils, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -0.02 (-0.03 to 0.01)
    -0.025 (-0.06 to 0.03)
        Eosinophils, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -0.03 (-0.05 to 0.02)
    -0.005 (-0.055 to 0.075)
        Eosinophils, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0.02 (-0.03 to 0.11)
    -0.035 (-0.07 to 0)
        Eosinophils, Month 9, n=2, 5
    0.155 (-0.04 to 0.35)
    -0.02 (-0.02 to 0.15)
        Eosinophils, Month 12, n=1, 3
    -0.12 (-0.12 to -0.12)
    0.15 (-0.06 to 0.27)
        Eosinophils, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0.19 (0.19 to 0.19)
        Eosinophils, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.02 (-0.055 to 0.035)
    0.01 (-0.03 to 0.03)
        Lymphocytes, Entry visit , n=9, 10
    -0.05 (-0.16 to 0.19)
    -0.09 (-0.47 to 0)
        Lymphocytes, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -0.19 (-0.46 to 0.14)
    -0.225 (-0.27 to 0.08)
        Lymphocytes, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -0.04 (-0.18 to 0.24)
    -0.215 (-0.795 to 0.185)
        Lymphocytes, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -0.25 (-0.34 to -0.17)
    -0.11 (-1.03 to -0.01)
        Lymphocytes, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -0.075 (-0.38 to 0.23)
    -0.36 (-0.49 to -0.09)
        Lymphocytes, Month 12, n=1, 3
    -0.09 (-0.09 to -0.09)
    -0.26 (-0.28 to 0.48)
        Lymphocytes, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.73 (-0.73 to -0.73)
        Lymphocytes, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.09 (-0.28 to 0.005)
    -0.23 (-0.39 to 0.08)
        Monocytes, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -0.06 (-0.09 to 0.05)
    -0.055 (-0.15 to 0.01)
        Monocytes, Month 1, n=7, 10
    0 (-0.05 to 0.06)
    0 (-0.17 to 0.13)
        Monocytes, Month 3, n=7, 8
    0.01 (-0.08 to 0.22)
    -0.035 (-0.175 to 0.025)
        Monocytes, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0.08 (0.03 to 0.1)
    -0.035 (-0.2 to 0.05)
        Monocytes, Month 9, n=2, 5
    0.075 (-0.13 to 0.28)
    0.06 (-0.1 to 0.2)
        Monocytes, Month 12, n=1, 3
    0.01 (0.01 to 0.01)
    -0.1 (-0.14 to 0.06)
        Monocytes, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0.13 (0.13 to 0.13)
        Monocytes, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.005 (-0.11 to 0.105)
    0.03 (-0.09 to 0.1)
        Total Neutrophils, Entry visit , n=9, 10
    -0.39 (-0.55 to 0.84)
    -0.595 (-1.06 to 0.83)
        Total Neutrophils, Month 1, n=7, 10
    0.22 (-1.45 to 0.53)
    -0.55 (-1 to 0.32)
        Total Neutrophils, Month 3, n=7, 8
    0.19 (-0.12 to 0.45)
    -0.675 (-0.965 to -0.085)
        Total Neutrophils, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0.15 (0.04 to 0.29)
    -0.285 (-0.45 to -0.25)
        Total Neutrophils, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -1.135 (-1.72 to -0.55)
    -0.59 (-0.81 to 0.61)
        Total Neutrophils, Month 12, n=1, 3
    1.73 (1.73 to 1.73)
    -0.29 (-0.78 to -0.23)
        Total Neutrophils, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.94 (-0.94 to -0.94)
        Total Neutrophils, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.025 (-0.435 to 0.52)
    -0.74 (-1.39 to -0.25)
        Platelet count, Entry visit , n=9, 9
    -7 (-10 to 5)
    -7 (-40 to 19)
        Platelet count, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -16 (-31 to 5)
    -1.5 (-29 to 26)
        Platelet count, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -9 (-34 to 7)
    17 (-8 to 28)
        Platelet count, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -17 (-18 to -8)
    -2 (-27 to 7)
        Platelet count, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -11 (-20 to -2)
    -6 (-21 to 8)
        Platelet count, Month 12, n=1, 3
    -78 (-78 to -78)
    -9 (-34 to 11)
        Platelet count, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -49 (-49 to -49)
        Platelet count, End of study, n=8, 9
    -5 (-53 to 9.5)
    12 (-4 to 14)
        WBC count, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -0.2 (-1.4 to 0.9)
    -0.65 (-1.6 to 0.6)
        WBC count, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -0.1 (-1.5 to 0.5)
    -0.5 (-1.1 to -0.2)
        WBC count, Month 3, n=7, 8
    0.2 (-0.4 to 0.8)
    -1.1 (-1.65 to -0.15)
        WBC count, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0.1 (0 to 0.2)
    -0.55 (-1.5 to -0.3)
        WBC count, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -1 (-1.1 to -0.9)
    -0.6 (-1.1 to 0.3)
        WBC count, Month 12, n=1, 3
    1.5 (1.5 to 1.5)
    -0.7 (-0.8 to 0.3)
        WBC count, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -1.4 (-1.4 to -1.4)
        WBC count, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.25 (-0.6 to 0.6)
    -1 (-1.4 to -0.5)
    Notes
    [5] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [6] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in hemoglobin and mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in hemoglobin and mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) at the indicated time points [7]
    End point description
    Hematology parameters were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in hemoglobin and MCHC is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in Study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or participants were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [7] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [8]
    10 [9]
    Units: Grams per Liter (g/L)
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Hemoglobin, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -5 (-10 to 2)
    -5.5 (-9 to -3)
        Hemoglobin, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -3 (-7 to 1)
    -6.5 (-9 to -4)
        Hemoglobin, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -7 (-25 to 8)
    -10.5 (-14.5 to -1)
        Hemoglobin, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -10 (-18 to 0)
    -6.5 (-12 to -3)
        Hemoglobin, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -25 (-31 to -19)
    -6 (-6 to -4)
        Hemoglobin, Month 12, n=1, 3
    21 (21 to 21)
    -6 (-9 to -2)
        Hemoglobin, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -11 (-11 to -11)
        Hemoglobin, End of study, n=8, 9
    -10 (-15.5 to -2)
    -8 (-11 to -2)
        MCHC, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    6 (-1 to 9)
    4 (-4 to 9)
        MCHC, Month 1, n=7, 10
    5 (-9 to 10)
    1 (-4 to 6)
        MCHC, Month 3, n=7, 8
    1 (-2 to 4)
    4.5 (-2.5 to 6)
        MCHC, Month 6, n=5, 6
    3 (1 to 5)
    -1.5 (-2 to 0)
        MCHC, Month 9, n=2, 5
    0.5 (-2 to 3)
    -1 (-8 to 0)
        MCHC, Month 12, n=1, 3
    6 (6 to 6)
    -4 (-9 to 5)
        MCHC, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    1 (1 to 1)
        MCHC, End of study, n=8, 9
    -2 (-6 to 2.5)
    -6 (-9 to -1)
    Notes
    [8] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [9] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in hematocrit at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in hematocrit at the indicated time points [10]
    End point description
    Hematology parameters were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in hematocrit is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or participants were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [10] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [11]
    10 [12]
    Units: Proportion of 1
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Hematocrit, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -0.007 (-0.031 to 0.004)
    -0.018 (-0.043 to -0.005)
        Hematocrit, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -0.018 (-0.028 to 0.011)
    -0.024 (-0.035 to -0.005)
        Hematocrit, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -0.027 (-0.084 to 0.023)
    -0.034 (-0.052 to -0.006)
        Hematocrit, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -0.033 (-0.057 to 0.005)
    -0.019 (-0.03 to -0.012)
        Hematocrit, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -0.083 (-0.107 to -0.058)
    -0.016 (-0.021 to -0.011)
        Hematocrit, Month 12, n=1, 3
    0.058 (0.058 to 0.058)
    -0.009 (-0.036 to 0.001)
        Hematocrit, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.034 (-0.034 to -0.034)
        Hematocrit, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.033 (-0.049 to 0.004)
    -0.015 (-0.024 to -0.001)
    Notes
    [11] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [12] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in mean corpuscle volume at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in mean corpuscle volume at the indicated time points [13]
    End point description
    Hematology parameters were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in mean corpuscle volume is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or participants were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [13] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [14]
    10 [15]
    Units: Femtoliter (fL)
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Mean corpuscle volume, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -2 (-4 to -1)
    -0.5 (-2 to 0)
        Mean corpuscle volume, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -2 (-4 to 1)
    -0.5 (-3 to 1)
        Mean corpuscle volume, Month 3, n=7, 8
    -2 (-6 to 1)
    -1 (-4 to -0.5)
        Mean corpuscle volume, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -3 (-3 to 0)
    -0.5 (-2 to 0)
        Mean corpuscle volume, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -7 (-11 to -3)
    0 (0 to 1)
        Mean corpuscle volume, Month 12, n=1, 3
    -2 (-2 to -2)
    2 (-1 to 2)
        Mean corpuscle volume, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    1 (1 to 1)
        Mean corpuscle volume, End of study, n=8, 9
    -2.5 (-3.5 to 0.5)
    0 (0 to 2)
    Notes
    [14] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [15] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in red blood cell count and reticulocytes at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in red blood cell count and reticulocytes at the indicated time points [16]
    End point description
    Hematology parameters were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in red blood cell count and reticulocytes is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or par. were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [16] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [17]
    10 [18]
    Units: Tera per Liter (TI/L)
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Red blood cell count, Entry visit , n=9, 10
    -0.2 (-0.3 to 0.2)
    -0.15 (-0.4 to -0.1)
        Red blood cell count, Month 1, n=7, 10
    0 (-0.5 to 0.2)
    -0.25 (-0.3 to -0.1)
        Red blood cell count, Month 3, n=7, 8
    0 (-0.7 to 0.4)
    -0.25 (-0.45 to -0.05)
        Red blood cell count, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -0.3 (-0.7 to 0.1)
    -0.15 (-0.3 to 0)
        Red blood cell count, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -0.55 (-0.6 to -0.5)
    -0.2 (-0.2 to -0.1)
        Red blood cell count, Month 12, n=1, 3
    0.7 (0.7 to 0.7)
    -0.2 (-0.3 to -0.1)
        Red blood cell count, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.4 (-0.4 to -0.4)
        Red blood cell count, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.15 (-0.4 to 0)
    -0.2 (-0.4 to 0.1)
        Reticulocytes, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    0.001 (-0.004 to 0.012)
    0 (-0.026 to 0.004)
        Reticulocytes, Month 1, n=7, 10
    -0.007 (-0.016 to 0.024)
    -0.001 (-0.02 to 0.011)
        Reticulocytes, Month 3, n=7, 8
    0.001 (-0.016 to 0.011)
    -0.001 (-0.022 to 0.011)
        Reticulocytes, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0.005 (-0.023 to 0.018)
    -0.019 (-0.032 to -0.005)
        Reticulocytes, Month 9, n=2, 5
    -0.013 (-0.019 to -0.006)
    0.005 (-0.04 to 0.014)
        Reticulocytes, Month 12, n=1, 3
    -0.032 (-0.032 to -0.032)
    0.017 (-0.003 to 0.027)
        Reticulocytes, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.011 (-0.011 to -0.011)
        Reticulocytes, End of study, n=8, 9
    -0.007 (-0.022 to 0.018)
    -0.002 (-0.049 to 0.001)
    Notes
    [17] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [18] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Number of participants with clinical chemistry parameters of potential clinical concern at any time post entry visit

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    End point title
    Number of participants with clinical chemistry parameters of potential clinical concern at any time post entry visit [19]
    End point description
    Blood samples were collected post Entry visit of the extension study and up to end of study for evaluation of the clinical chemistry parameters of alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), and total bilirubin. The clinical chemistry parameters of potential clinical concern high were defined as follows: ALT, AST, GGT >=3 times upper limit of normal (ULN); total bilirubin >=2 times ULN. Participants with both normal and high values were counted once under their worst case (high). Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Post entry visit of the extension study and up to End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [19] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [20]
    10 [21]
    Units: Participants
        ALT, >clinical concern high
    0
    0
        AST, >clinical concern high
    0
    0
        GGT, >clinical concern high
    1
    0
        Total bilirubin, >clinical concern high
    0
    0
    Notes
    [20] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [21] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Number of participants with creatinine values of potential clinical concern at any time post entry visit

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    End point title
    Number of participants with creatinine values of potential clinical concern at any time post entry visit [22]
    End point description
    Blood samples were collected at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study plus any unscheduled lab tests for creatinine. A creatinine value of potential clinical concern high was defined as >=176.8 micromoles per Liter. Participants with both normal and high values were counted once under their worst case (high). Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study plus any unscheduled lab tests (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [22] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [23]
    10 [24]
    Units: Participants
        Creatinine, >clinical concern high
    1
    0
    Notes
    [23] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [24] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) assessed at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) assessed at the indicated time points [25]
    End point description
    Vital signs including SBP and DBP were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in SBP and DBP is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or par. were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [25] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [26]
    10 [27]
    Units: millimeter of mercury (mmHg)
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Systolic blood pressure, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -6 (-11 to 3)
    -3 (-8 to 11)
        Systolic blood pressure, Month 1, n=8, 10
    -0.5 (-21 to 4.5)
    -5.5 (-7 to 3)
        Systolic blood pressure, Month 3, n=8, 8
    -4 (-13.5 to 14.5)
    -4 (-8 to 0)
        Systolic blood pressure, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -10 (-30 to -9)
    -5 (-14 to 0)
        Systolic blood pressure, Month 9, n=3, 5
    -1 (-14 to 14)
    -2 (-6 to 4)
        Systolic blood pressure, Month 12, n=1, 4
    15 (15 to 15)
    -8.5 (-15.5 to 6.5)
        Systolic blood pressure, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -2 (-2 to -2)
        Systolic blood pressure, End of study, n=8, 10
    2.5 (-14 to 12.5)
    1 (-5 to 5)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -5 (-11 to 5)
    -9 (-12 to 4)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Month 1, n=8, 10
    -9 (-17.5 to -3)
    -7 (-10 to 4)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Month 3, n=8, 8
    -1 (-10.5 to 10)
    -11 (-15.5 to -4)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -13 (-18 to -10)
    -11 (-12 to -7)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Month 9, n=3, 5
    -5 (-7 to -4)
    -7 (-12 to -5)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Month 12, n=1, 4
    0 (0 to 0)
    -9 (-16 to -5.5)
        Diastolic blood pressure, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -4 (-4 to -4)
        Diastolic blood pressure, End of study, n=8, 10
    -4 (-12 to 12)
    -9.5 (-18 to -2)
    Notes
    [26] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [27] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in heart rate at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in heart rate at the indicated time points [28]
    End point description
    Vital signs including heart rate were assessed at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in heart rate is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or par. were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [28] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [29]
    10 [30]
    Units: beats per minute
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Heart rate, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -2 (-17 to 5)
    -7 (-17 to 1)
        Heart rate, Month 1, n=8, 10
    -12 (-19.5 to 4)
    -2 (-7 to 3)
        Heart rate, Month 3, n=8, 8
    -8.5 (-19 to 1.5)
    -1 (-11 to 4.5)
        Heart rate, Month 6, n=5, 6
    -19 (-24 to -14)
    -3.5 (-6 to -1)
        Heart rate, Month 9, n=3, 5
    -12 (-12 to -11)
    -6 (-7 to -2)
        Heart rate, Month 12, n=1, 4
    -12 (-12 to -12)
    -12.5 (-16.5 to -4.5)
        Heart rate, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -11 (-11 to -11)
        Heart rate, End of study, n=8, 10
    -10.5 (-15 to 1)
    0.5 (-5 to 4)
    Notes
    [29] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [30] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in weight at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in weight at the indicated time points [31]
    End point description
    Weight was measured at Entry visit of the extension study, Month 1, Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, Month 12, Month 15, and at end of study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in weight is summarized. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or par. were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811; Entry visit of the extension study; Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15; and End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    Notes
    [31] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [32]
    10 [33]
    Units: kilogram (kg)
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Weight, Entry visit, n=9, 10
    -1 (-1.5 to 1.4)
    -1 (-2.8 to 0.5)
        Weight, Month 1, n=8, 10
    0 (-1.5 to 0.6)
    -0.5 (-2.2 to 0.5)
        Weight, Month 3, n=8, 8
    -0.5 (-2 to 0.55)
    -2 (-4.45 to 0.5)
        Weight, Month 6, n=5, 6
    0 (-10 to 1.1)
    -3.1 (-5 to -0.5)
        Weight, Month 9, n=3, 5
    0 (-19.7 to 1.6)
    -3.5 (-5.5 to 1)
        Weight, Month 12, n=1, 4
    0 (0 to 0)
    -1.15 (-3.25 to 1)
        Weight, Month 15, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -2.5 (-2.5 to -2.5)
        Weight, End of study, n=8, 10
    0 (-1 to 0.85)
    -0.05 (-2 to 1.8)
    Notes
    [32] - Safety (Extension) Population
    [33] - Safety (Extension) Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Time to first change in dose of open-label ambrisentan due to tolerability issues in any participant

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    End point title
    Time to first change in dose of open-label ambrisentan due to tolerability issues in any participant [34]
    End point description
    The time to change in dose of ambrisentan or other targeted PAH (pulmonary arterial hypertension) therapeutic agents (prostanoids, PDE-5 inhibitors) due to tolerability issues (e.g. adverse events). Dosing data were collected, but after the study was terminated, not all endpoints listed in the protocol were analyzed, including time to first change in dose of open-label ambrisentan. This decision was documented in the reporting and analysis plan prior to database lock.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From the Entry visit of the extension study up to approximately 16 months
    Notes
    [34] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There are no statistical data to report.
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [35]
    0 [36]
    Units: Days
        number (not applicable)
    Notes
    [35] - This data was not analyzed.
    [36] - This data was not analyzed.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in the 6 minutes walking distance (6MWD) at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in the 6 minutes walking distance (6MWD) at the indicated time points
    End point description
    The 6-minute walk test was conducted according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines in accordance with local standard operating procedures. 6MWD was measured by a 6-minute walk test. This test measures the distance that a par. can walk in a period of 6 minutes. AMB115811 Baseline was the Week 0 value in that study. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. Par.'s final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this extension study. For the Extension study, the visit schedule (Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15) was mapped to the visit schedule (Months 5, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19) for continuity with study AMB115811. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles). Intent-to-treat (ITT) Population: all par. who were randomized and took at least one dose of study medication in the double-blind phase (placebo or ambrisentan).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    During Study AMB115811: Months 0 (Baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal (EW); During Extension Study: Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and at End of Study (assessed up to approximately 20 months)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    16 [37]
    17 [38]
    Units: Meters
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        (AMB115811) Month 1, n=15, 17
    5 (-1.5 to 16.5)
    14 (1 to 42.5)
        Month 2, n=14, 16
    7.5 (-14.5 to 22.5)
    26.25 (3.25 to 61.25)
        Month 3, n=13, 15
    5.5 (-23 to 39.5)
    20.5 (4 to 68)
        Month 4, n=13, 15
    -10 (-32.5 to 20)
    25 (12 to 49)
        EW (AMB115811) visit, n=3, 2
    7.5 (-46.5 to 43.5)
    41.25 (0 to 82.5)
        (Extension study) Month 5, n=7, 9
    0 (-15.5 to 40)
    51.5 (19 to 80.5)
        Month 7, n=7, 8
    -8 (-22.5 to 55)
    57.5 (23.5 to 88.75)
        Month 10, n=5, 6
    55 (-10.5 to 65)
    52.25 (21 to 100)
        Month 13, n=2, 4
    8.5 (-5.5 to 22.5)
    33.25 (19 to 46.25)
        Month 16, n=1, 4
    65 (65 to 65)
    47.25 (23.5 to 61.25)
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    69 (69 to 69)
        End of study, n=7, 8
    30 (4.5 to 43)
    29.5 (4 to 80.25)
    Notes
    [37] - ITT Population
    [38] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline (BL) in World Health Organization (WHO) functional class (FC) at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline (BL) in World Health Organization (WHO) functional class (FC) at the indicated time points
    End point description
    WHO FC indicates severity of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and is an adaptation of the New York Heart Association classification, assessed by the investigator. There are 4 grades for WHO FC based on severity of symptoms (Class I = none, Class IV = most severe). Grades mapped to numeric scale 1-4 (i.e. Class IV = 4). WHO FC system links symptoms with activity limitations, allowing clinicians to predict disease progression and prognosis. AMB115811 BL is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Change from AMB115811 BL was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the BL value (positive change = worsening). Par.'s final visit in AMB115811 was used as entry visit of this ext study. For Ext study, the visit schedule (M1,3,6,9,12 and 15) was mapped to the visit schedule (M5,7,10,13,16 and 19) for continuity with study AMB115811. Only par. available at the specified TP were analyzed (represented by n=X,X in the category title).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    During Study AMB115811: Months 0 (Baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal; During Extension Study: Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and at End of Study (assessed up to approximately 20 months)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    16 [39]
    17 [40]
    Units: Scores on a scale
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        (AMB115811) Month 1, n=15, 17
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 2, n=14, 16
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 3, n=13, 15
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        Month 4, n=13, 15
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        EW (AMB115811) visit, n=3, 2
    0 (-1 to 0)
    0 (0 to 0)
        (Extension study) Month 5, n=8, 10
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        Month 7, n=8, 8
    0 (0 to 0.5)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        Month 10, n=5, 6
    0 (0 to 0)
    -0.5 (-1 to 0)
        Month 13, n=3, 5
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 16, n=1, 4
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (-0.5 to 0)
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (0 to 0)
        End of study, n=8, 10
    0 (-0.5 to 0)
    0 (-1 to 0)
    Notes
    [39] - ITT Population
    [40] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in Borg CR10 Scale (BCR10S) immediately following exercise at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in Borg CR10 Scale (BCR10S) immediately following exercise at the indicated time points
    End point description
    BCR10S score was collected immediately following completion of the 6-minute walk test. Scores range from 0 to 10 (0=nothing at all, 10=extremely strong). If par.'s perception or feeling was stronger than "10", that is “extremely strong”, “Maximal” – a larger number could be used, for example 12 or still higher, that is “Absolute maximum”). AMB115811 BL data was calculated as average of 2 BCR10S values obtained following the 2 6MWD tests used in determining the BL 6MWD in that study. If only 1 measurement was available, it was used. Change from AMB115811 BL was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the BL value. Par.'s final visit in AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of extension study. For the Extension study, the visit schedule (Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15) mapped to the visit schedule (Months 5, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19) for continuity with AMB115811. Only those par. available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X,X in the category titles).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    During Study AMB115811: Months 0 (Baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal; During Extension Study: Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and at End of Study (assessed up to approximately 20 months)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    16 [41]
    17 [42]
    Units: Scores on a scale
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        (AMB115811) Month 1, n=15, 17
    0 (-1 to 0.75)
    -0.4 (-0.5 to 0)
        Month 2, n=14, 16
    0.25 (-0.5 to 1)
    -0.2 (-1.13 to 1)
        Month 3, n=13, 15
    0 (-0.5 to 2.25)
    -0.4 (-1 to 1)
        Month 4, n=13, 15
    1 (-0.5 to 2.5)
    -0.5 (-1.5 to 1)
        EW (AMB115811) visit, n=3, 2
    2 (-1.5 to 4)
    -0.25 (-0.5 to 0)
        (Extension study) Month 5, n=7, 9
    0 (-0.5 to 1.5)
    1.5 (-0.5 to 2)
        Month 7, n=7, 8
    0.5 (-0.5 to 2.5)
    0 (-1.38 to 1.75)
        Month 10, n=5, 6
    0.5 (0.5 to 1.5)
    0.5 (-1.5 to 1)
        Month 13, n=2, 4
    0.5 (0.5 to 0.5)
    1 (-0.75 to 2.75)
        Month 16, n=1, 4
    0.5 (0.5 to 0.5)
    0.5 (-0.75 to 1.75)
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    1 (1 to 1)
        End of study, n=7, 8
    1.25 (0 to 1.5)
    0.88 (-0.25 to 1.5)
    Notes
    [41] - ITT Population
    [42] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of participants with clinical worsening of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)

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    End point title
    Number of participants with clinical worsening of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
    End point description
    Time to clinical worsening of CTEPH was defined as the time from randomization in Study AMB115811 to the first occurrence of any of the following events: death (all cause), lung transplantation, hospitalization for CTEPH deterioration, atrial septostomy, addition of parenteral prostanoids, appearance of two or more CTEPH worsening events. Worsening events included: >=20% of decrease in 6MWD; >=1 increase of WHO Functional Classes; worsening right ventricular failure; rapidly progressing cardiogenic, hepatic, or renal failure; refractory systolic hypotension (SBP <85 mmHg).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From randomization up to End of Study for the extension study (assessed up to approximately 20 months)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    16 [43]
    17 [44]
    Units: Participants
        number (not applicable)
    2
    0
    Notes
    [43] - ITT Population
    [44] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in Quality of Life as measured by Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36)

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    End point title
    Change from study AMB115811 Baseline in Quality of Life as measured by Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36)
    End point description
    The SF-36 version 2 is a self-administered, health-related quality of life (QoL) metric. It is a 36-item questionnaire designed to measure 8 domains of functional health status and well-being: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health as well as 2 summary measures (Physical Health and Mental Health). Each domain is scored from 0 (poorer health) to 100 (better health). Baseline of study AMB115811 was to be used. Change from study AMB115811 Baseline was to be calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the Baseline value. The SF-36 data were collected, but after the study was terminated, not all endpoints listed in the protocol were analyzed, including the SF-36. This decision was documented in the reporting and analysis plan prior to database lock.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Baseline from study AMB115811 up to End of Study for the extension study (assessed up to approximately 20 months from Baseline)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [45]
    0 [46]
    Units: Scores on a scale
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    ( to )
    ( to )
    Notes
    [45] - Health outcomes data collected in this study were excluded from analysis.
    [46] - Health outcomes data collected in this study were excluded from analysis.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percent change from study AMB115811 Baseline in plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)

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    End point title
    Percent change from study AMB115811 Baseline in plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)
    End point description
    The ratio to Baseline in NT-proBNP was calculated as the ratio of the value at the specified time-point to the AMB115811 Baseline value and was expressed as a percent change from AMB115811 Baseline. This was done by taking the mean change on the log scale, exponentiating, subtracting 1 and multiplying by 100. Standard deviation (SD) of the logged values (log[SD]) have been presented. AMB115811 Baseline is the last value recorded on or prior to start of study treatment in that study. Participant's final visit in study AMB115811 was used as the entry visit of this open-label extension study. For the Extension study, the visit schedule (Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15) was mapped to the visit schedule (Months 5, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19) for continuity with study AMB115811. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category titles).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    During Study AMB115811: Months 0 (Baseline), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal; During Extension Study: Months 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and at End of Study (assessed up to approximately 20 months from Baseline)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    16 [47]
    17 [48]
    Units: Percent change
    geometric mean (standard deviation)
        (AMB115811) Month 1, n=13, 15
    43.6 ± 0.41
    -15.8 ± 0.36
        Month 2, n=13, 15
    12.4 ± 0.49
    -23.3 ± 0.59
        Month 3, n=12, 14
    12.4 ± 0.59
    -21.9 ± 0.61
        Month 4, n=12, 14
    14.1 ± 0.55
    -29.4 ± 0.5
        EW (AMB115811) visit, n=3, 2
    35.7 ± 0.69
    -14.9 ± 0.31
        (Extension study) Month 5, n=8, 10
    -34.7 ± 1.22
    -24.5 ± 0.69
        Month 7, n=8, 8
    3.3 ± 0.64
    -32.5 ± 0.73
        Month 10, n=5, 6
    -36.5 ± 0.86
    -20.1 ± 0.78
        Month 13, n=3, 5
    -8.6 ± 0.6
    7.7 ± 0.79
        Month 16, n=1, 4
    -62.4 ± 99999
    -2.8 ± 1.15
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 ± 99999
    43.1 ± 99999
        End of study, n=8, 9
    -13.2 ± 0.72
    -41.7 ± 0.86
    Notes
    [47] - ITT Population
    [48] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in 6 minutes walking distance at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in 6 minutes walking distance at the indicated time points
    End point description
    The 6 minute walk distance data in a previous outcome measure were also analyzed as change from start of ambrisentan treatment. As participants started to receive ambrisentan treatment in two studies, two different time points for start of ambrisentan treatment were used for this analysis. For participants who received ambrisentan treatment in Study AMB115811, the Baseline for that study was used. For participants who received placebo in Study AMB115811, entry visit of the Extension study was defined as Baseline. Change from start of ambrisentan was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the start of ambrisentan value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category title). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or par. were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Previous Placebo: Months 0 (Entry visit of the extension), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12; Previous Ambrisentan: Month 0 (Baseline of study AMB115811), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal (EW) (AMB115811), 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19; and at End of Study
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [49]
    17 [50]
    Units: Meters
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Month 1, n=7, 17
    20 (15 to 30)
    14 (1 to 42.5)
        Month 2, n=0, 16
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    26.25 (3.25 to 61.25)
        Month 3, n=7, 15
    20 (15 to 35)
    20.5 (4 to 68)
        Month 4, n= 0, 15
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    25 (12 to 49)
        EW (AMB115811), n=0, 2
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    41.25 (0 to 82.5)
        Month 5, n=0, 9
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    51.5 (19 to 80.5)
        Month 6, n=5, 0
    45 (27 to 60)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 7, n=0, 8
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    57.5 (23.5 to 88.75)
        Month 9, n=2, 0
    32.5 (5 to 60)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 10, n=0, 6
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    52.25 (21 to 100)
        Month 12, n=1, 0
    45 (45 to 45)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 13, n=0, 4
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    33.25 (19 to 46.25)
        Month 16, n=0, 4
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    47.25 (23.5 to 61.25)
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    69 (69 to 69)
        End of study, n=7, 8
    37 (0 to 60)
    29.5 (4 to 80.25)
    Notes
    [49] - ITT Population. Placebo arm: includes par. who received ambrisentan treatment during extension study
    [50] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in World Health Organization (WHO) functional class (FC) at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in World Health Organization (WHO) functional class (FC) at the indicated time points
    End point description
    The WHO functional class data in a previous outcome measure were also analyzed as change from start of ambrisentan treatment. As participants started to receive ambrisentan treatment in two studies, two different time points for start of ambrisentan treatment were used for this analysis. For participants who received ambrisentan treatment in Study AMB115811, the Baseline for that study was used. For participants who received placebo in Study AMB115811, entry visit of the Extension study was defined as Baseline. Change from start of ambrisentan was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the start of ambrisentan value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category title). Instances where 99999 has been mentioned indicate that data was not available or par. were not analyzed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Previous Placebo: Months 0 (Entry visit of the extension), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12; Previous Ambrisentan: Month 0 (Baseline of study AMB115811), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal (EW) (AMB115811), 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19; and at End of Study
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [51]
    17 [52]
    Units: Scores on a scale
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Month 1, n=8, 17
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 2, n=0, 16
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 3, n=8, 15
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        Month 4, n= 0, 15
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        EW (AMB115811), n=0, 2
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 5, n=0, 10
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        Month 6, n=5, 0
    0 (0 to 0)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 7, n=0, 8
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (-1 to 0)
        Month 9, n=3, 0
    0 (0 to 0)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 10, n=0, 6
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.5 (-1 to 0)
        Month 12, n=1, 0
    0 (0 to 0)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 13, n=0, 5
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (0 to 0)
        Month 16, n=0, 4
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (-0.5 to 0)
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (0 to 0)
        End of study, n=8, 10
    0 (0 to 0)
    0 (-1 to 0)
    Notes
    [51] - ITT Population. Placebo arm: includes par. who received ambrisentan treatment during extension study
    [52] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in Borg CR10 Scale (BCR10S) immediately following exercise at the indicated time points

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    End point title
    Change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in Borg CR10 Scale (BCR10S) immediately following exercise at the indicated time points
    End point description
    The BCR10S data in a previous outcome measure were also analyzed as change from start of ambrisentan treatment. BCR10S score, a rating of perceived exertion, ranges from 0 to 10 (0=nothing at all, 10 extremely strong). If par.’s perception or feeling was stronger than “10”, a larger number could be used. As participants started to receive ambrisentan treatment in two studies, two different time points for start of ambrisentan treatment were used for this analysis. For participants who received ambrisentan treatment in Study AMB115811, the Baseline for that study was used. For participants who received placebo in Study AMB115811, entry visit of the Extension study was defined as Baseline. Change from start of ambrisentan was calculated as the value at the indicated visit minus the start of ambrisentan value. Only those participants available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category title).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Previous Placebo: Months 0 (Entry visit of the extension), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12; Previous Ambrisentan: Month 0 (Baseline of study AMB115811), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal (EW) (AMB115811), 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19; and at End of Study
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [53]
    17 [54]
    Units: Scores on a scale
    median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
        Month 1, n=7, 17
    0 (-1 to 1)
    -0.4 (-0.5 to 0)
        Month 2, n=0, 16
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.2 (-1.13 to 1)
        Month 3, n=7, 15
    0 (0 to 1)
    -0.4 (-1 to 1)
        Month 4, n= 0, 15
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.5 (-1.5 to 1)
        EW (AMB115811), n=0, 2
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    -0.25 (-0.5 to 0)
        Month 5, n=0, 9
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    1.5 (-0.5 to 2)
        Month 6, n=5, 0
    1 (1 to 2)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 7, n=0 , 8
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0 (-1.38 to 1.75)
        Month 9, n=2, 0
    0.5 (-1 to 2)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 10, n=0, 6
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0.5 (-1.5 to 1)
        Month 12, n=1,0
    1 (1 to 1)
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
        Month 13, n=0, 4
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    1 (-0.75 to 2.75)
        Month 16, n=0, 4
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    0.5 (-0.75 to 1.75)
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 (99999 to 99999)
    1 (1 to 1)
        End of study, n=7, 8
    0 (-1 to 1)
    0.88 (-0.25 to 1.5)
    Notes
    [53] - ITT Population. Placebo arm: includes par. who received ambrisentan treatment during extension study
    [54] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percent change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)

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    End point title
    Percent change from Start of Ambrisentan Treatment in plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)
    End point description
    The NT-proBNP data in a previous outcome measure were also analyzed as change from start of ambrisentan treatment. The ratio to start of ambrisentan in NT-proBNP was calculated as the ratio of the value at the specified time-point to the start of ambrisentan value and was expressed as a percent change from start of ambrisentan. This was done by taking the mean change on the log scale, exponentiating, subtracting 1 and multiplying by 100. Standard deviation (SD) of the logged values (log[SD]) have been presented. As par. started to receive ambrisentan treatment in 2 studies, 2 different time points for start of ambrisentan treatment were used for this analysis. For par. who received ambrisentan treatment in study AMB115811, the Baseline for that study was used. For par. who received placebo in Study AMB115811, entry visit of the Extension study was defined as Baseline. Only those par. available at the specified time points were analyzed (represented by n=X, X in the category title).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Previous Placebo: Months 0 (Entry visit of the extension), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12; Previous Ambrisentan: Month 0 (Baseline of study AMB115811), 1, 2, 3, 4, Early Withdrawal (EW) (AMB115811), 5, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19; and at End of Study
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    9 [55]
    17 [56]
    Units: Percent change
    geometric mean (standard deviation)
        Month 1, n=8, 15
    -49.5 ± 1.4
    -15.8 ± 0.36
        Month 2, n=0, 15
    99999 ± 99999
    -23.3 ± 0.59
        Month 3, n=8, 14
    -20.1 ± 0.86
    -21.9 ± 0.61
        Month 4, n= 0, 14
    99999 ± 99999
    -29.4 ± 0.5
        EW (AMB115811), n=0, 2
    99999 ± 99999
    -14.9 ± 0.31
        Month 5, n=1, 10
    99999 ± 99999
    -24.5 ± 0.69
        Month 6, n=5, 0
    -53.5 ± 1.22
    99999 ± 99999
        Month 7, n=0, 8
    99999 ± 99999
    -32.5 ± 0.73
        Month 9, n=3, 1
    -11.2 ± 0.71
    99999 ± 99999
        Month 10, n=0, 6
    99999 ± 99999
    -20.1 ± 0.78
        Month 12, n=1, 0
    -67.9 ± 99999
    99999 ± 99999
        Month 13, n=0, 5
    99999 ± 99999
    7.7 ± 0.79
        Month 16, n=0, 4
    99999 ± 99999
    -2.8 ± 1.15
        Month 19, n=0, 1
    99999 ± 99999
    43.1 ± 99999
        End of study, n=8, 9
    -30.5 ± 0.85
    -41.7 ± 0.86
    Notes
    [55] - ITT Population. Placebo arm: includes par. who received ambrisentan treatment during extension study
    [56] - ITT Population
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Time to first change in dose of open-label ambrisentan due to deterioration of clinical conditions in any participant

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    End point title
    Time to first change in dose of open-label ambrisentan due to deterioration of clinical conditions in any participant
    End point description
    The time to change in dose of ambrisentan or other targeted PAH therapeutic agents (prostanoids, PDE-5 inhibitors) due to deterioration of clinical condition. Dosing data were collected, but after the study was terminated, not all endpoints listed in the protocol were analyzed, including time to first change in dose of open-label ambrisentan. This decision was documented in the reporting and analysis plan prior to database lock.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From Entry visit of the extension study up to End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [57]
    0 [58]
    Units: Days
        number (not applicable)
    Notes
    [57] - Data were not analyzed
    [58] - Data were not analyzed
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Time to first addition of another targeted PAH therapeutic agent due to deterioration of clinical condition or lack of beneficial effect with previous therapy in any participant

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    End point title
    Time to first addition of another targeted PAH therapeutic agent due to deterioration of clinical condition or lack of beneficial effect with previous therapy in any participant
    End point description
    The time to addition of another targeted PAH therapeutic agents (prostanoids, PDE-5 inhibitors) due to the following reasons: Deterioration of clinical condition; Lack of beneficial effect with previous therapy (not reaching set treatment goals). PAH therapies were collected, but after the study was terminated, not all endpoints listed in the protocol were analyzed, including time to first addition of another targeted PAH therapeutic agent. This decision was documented in the reporting and analysis plan prior to database lock.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From Entry visit of the extension study up to End of Study (assessed up to approximately 16 months)
    End point values
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [59]
    0 [60]
    Units: Days
        number (not applicable)
    Notes
    [59] - Data were not analyzed
    [60] - Data were not analyzed
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) will include AEs up to 30 days after their last dose, assessed up to approximately 16 months.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    TEAEs are reported for the Safety (Extension) Population. TEAEs are: a) new events that started during the extension study. For par. withdrawn from the study, TEAEs included AEs up to 30 days after last dose b) ongoing AEs that started before the extension study but were either not reported in study AMB115811 or worsened during the extension study.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    18.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Previous Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants received placebo tablet once daily (OD) for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants received ambrisentan 5 milligrams (mg) tablet OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Reporting group title
    Previous Ambrisentan
    Reporting group description
    Participants received ambrisentan 5 mg tablet OD for 16 weeks in study AMB115811. Upon enrollment in the extension study AMB116457, participants continued to receive ambrisentan 5 mg OD. The dose could be up-titrated to ambrisentan 10 mg OD or adjusted back to ambrisentan 5 mg OD.

    Serious adverse events
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 9 (33.33%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    1
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Investigations
    Electrocardiogram repolarisation abnormality
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oxygen saturation decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Aortic stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bradyarrhythmia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 9 (22.22%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Right ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ventricular tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Implant site extravasation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Previous Placebo Previous Ambrisentan
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 9 (88.89%)
    6 / 10 (60.00%)
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Blood potassium decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Foot fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cyanosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Migraine
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hyperthermia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Influenza like illness
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Non-cardiac chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 9 (33.33%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 9 (22.22%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Hiatus hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Haemoptysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Productive cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Renal impairment
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Tendonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Infections and infestations
    Bacteriuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Bronchitis bacterial
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Erysipelas
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 9 (0.00%)
    1 / 10 (10.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    5
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    2 / 10 (20.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    3
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Tonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Tracheitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Iron deficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 9 (11.11%)
    0 / 10 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    12 Mar 2013
    Update to maximum study sample size following changes to the Double-Blind study (AMB115811) Correction to the IP storage conditions to change from 15-30ºC to up to 30 ºC. Revision of pregnancy follow-up information to include partners of male subjects in the study and to be consistent with the AMB115811 study Correct to the description of several efficacy assessments and timepoints to remove the requirement to perform efficacy tests 30 days after discontinuation of IP (safety only is required for this follow-up)
    03 Jul 2013
    Clarification on the study design: subject’s study participation duration Clarifications on inclusion criteria: -in case of prematurely withdrawal from study AMB115811 for whatever reason, the investigator to decide whether or not the subject received the IP. -addition of some general inclusion criteria on reliable methods of contraception, non participation to another study and signature of the approved consent form. Clarification on the treatment given after the end of the study Change in the visit window of month 1 and monthly visits (+/- 7 days) Vital signs, clarification on blood pressure measurements Clarification on the study medication storage temperatures

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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