E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Recurrent urinary tract infection in people who use intermittent bladder catheterisation. |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
Repeated episodes of cystitis in people who have to use a catheter to empty their bladder. |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Bacterial Infections and Mycoses [C01] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.2 | Version | 14.1 |
E.1.2 | Level | PT |
E.1.2 | Classification code | 10064736 |
E.1.2 | Term | Antibiotic prophylaxis |
E.1.2 | System Organ Class | 10042613 - Surgical and medical procedures |
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E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | No |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
The principal research question is to determine whether use of antibiotic prophylaxis over 12 months results in a clinically significant (real and worthwhile) reduction in the rate of symptomatic, antibiotic-treated urinary tract infection suffered by people performing intermittent self-bladder catheterisation compared to no prophylaxis. We will also calculate which treatment strategy gives best value for money to patients and the NHS by measuring the cost per urinary infection avoided by use of antibiotic prophylaxis. During the first 12 months of the trial we will determine whether recruitment to planned trial duration and sample size is going to succeed by monitoring numbers of randomised participants. Specific objectives for this first phase of the study are to find out how quickly individual research sites can begin to recruit patients to the trial, to find out how many eligible patients are identified and how many of those agree to participate per month, and to monitor whether |
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
Secondary objectives during the full trial phase are: Clinical - Determine the relative effect on quality of life (QoL) amongst trial participants. - Measure overall satisfaction with prophylactic antibiotic treatment. - Assess participants’ perception of benefit at 12 months. - Record adverse effects related to both prophylaxis and no prophylaxis antibiotic treatment strategies. - Determine relative rates of need to be admitted to hospital because of urinary infection. - Measure any change in kidney function at 12 months. - Determine rates of asymptomatic bacteriuria (bacteria in urine without symptoms of infection) at 12 months. - Assess change in antibiotic resistance patterns of the commonest bacterium, Escherichia coli, isolated from urine and perianal swabs. Economic - Calculate the financial cost of any benefit in quality of life. - Assess participants’ willingness to pay to avoid a UTI by a questionnaire technique called contingent valuation at end of trial partic |
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
- Adult men and women aged ≥ 18 years. - Completed training of CISC and predicted to continue use for at least 12 months. - Able to give informed consent for participation in trial. - Able and willing to adhere to a 12-month follow up period. - Have either suffered at least two episodes of symptomatic UTI related to CISC within last 12 months or, for those previously prescribed prophylactic antibiotic for UTI, have completed a 3-month washout period without antibiotic prophylaxis. - Able to take a once daily oral dose of at least one of nitrofurantoin, or trimethoprim, or cefalexin. - Intermittent catheterisation may be performed by participant, spouse, or carer. - No restriction on type of catheter used. |
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
- Age < 18 years. - In learning phase of CISC. - Presence of symptomatic UTI – this will be treated and symptoms resolved prior to randomisation. - Already taking prophylactic antibiotic against UTI and declining 3-month washout period without antibiotic prophylaxis (this will be specifically monitored). - Inability to take any one of the three prophylactic antibiotic agents due to multiple drug sensitivities. - Women who intend to become pregnant during planned period of trial participation or who are pregnant or who are breastfeeding. - Previous participation in this study. - Inability to give informed consent or complete trial documentation. |
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
The primary clincial outcome is the difference in incidence of symptomatic UTI during the 12-month observation period defined as the presence of at least one patient-reported or clinician-recorded symptom from a predefined list encompassing the recommendations of the British Infection Association (BIA), the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and spinal cord injury UTI consensus statement, together with taking a discrete treatment course of antibiotics prescribed by a clinician or as part of a patient-initiated self-start policy. The rate of UTI will be defined as the incident density rate; the number of UTI suffered during the observation period minus days spent taking treatment courses of antibiotics active against urinary tract organisms. |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
Secondary clinical outcome measures: • Febrile UTI defined as the primary outcome + presence of a recorded fever of more than 38 C. Confirmed by inspection of primary or secondary healthcare record by research staff. • Microbiologically-confirmed symptomatic UTI defined as the primary outcome + positive urine culture. Participants will provide a intermittent catheter specimen of urine (CSU) for local analysis as requested by the treating clinician. This will be analysed according to clinician decision by the local microbiology using local SOP. We will also ask the participant to send an CSU to the central microbiology laboratory in Newcastle upon Tyne each time they consider they have symptoms suggestive of UTI and intend to commence a treatment course of antibiotic. This will be analysed and cultured on receipt in the central laboratory and the result used for outcome purposes but not for routine care. • Antibiotic prescription for asymptomatic UTI without participant-reported or clinician recoded evidence of symptom change. • Asymptomatic bacteriuria defined as a positive urine culture in the absence of symptoms. Participants will be asked to provide a CSU sent to the central laboratory in provided packaging at baseline prior to randomisation and during asymptomatic periods in months 3, 6, 9 and 12 of their trial participation. They will also be separately consented to provide a CSU six months after completion of trial (18-month timepoint). • Hospitalisation due to UTI defined as an unplanned visit to hospital for treatment of a UTI which required at least one overnight stay in hospital. Collected from healthcare record review and checked from participant report or enquiry. • Participant perception of benefit. We will record and analyse semi-structured interviews with up to 30 participants purposively sampled from both trial arms on completion of their 12-month trial period. • Overall satisfaction with allocated treatment strategy. Participants will complete the treatment satisfaction questionnaire for medication at 12 months as part of their completion of trial questionnaire. • Generic health-related quality of life. Participant completion of the SF-36 1-week recall questionnaire at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months and within the first 2 days of each episode of symptomatic antibiotic-treated UTI prompted by telephone, e mail or text message. Secondary health economic outcomes: • The main economic outcome is the incremental cost per urinary tract infection avoided. • Cost - utility analysis measuring the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained over 12 months derived from participant completion of the SF-36. • Cost - benefit analysis using partipant's willingness to pay to avoid a UTI measured by completion of the contingent valuation questionnaire at 12 months. |
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | Yes |
E.6.3 | Therapy | Yes |
E.6.4 | Safety | Yes |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | No |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | No |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | No |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | Yes |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | Yes |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Yes |
E.8.1.2 | Open | Yes |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | No |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | No |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Yes |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | No |
E.8.1.7 | Other | No |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | No |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | No |
E.8.2.3 | Other | Yes |
E.8.2.3.1 | Comparator description |
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E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 2 |
E.8.3 |
The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned
| No |
E.8.4 | The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned | Yes |
E.8.4.1 | Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned | 40 |
E.8.5 | The trial involves multiple Member States | No |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.1 | Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA | No |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | No |
E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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Last visit of the last subject recruited to the trial. |
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned years | 3 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned months | 5 |
E.8.9.1 | In the Member State concerned days | 28 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 3 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 5 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 28 |