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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Multicenter, Single-arm, Open-label, Postmarketing Safety Study to Evaluate the Risk of Seizure Among Subjects with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) Treated with Enzalutamide Who Are at Potential Increased Risk of Seizure (UPWARD)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2013-003022-92
    Trial protocol
    SE   DE   HU   GB   BE   FI   IT   CZ   GR   ES  
    Global end of trial date
    11 Jan 2019

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    27 Nov 2019
    First version publication date
    27 Nov 2019
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    9785-CL-0403
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01977651
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc.
    Sponsor organisation address
    1 Astellas Way, Northbrook, United States, 60062
    Public contact
    Clinical Trial Disclosure, Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc., 800 888-7704, astellas.resultsdisclosure@astellas.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trial Disclosure, Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc., 800 888-7704, astellas.resultsdisclosure@astellas.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    11 Jan 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    11 Jan 2019
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the seizure rate and monitor the safety of enzalutamide treatment in participants with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) known to have risk factor(s) for seizure.
    Protection of trial subjects
    This clinical study was written, conducted and reported in accordance with the protocol, International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Guidelines, and applicable local regulations, including the European Directive 2001/20/EC, on the protection of human rights, and with the ethical principles that have their origin in the Declaration of Helsinki. Astellas ensures that the use and disclosure of protected health information (PHI) obtained during a research study complies with the federal, national and/or regional legislation related to the privacy and protection of personal information.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    25 Sep 2013
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Chile: 57
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czech Republic: 17
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Finland: 23
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 9
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Israel: 61
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 25
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 12
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    New Zealand: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Singapore: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 48
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Sweden: 6
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Taiwan: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 9
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 76
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 36
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 16
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 6
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    424
    EEA total number of subjects
    149
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    66
    From 65 to 84 years
    313
    85 years and over
    45

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Study enrolled male participants with histologically-confirmed metastatic adenocarcinoma of prostate with ongoing androgen deprivation therapy with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue (agonist or antagonist) or a prior orchiectomy. Participants were evaluated by a neurologist who determined they had at least 1 risk factor for seizure.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Participants who met all inclusion and none of the exclusion criteria were enrolled into the study, completing a 4-month treatment period. At the end of treatment period participants who benefited from the treatment were allowed to continue in the extension period for 12 months.

    Pre-assignment period milestones
    Number of subjects started
    424
    Number of subjects completed
    423

    Pre-assignment subject non-completion reasons
    Reason: Number of subjects
    Participant enrolled but died before treatment: 1
    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatment Period 1 (Primary 4 Months)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Arm description
    Participants received 160 mg of enzalutamide orally once a day, for 4 months.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Enzalutamide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    MDV3100
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received 4 capsules (40 mg each) of enzalutamide orally once a day, for a total daily dose of 160 mg. Treatment was given with or without food and as close as possible to the same time each day.

    Number of subjects in period 1 [1]
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Started
    423
    Received treatment
    423
    Completed
    322
    Not completed
    101
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    17
         Physician decision
    4
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    34
         Death
    3
         Progressive disease
    43
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: One participant was screened and enrolled but died the following day before receiving the study drug.
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Treatment Period 2 (Extension 12 Months)
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Non-randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Arm description
    At the end of the 4-month treatment period, participants who were assessed as deriving benefit from enzalutamide treatment continued in the 12 month extension period. The total study drug treatment duration for the extended period depended on individual clinical benefit. If a participant experienced a Grade 3 or higher toxicity that was attributed to enzalutamide and could not be ameliorated by the use of adequate medical intervention, treatment with enzalutamide was allowed to be interrupted for 1 week or until the toxicity grade improved to Grade 2 or lower severity. Subsequently, enzalutamide was restarted at the original dose 160 mg per day or a reduced dose 120 or 80 mg per day in consultation with the medical monitor.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Enzalutamide
    Investigational medicinal product code
    MDV3100
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Participants received 4 capsules (40 mg each) of enzalutamide orally once a day, for a total daily dose of 160 mg. Treatment was given with or without food and as close as possible to the same time each day.

    Number of subjects in period 2 [2]
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Started
    287
    Completed
    157
    Not completed
    130
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    11
         Physician decision
    6
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    14
         Death
    10
         Miscellaneous
    1
         Progressive disease
    86
         Lost to follow-up
    2
    Notes
    [2] - The number of subjects starting the period is not consistent with the number completing the preceding period. It is expected the number of subjects starting the subsequent period will be the same as the number completing the preceding period.
    Justification: Only participants who were assessed to benefit from enzalutamide treatment were treated in the extension period after completing the 4-month treatment.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants received 160 mg of enzalutamide orally once a day, for 4 months.

    Reporting group values
    Enzalutamide 160 mg Total
    Number of subjects
    423
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    73.2 ( 8.99 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units:
        Male
    423 423
    Race
    The analysis population was the safety analysis set (SAF), which consisted of participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug and for whom any data was reported after first dose of study drug.
    Units: Subjects
        White
    381 381
        Black or African American
    9 9
        Asian
    25 25
        American Indian or Alaskan Native
    0 0
        Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
    1 1
        Other
    4 4
        No data
    3 3
    Ethnicity
    The analysis population was the safety analysis set (SAF).
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    89 89
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    331 331
        No data
    3 3
    Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) At Study Entry
    ECOG performance status is a scale used to measure disease progression and impact on daily activities. Scores range from 0 to 5, with 0- signifying fully active participant, grade 1-restricted in physically strenuous activity; grade 2 - ambulatory and capable of all self-care, unable to work; grade 3- capable of only limited self-care, confined to bed more than 50% of waking hours; grade 4-completely disabled and grade 5- dead. Negative change scores indicate an improvement and positive scores indicate a decline in participant’s disease progression and their daily activities. (SAF)
    Units: Subjects
        Score 0
    188 188
        Score 1
    190 190
        Score 2
    45 45

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants received 160 mg of enzalutamide orally once a day, for 4 months.
    Reporting group title
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Reporting group description
    At the end of the 4-month treatment period, participants who were assessed as deriving benefit from enzalutamide treatment continued in the 12 month extension period. The total study drug treatment duration for the extended period depended on individual clinical benefit. If a participant experienced a Grade 3 or higher toxicity that was attributed to enzalutamide and could not be ameliorated by the use of adequate medical intervention, treatment with enzalutamide was allowed to be interrupted for 1 week or until the toxicity grade improved to Grade 2 or lower severity. Subsequently, enzalutamide was restarted at the original dose 160 mg per day or a reduced dose 120 or 80 mg per day in consultation with the medical monitor.

    Primary: The Percentage of Evaluable Participants With at Least One Confirmed Seizure as Adjudicated by the Independent Adjudication Committee (IAC)

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    End point title
    The Percentage of Evaluable Participants With at Least One Confirmed Seizure as Adjudicated by the Independent Adjudication Committee (IAC) [1]
    End point description
    The analysis population was the seizure risk evaluation set (SRES), which consisted of of all evaluable participants. An evaluable participant was defined as a participant with a confirmed seizure during the 4-month treatment period of the study or a participant who completed at least 3 months (75%) of the planned treatment. One participant had their first confirmed seizure event as adjudicated by the IAC on Day 147, post 4 months of treatment. The subject's total duration of exposure is 79 days, which included a long interruption of study drug from Day 21 to Day 88. This subject is included in SRES but the IAC confirmed first seizure event was not included in the primary analysis.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Day 1 up to Week 17 (End of Treatment)
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: There were no pre-specified statistical analyses planned for this end point.
    End point values
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Number of subjects analysed
    366
    Units: Percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    1.1 (0.3 to 2.8)
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From first dose of study drug up to 30 days after last dose of study drug (up to 12 months)
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    16
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants received 160 mg of enzalutamide orally once a day, for 4 months.

    Serious adverse events
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    193 / 423 (45.63%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    62
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    58
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Basal cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Benign neoplasm of ureter
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Bladder cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cholangiocarcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lung neoplasm malignant
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Malignant neoplasm progression
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 423 (8.04%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 39
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 23
    Metastases to liver
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metastases to lymph nodes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metastases to spine
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Neoplasm malignant
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Rectal cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Skin cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Squamous cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Aortic aneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Deep vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Bladder lesion excision
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Internal fixation of fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Joint arthroplasty
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Device leakage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Drug ineffective
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gait disturbance
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General physical health deterioration
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 423 (2.36%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    4 / 18
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 5
    Glassy eyes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Multi-organ failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 423 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Performance status decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 423 (1.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 10
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Spinal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Sudden cardiac death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Pelvic pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 423 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea exertional
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemoptysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Orthopnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Respiratory disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Agitation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Confusional state
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 423 (2.36%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    5 / 10
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Delirium
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Disorientation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Fear of falling
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Mental status changes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Panic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Paranoia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    C-reactive protein increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cystoscopy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemoglobin decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Prostatic specific antigen increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Ankle fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cervical vertebral fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 423 (2.36%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 10
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Femoral neck fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Femur fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hip fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Humerus fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lower limb fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pelvic fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Post procedural haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Procedural pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Subdural haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Subdural haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Upper limb fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urostomy complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrial flutter
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Atrioventricular block complete
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Cardiac failure chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    Cardiogenic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Coronary artery disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Mitral valve incompetence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 423 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    Right ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Ventricular tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Altered state of consciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Brain stem stroke
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Carotid artery stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Central nervous system haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebral artery occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebral artery stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebral haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cognitive disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Convulsion
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 423 (1.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    4 / 10
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diplegia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dysgeusia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Epilepsy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Grand mal convulsion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhage intracranial
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhagic stroke
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    IIIrd nerve paralysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lethargy
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Loss of consciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nerve root compression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Normal pressure hydrocephalus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Parkinson's disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Presyncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Somnolence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Spinal cord compression
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 423 (1.65%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 8
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 423 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Transient global amnesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 423 (2.13%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 11
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Anaemia of malignant disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Aplastic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Thrombocytopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Hypoacusis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vertigo
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Blindness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Eye pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vision blurred
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 423 (1.42%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 6
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Colonic obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Duodenal ulcer haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dysphagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Ileus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Proctalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 423 (1.65%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    3 / 8
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Hepatocellular injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Jaundice cholestatic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Anuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Bladder dilatation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dysuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 423 (1.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 12
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hydronephrosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nephritic syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Renal failure acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urethral stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary bladder haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 423 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 423 (1.42%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Bone pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 423 (1.89%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 8
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Flank pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lumbar spinal stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Muscular weakness
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pathological fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pubic pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Anal abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Bronchopneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Candiduria
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Corona virus infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Diverticulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Enterocolitis infectious
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Erysipelas
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Escherichia urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Localised infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lung infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 423 (3.07%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 16
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    Pyelonephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pyelonephritis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Spinal cord infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Streptococcal urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tracheobronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection bacterial
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 423 (0.71%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection enterococcal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection staphylococcal
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Urosepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Cachexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 423 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Failure to thrive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypercalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypoglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 423 (0.47%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hyponatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 423 (0.95%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hypophagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 423 (0.24%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Enzalutamide 160 mg
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    318 / 423 (75.18%)
    Investigations
    Weight decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    26 / 423 (6.15%)
         occurrences all number
    27
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 423 (5.67%)
         occurrences all number
    31
    Vascular disorders
    Hot flush
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 423 (5.67%)
         occurrences all number
    26
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    31 / 423 (7.33%)
         occurrences all number
    36
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 423 (5.91%)
         occurrences all number
    26
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    53 / 423 (12.53%)
         occurrences all number
    82
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    86 / 423 (20.33%)
         occurrences all number
    113
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    92 / 423 (21.75%)
         occurrences all number
    120
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    33 / 423 (7.80%)
         occurrences all number
    39
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 423 (5.44%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 423 (10.87%)
         occurrences all number
    50
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    43 / 423 (10.17%)
         occurrences all number
    54
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    55 / 423 (13.00%)
         occurrences all number
    65
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 423 (5.67%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    33 / 423 (7.80%)
         occurrences all number
    37
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 423 (6.38%)
         occurrences all number
    34
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    47 / 423 (11.11%)
         occurrences all number
    56
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    68 / 423 (16.08%)
         occurrences all number
    82
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 423 (5.20%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 423 (6.38%)
         occurrences all number
    33
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    77 / 423 (18.20%)
         occurrences all number
    92

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    25 Nov 2013
    The changes include: Updates were made to fulfill requirements for a Post Authorization Safety Study as defined by EMA: o The sample size calculation was refined to include the incidence rate of seizure (2.8 per 100 person-years). o The description of the study design was expanded to include potential limitations of the study design, data sources and analytical methods. o A statement on the source population was added to state that the patients were drawn from various sources including hospitals, private practices and community-based organizations. o The expected age range of the patient population was added. o A statement was added that patients with alcoholism were allowed into the study assuming eligibility criteria were met. o An appendix outlining the countries planned for participation in the study was added. o An appendix outlining the study milestones was added. ● The suspected seizure event visit window was updated to accommodate logistical challenges that could arise due to hospitalization of patients or transportation challenges in rural areas where modes of transportation could be limited. ● The anti-seizure drug pregabalin was re-categorized as an acceptable drug unlikely to cause interaction with enzalutamide after the team re-examined the potential for drug-drug interaction with pregabalin and enzalutamide. The re-categorization was based on the determination that pregabalin undergoes very little metabolism, is excreted in the urine mostly intact as parent and does not inhibit or induce metabolic enzymes in vitro. ● The timing of additional radiographic disease assessments was clarified to ensure a frequency of no more than every 12 weeks to avoid over-exposure to a patient. ● A statement on data interpretation of enzalutamide was added to clarify that no direct comparison was planned but that the results from the study would be interpreted in the context of all available relevant data.
    25 Nov 2013
    The changes include: The word “Adverse Events” was deleted from the list of data to be collected for screen failures based on the timing of AE collection defined in the protocol. ● Additional nonsubstantial changes were made to add EudraCT information, update contact information and incorporate minor wording changes.
    20 Aug 2014
    The changes include: The seizure incidence rate was changed from “0.5% to 0.9%” to “< 1%” and “cognitive/memory impairment” was changed from a potential risk to an identified risk. The changes were based on more current experience regarding enzalutamide and seizures as reflected in the updated Investigator’s Brochure. ● Additional nonsubstantial changes were made including an increase in the number of sites participating in the study, addition of a statement outlining the limit of patients enrolled under a specific risk category (i.e., class of medication) to ensure patients with a reasonably balanced set of risk characteristics were enrolled in the study, addition of a statement to allow for destruction of the study drug at the site with the sponsor permission, addition of a statement indicating patients with Alzheimer’s disease are permitted to be enrolled into the study and the incorporation of other minor wording changes.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    After completing 12 months extension period participants who were assessed to benefit from enzalutamide completed their treatment in another Astellas study.
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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