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    The EU Clinical Trials Register currently displays   43843   clinical trials with a EudraCT protocol, of which   7282   are clinical trials conducted with subjects less than 18 years old.   The register also displays information on   18700   older paediatric trials (in scope of Article 45 of the Paediatric Regulation (EC) No 1901/2006).

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    Summary
    EudraCT Number:2015-001975-30
    Sponsor's Protocol Code Number:BAY59-7939/17938
    National Competent Authority:Italy - Italian Medicines Agency
    Clinical Trial Type:EEA CTA
    Trial Status:Completed
    Date on which this record was first entered in the EudraCT database:2018-08-17
    Trial results View results
    Index
    A. PROTOCOL INFORMATION
    B. SPONSOR INFORMATION
    C. APPLICANT IDENTIFICATION
    D. IMP IDENTIFICATION
    D.8 INFORMATION ON PLACEBO
    E. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE TRIAL
    F. POPULATION OF TRIAL SUBJECTS
    G. INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS TO BE INVOLVED IN THE TRIAL
    N. REVIEW BY THE COMPETENT AUTHORITY OR ETHICS COMMITTEE IN THE COUNTRY CONCERNED
    P. END OF TRIAL
    Expand All   Collapse All
    A. Protocol Information
    A.1Member State ConcernedItaly - Italian Medicines Agency
    A.2EudraCT number2015-001975-30
    A.3Full title of the trial
    Global multicenter, open-label, randomized, event-driven, active-controlled
    study comparing a rivAroxaban-based antithrombotic strategy to an antipLatelet-based strategy after transcatheter aortIc vaLve rEplacement (TAVR) to Optimize clinical outcomes
    Studio globale multicentrico in aperto, randomizzato, event-driven, a controllo attivo per la comparazione di una strategia antitrombotica a base di rivAroxaban rispetto ad una strategia di anti-aggregazione piastrinica in seguito a sostituzione valvolare aortica transcatetere (TAVR - Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement), al fine di ottimizzare gli esiti clinici.
    A.3.1Title of the trial for lay people, in easily understood, i.e. non-technical, language
    A study to compare rivaroxaban, following successful TAVR, to an antiplatelet drug and determine if it is superior in reducing death or first thromboembolic events (DTE) and non-inferior towards primary bleeding events (PBE).
    Studio globale per la comparazione di una strategia antitrombotica a base di rivAroxaban rispetto ad una strategia di anti-aggregazione piastrinica in seguito a sostituzione valvolare aortica transcatetere, al fine di ottimizzare gli esiti clinici.
    A.3.2Name or abbreviated title of the trial where available
    GALILEO
    GALILEO
    A.4.1Sponsor's protocol code numberBAY59-7939/17938
    A.7Trial is part of a Paediatric Investigation Plan No
    A.8EMA Decision number of Paediatric Investigation Plan
    B. Sponsor Information
    B.Sponsor: 1
    B.1.1Name of SponsorBAYER HEALTHCARE AG
    B.1.3.4CountryItaly
    B.3.1 and B.3.2Status of the sponsorCommercial
    B.4 Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support for the clinical trial:
    B.4.1Name of organisation providing supportBAYER HEALTHCARE AG
    B.4.2CountryGermany
    B.5 Contact point designated by the sponsor for further information on the trial
    B.5.1Name of organisationBAYER HEALTHCARE AG
    B.5.2Functional name of contact pointBayer Clinical Trials Contact CTP T
    B.5.3 Address:
    B.5.3.1Street AddressBayer Pharma AG, S102, Level 2 Room 156
    B.5.3.2Town/ cityBerlin
    B.5.3.3Post code13342
    B.5.3.4CountryGermany
    B.5.4Telephone numberna
    B.5.5Fax numberna
    B.5.6E-mailclinical-trials-contact@bayerhealthcare.com
    D. IMP Identification
    D.IMP: 1
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name XARELTO - 10 MG COMPRESSE RIVESTITE CON FILM - USO ORALE - BLISTER (PP/ALU) 100 COMPRESSE
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderBAYER PHARMA AG
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationItaly
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product namerivaroxaban
    D.3.2Product code BAY 59-7939; JNJ-39036039
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Film-coated tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMP
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNRIVAROXABAN
    D.3.9.1CAS number 366789-02-8
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeBAY 59-7939
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameRIVAROXABAN
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB29263
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number10
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 2
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name XARELTO - 15 MG - COMPRESSE RIVESTITE CON FILM - USO ORALE BLISTER (PP/ALU) 100 (10X10X1) COMPRESSE (DOSE UNITARIA) (CONFEZIONE MULTIPLA)
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderBAYER PHARMA AG
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationItaly
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product namerivaroxaban
    D.3.2Product code BAY 59-7939; JNJ-39039039
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Film-coated tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMP
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNRIVAROXABAN
    D.3.9.1CAS number 366789-02-8
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeBAY 59-7939
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameRIVAROXABAN
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB29263
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number15
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 3
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleTest
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name XARELTO - 20 MG - COMPRESSA RIVESTITA CON FILM - USO ORALE - BLISTER (PP/ALU) 10 X 1 COMPRESSE
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderBAYER PHARMA AG
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationItaly
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product namerivaroxaban
    D.3.2Product code BAY 59-7939; JNJ-39039039
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Film-coated tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMP
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNRIVAROXABAN
    D.3.9.1CAS number 366789-02-8
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeBAY 59-7939
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameRIVAROXABAN
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB29263
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number20
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 4
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleComparator
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name ASPIRINETTA - 100 MG COMPRESSE 24 COMPRESSE
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderBAYER S.P.A.
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationItaly
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameacido acetilsalicilico
    D.3.2Product code SUB12730MIG
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMP
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNacetylsalycylic acid
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeASA
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameacetylsalycylic acid
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB12730MIG
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number75 to 100
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 5
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleComparator
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name CLOPIDOGREL PFIZER - 75 MG COMPRESSE RIVESTITE CON FILM "" 14 COMPRESSE IN BLISTER OPA/AL/PVC/AL
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderPFIZER ITALIA S.R.L.
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationItaly
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product nameclopidogrel
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMP
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNCLOPIDOGREL
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codeclopidogrel
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameCLOPIDOGREL
    D.3.9.4EV Substance CodeSUB12483MIG
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typeequal
    D.3.10.3Concentration number75
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.IMP: 6
    D.1.2 and D.1.3IMP RoleComparator
    D.2 Status of the IMP to be used in the clinical trial
    D.2.1IMP to be used in the trial has a marketing authorisation Yes
    D.2.1.1.1Trade name COUMADIN - 5 MG COMPRESSE 30 COMPRESSE
    D.2.1.1.2Name of the Marketing Authorisation holderBRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB S.R.L.
    D.2.1.2Country which granted the Marketing AuthorisationItaly
    D.2.5The IMP has been designated in this indication as an orphan drug in the Community No
    D.2.5.1Orphan drug designation number
    D.3 Description of the IMP
    D.3.1Product namecoumadin
    D.3.2Product code B01AA03
    D.3.4Pharmaceutical form Tablet
    D.3.4.1Specific paediatric formulation No
    D.3.7Routes of administration for this IMP
    D.3.8 to D.3.10 IMP Identification Details (Active Substances)
    D.3.8INN - Proposed INNWARFARIN SODICO
    D.3.9.2Current sponsor codewarfarin
    D.3.9.3Other descriptive nameWARFARIN SODICO
    D.3.10 Strength
    D.3.10.1Concentration unit mg milligram(s)
    D.3.10.2Concentration typerange
    D.3.10.3Concentration number2.5 to 5
    D.3.11 The IMP contains an:
    D.3.11.1Active substance of chemical origin Yes
    D.3.11.2Active substance of biological/ biotechnological origin (other than Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    The IMP is a:
    D.3.11.3Advanced Therapy IMP (ATIMP) No
    D.3.11.3.1Somatic cell therapy medicinal product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.2Gene therapy medical product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.3Tissue Engineered Product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.4Combination ATIMP (i.e. one involving a medical device) Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.3.5Committee on Advanced therapies (CAT) has issued a classification for this product Information not present in EudraCT
    D.3.11.4Combination product that includes a device, but does not involve an Advanced Therapy No
    D.3.11.5Radiopharmaceutical medicinal product No
    D.3.11.6Immunological medicinal product (such as vaccine, allergen, immune serum) No
    D.3.11.7Plasma derived medicinal product No
    D.3.11.8Extractive medicinal product No
    D.3.11.9Recombinant medicinal product No
    D.3.11.10Medicinal product containing genetically modified organisms No
    D.3.11.11Herbal medicinal product No
    D.3.11.12Homeopathic medicinal product No
    D.3.11.13Another type of medicinal product No
    D.8 Information on Placebo
    E. General Information on the Trial
    E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.1Medical condition(s) being investigated
    Patients with severe aortic stenosis that require Transcatheter aortic valve replacement are at risk of thrombus formation. Rivaroxaban (oral- anticoagulant) may reduce this risk, without increasing bleeding risk
    Pazienti con grave stenosi aortica, che richiedono la sostituzione della valvola aortica transcatetere a rischio di formazione di trombi. Rivaroxaban (anticoagulante orale) può ridurre questo rischio, senza aumentare il rischio di sanguinamento
    E.1.1.1Medical condition in easily understood language
    Narrowing of the aortic valve opening, called aortic stenosis, which is treated with Transcatheter aortic valve replacement, implanted by vascular catheterization in the aortic valve.
    il restringimento dell'apertura della valvola aortica (stenosi aortica) viene trattato con sostituzione transcatetere della valvola aortica, impiantato con cateterizzazione vascolare
    E.1.1.2Therapeutic area Diseases [C] - Cardiovascular Diseases [C14]
    MedDRA Classification
    E.1.2 Medical condition or disease under investigation
    E.1.2Version 20.0
    E.1.2Level PT
    E.1.2Classification code 10002916
    E.1.2Term Aortic valve replacement
    E.1.2System Organ Class 10042613 - Surgical and medical procedures
    E.1.3Condition being studied is a rare disease No
    E.2 Objective of the trial
    E.2.1Main objective of the trial
    To assess whether a rivaroxaban-based anticoagulation strategy, following successful TAVR, compared to an antiplatelet-based strategy, is superior in reducing death or first thromboembolic events (DTE).

    To assess whether a rivaroxaban-based strategy, following TAVR, compared to an antiplatelet-based strategy, is non-inferior towards primary bleeding events (PBE).
    Valutare se una strategia anticoagulante a base di rivaroxaban, attuata in seguito ad una TAVR riuscita, sia maggiormente in grado di ridurre la mortalità o i primi eventi tromboembolici (DTE – Death or Thromboembolic Events) rispetto ad una strategia di anti-aggregazione piastrinica.
    Accertare che una strategia a base di rivaroxaban, attuata in seguito ad una TAVR, non sia inferiore per quanto riguarda l’insorgenza di eventi emorragici primari (PBE – Primary Bleeding Events) rispetto ad una strategia di anti-aggregazione piastrinica.
    E.2.2Secondary objectives of the trial
    The secondary efficacy objectives are to compare the effects of the rivaroxaban-based strategy and antiplatelet-based strategy with respect to the net-clinical-benefit, defined as the composite of death or first thromboembolic events and life-threatening, disabling, or major
    bleeding events classified according to the VARC definitions following the BARC classification.

    Whereas the secondary safety objectives are safety criteria with respect to bleeding (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] major or minor bleeds, international society on thrombosis and haemostasis [ISTH] major bleeding, and BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeds).
    Gli obiettivi secondari di efficacia sono confrontare gli effetti della strategia a base di rivaroxaban e a base di antiaggregante-rispetto al benefici clinici, definiti come morte o primi eventi tromboembolici pericolosi per la vita, invalidanti, o eventi di sanguinamento maggiori classificati in base alle definizioni VARC seguenti la classificazione BARC.

    Gli obiettivi di sicurezza secondari sono i criteri di sicurezza rispetto al sanguinamento (trombolisi nell'infarto miocardico (TIMI) sanguinamenti maggiori o minori, secondo la società internazionale di trombosi ed emostasi [ISTH] sanguinamento maggiore, e BARC 2, 3, o 5 sanguinamenti).
    E.2.3Trial contains a sub-study No
    E.3Principal inclusion criteria
    • Man or woman of 18 years of age or older
    • Have a successful TAVR of a native aortic valve stenosis

    • Via iliofemoral or subclavian access
    • With any approved/marketed TAVR device
    • Provide written IC
    Principali criteri di inclusione:
    • uomo o donna >18 anni
    •TAVR riuscita di una stenosi della valvola aortica nativa
    • Tramite accesso ileofemorale o succlaviale
    • Con un dispositivo omologato/commercializzato
    • Consenso informato (IC – Informed Consent) scritto
    E.4Principal exclusion criteria
    1. Any atrial fibrillation (AF), at the time of randomization or previous, with an ongoing indication for oral anticoagulant treatment
    2. Any other indication for continued treatment with any oral anticoagulant (OAC)

    3. Known bleeding diathesis, such as but not limited to:
    a. active internal bleeding, clinically significant bleeding, bleeding at a non-compressible site, or bleeding diathesis,
    b. platelet count ≤ 50,000/mm3 at screening
    c. Hemoglobin level < 8.5 g/dL
    d. history of intracranial hemorrhage or subdural hematoma
    e. major surgery, biopsy of a parenchymal organ, or serious trauma within 30 days before randomization
    f. active peptic ulcer or known upper GI bleeding within the last 3 months
    4. Any indication for dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for more than 3 months after randomization (such as coronary, carotid or peripheral stent implantation)
    5. Known hypersensitivity or contraindication to acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel or rivaroxaban or hypersensitivity to contrast media that could not be solved neither by switching to an alternate contrast media nor with pre-treatment with appropriate medication
    6. Routine use of oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)
    7. Concomitant therapy with systemic drugs that are strong inhibitors of both CYP 3A4 and P-gp (azole antimycotics such as ketoconazole and itraconazole or HIV protease inhibitors such as ritonavir)

    8. Concomitant therapy with drugs that are strong CYP 3A4 inducers
    (e.g. carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampin, St. John's wort)
    9. Concomitant therapy with omeprazole or esomeprazole that cannot be switched to an alternate medication.
    Concomitant conditions
    10. Planned coronary or vascular intervention or major surgery
    11. Clinically overt stroke within the last 3 months
    12. Severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2) or on dialysis, or post-TAVR unresolved acute kidney injury with renal dysfunction stage 2 or higher
    13. Moderate and severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class B or C) or any hepatic disease associated with coagulopathy
    14. Active infective endocarditis
    15. Active malignancy (diagnosed within 5 years) except for adequately treated non-melanoma skin cancer or other non-invasive or in situ neoplasm (e.g., cervical cancer in situ that has been successfully treated)

    16. Dementia or forgetfulness hindering compliance with medication intake or other study procedures
    17. Legally incompetent to provide IC
    18. Previous (30 days before enrolment) or concomitant participation in another clinical study with investigational medicinal product(s).
    19. Previous assignment to treatment during this study
    20. Close affiliation with the investigational site; e.g. a close relative of the investigator, dependent person (e.g. employee or student of the investigational site) or sponsor
    21. Female of childbearing potential
    a. Who are not surgically sterile, or who are sexually active and not willing to use adequate contraceptive measures with a failure rate less than 1% per year (e.g. oral contraceptives, contraceptive injections, intrauterine device, double-barrier method, male partner sterilization) before entry and throughout the study, or
    b. For whom a negative pregnancy test is unavailable before study entry, or
    c. Who are pregnant or breast feeding before study entry.


    1. Fibrillazione atriale (AF - Atrial Fibrillation), attuale o pregressa, con indicazione continua di una terapia anticoagulante orale
    2. Qualunque altra indicazione di terapia continuativa con un anticoagulante orale (OAC – Oral Anticoagulant)
    3. Diatesi emorragica nota come, ma non limitato a:
    a. emorragia interna attiva, emorragia clinicamente significativa,
    b. conta piastrinica ≤ 50.000/mm3 allo screening,
    c. livello di emoglobina < 8,5 g/dL,
    d. antecedenti di emorragia intracranica o di ematoma subdurale)
    e.intervento chirurgico, biopsia di un organo parenchimale, o gravi traumi, entro 30 giorni prima della randomizzazione
    f. ulcera peptica attiva o sanguinamento gastrointestinale superiore conosciuto negli ultimi 3 mesi
    • Qualsiasi indicazione di doppia terapia antipiastrinica (DAPT - Dual-AntiPlatelet Therapy) per più di 3 mesi dopo la randomizzazione (ad esempio, impianto di stent coronarico, carotideo o periferico)
    • Ictus clinicamente conclamato nel corso degli ultimi 3 mesi
    • Intervento coronarico o vascolare programmato o altro intervento chirurgico di rilievo
    • Grave insufficienza renale (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1,73 m2)
    • Qualsiasi indicazione per doppia terapia antipiastrinica (DAPT) per più di 3 mesi dopo la randomizzazione (ad esempio impianto coronarico, carotideo o di stent periferico)
    •. Ipersensibilità nota o controindicazione all' acido acetilsalicilico, clopidogrel o rivaroxaban o ipersensibilità ai mezzi di contrasto che non possano essere risolti né con il passaggio ad un altro mezzo di contrasto né con pre-trattamento con farmaci appropriati
    •. L'uso routinario di farmaci anti-infiammatori non steroidei per via orale (FANS)
    •. terapia concomitante con farmaci sistemici potenti inibitori di CYP3A4 e P-gp (antimicotici azolici come ketoconazolo e itraconazolo o inibitori dell'HIV proteasi come ritonavir)

    • La terapia concomitante con farmaci potenti induttori del CYP3A4
    (ad esempio carbamazepina, fenitoina, rifampicina, iperico)
    • terapia concomitante con omeprazolo o esomeprazolo che non possono essere sostituiti da un farmaco alternativo.
    • intervento coronarico o vascolare o di chirurgia maggiore programmato
    • ictus clinicamente evidente negli ultimi 3 mesi
    • Grave insufficienza renale (eGFR <30 ml / min / 1,73 m2) o in dialisi, o irrisolto danno renale post-TAVR acuta con disfunzione renale allo stadio 2 o superiore
    •. insufficienza epatica moderata e grave (Child-Pugh B o C) o qualsiasi altra malattia epatica associata a coagulopatia
    • endocardite infettiva attiva
    • neoplasia attiva (diagnosticata entro 5 anni) tranne che per il cancro della pelle non-melanoma adeguatamente trattato o di altre neoplasie non-invasive o in situ (ad esempio, cancro cervicale in situ che sia stato trattato con successo)
    • demenza o dimenticanza che ostacolino la compliance nell'assunzione di farmaci o altre procedure dello studio
    • legalmente incapace di fornire l'ICF
    • precedente o concomitante (30 giorni prima dell'arruolamento) o partecipazione ad un altro studio clinico con farmaco sperimentale
    • precedente assegnazione a trattamento nel corso di questo studio
    • Stretta relazione con il centro di sperimentazione; es parente stretto dello sperimentatore, persona dipendente (ad esempio, impiegato o studente del centro di sperimentazione) o sponsor
    • donne in età fertile
    a. Che non sono chirurgicamente sterili, o che sono sessualmente attive e non disposte ad utilizzare adeguate misure contraccettive con un tasso di fallimento inferiore all'1% per anno (ad esempio, contraccettivi orali, iniezioni contraccettive, dispositivo intrauterino, metodo a doppia barriera, sterilizzazione partner maschile) prima dell'ingresso e durante lo studio, o
    b. un test di gravidanza negativo non disponibile prima dell'ingresso nello studio, o
    c. in gravidanza o allattamento, prima dell'ingresso nello studio.
    E.5 End points
    E.5.1Primary end point(s)
    The primary efficacy endpoint is death or first adjudicated thromboembolic event (DTE), defined as the adjudicated composite of:

    • All-cause death
    • Any stroke
    • Myocardial infarction (MI)
    • Symptomatic valve thrombosis
    • Pulmonary embolism (PE)
    • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
    • Non-central nervous system (CNS) systemic embolism

    The primary safety endpoint is primary bleeding event (PBE), defined according to VARC definitions following the BARC classification as the adjudicated composite of:

    • life-threatening bleed
    • disabling bleed
    • major bleed

    The endpoint definitions and the definitions of terms are located in
    Sections 16.1 and 16.2 of the protocol, respectively.
    L'endpoint primario di efficacia è la morte o il primo evento tromboembolico dichiarato (DTE), definito come l'insieme di:

    • tutte le cause di morte
    • qualsiasi ictus
    • Infarto del miocardio (MI)
    • trombosi valvolare sintomatica
    • embolia polmonare (EP)
    • Trombosi venosa profonda (TVP)
    • embolie sistemiche del sistema nervoso non centrale (SNC)

    L'endpoint primario di sicurezza è un evento di sanguinamento primario (PBE), definito secondo le definizioni VARC secondo la classificazione BARC come l'insieme di:

    • emorragie potenzialmente letali
    • emorragie invalidanti
    • emorragia grave

    Le definizioni degli endpoint e le definizioni dei termini si trovano nelle Sezioni 16.1 e 16.2 del protocollo, rispettivamente.



    E.5.1.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    Subjects are treated and followed from randomization until the study ends, i.e. when the predefined number of primary efficacy endpoints is reached and study closure activities are completed. Therefore, the duration of the treatment period for a given subject will depend on the time required to collect these events. The expected duration of the study is 750 days, but depending upon the rate of subject recruitment and endpoint event rates it may be adapted. Regular assessments are planned to take place during the study.
    I soggetti sono trattati e seguiti dalla randomizzazione fino alla fine dello studio , cioè fino a quando viene raggiunto il numero predefinito di endpoint di efficacia primari e le attività di chiusura dello studio sono state completate. Pertanto, la durata del periodo di trattamento per un dato soggetto dipenderà dal tempo richiesto per raccogliere questi eventi. La durata prevista dello studio è di 750 giorni, ma può variare a seconda del tasso di arruolamento dei soggetti e di eventi endpoint . Sono in programma valutazioni periodiche durante il corso dello studio.
    E.5.2Secondary end point(s)
    The secondary endpoints include:

    • The adjudicated composite of cardiovascular death, any stroke, myocardial infarction, symptomatic valve thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, or non-CNS systemic embolism
    • The net-clinical-benefit defined as the adjudicated composite of all- cause death, any stroke, myocardial infarction, symptomatic valve thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, non-CNS systemic embolism (efficacy); life-threatening, disabling andmajor bleeds (safety).

    The secondary safety endpoints are bleeding complications according to:

    • The composite of TIMI major or minor bleeds
    • ISTH major bleeding
    • The composite of BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding
    Gli endpoint secondari includono:

    • insieme di morte cardiovascolare, ictus, infarto del miocardio, trombosi sintomatica della valvola , embolia polmonare, trombosi venosa profonda, o embolia sistemica non-CNS
    • I benefici clinici definiti come l'insieme di tutte le cause di morte, ictus, infarto del miocardio, trombosi sintomatica della valvola, embolia polmonare, trombosi venosa profonda, embolia sistemica non-CNS (efficacia); sanguinamenti mortali, invalidanti o maggiori (sicurezza).

    Gli endpoint di sicurezza secondari sono complicanze emorragiche in base a:

    • l'insieme di TIMI sanguinamenti maggiori o minori
    • sanguinamento maggiore ISTH
    • insieme di sanguinamenti BARC 2, 3, o 5
    E.5.2.1Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point
    The secondary endpoints will be evaluated throughout the study, since it is an event driven study and follows intention to treat analysis.
    Gli endpoint secondari saranno valutati nel corso dello studio, dal momento che è uno studio event-driven e l'analisi sarà del tipo intention to treat.
    E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial
    E.6Scope of the trial
    E.6.1Diagnosis No
    E.6.2Prophylaxis No
    E.6.3Therapy No
    E.6.4Safety Yes
    E.6.5Efficacy No
    E.6.6Pharmacokinetic No
    E.6.7Pharmacodynamic No
    E.6.8Bioequivalence No
    E.6.9Dose response No
    E.6.10Pharmacogenetic No
    E.6.11Pharmacogenomic No
    E.6.12Pharmacoeconomic No
    E.6.13Others No
    E.7Trial type and phase
    E.7.1Human pharmacology (Phase I) No
    E.7.1.1First administration to humans No
    E.7.1.2Bioequivalence study No
    E.7.1.3Other No
    E.7.1.3.1Other trial type description
    E.7.2Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) No
    E.7.3Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) Yes
    E.7.4Therapeutic use (Phase IV) No
    E.8 Design of the trial
    E.8.1Controlled Yes
    E.8.1.1Randomised Yes
    E.8.1.2Open Yes
    E.8.1.3Single blind No
    E.8.1.4Double blind No
    E.8.1.5Parallel group Yes
    E.8.1.6Cross over No
    E.8.1.7Other Yes
    E.8.1.7.1Other trial design description
    event-driven
    event-driven
    E.8.2 Comparator of controlled trial
    E.8.2.1Other medicinal product(s) Yes
    E.8.2.2Placebo No
    E.8.2.3Other Yes
    E.8.2.3.1Comparator description
    clopidogrel idrogeno solfato (clopidogrel) ed acido acetilsalicilico (ASA)
    Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate (clopidogrel) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)
    E.8.2.4Number of treatment arms in the trial2
    E.8.3 The trial involves single site in the Member State concerned No
    E.8.4 The trial involves multiple sites in the Member State concerned Yes
    E.8.4.1Number of sites anticipated in Member State concerned8
    E.8.5The trial involves multiple Member States Yes
    E.8.5.1Number of sites anticipated in the EEA66
    E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA
    E.8.6.1Trial being conducted both within and outside the EEA Yes
    E.8.6.2Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA Information not present in EudraCT
    E.8.6.3If E.8.6.1 or E.8.6.2 are Yes, specify the regions in which trial sites are planned
    Austria
    Belgium
    Canada
    Czech Republic
    Denmark
    France
    Germany
    Italy
    Netherlands
    Norway
    Poland
    Spain
    Sweden
    Switzerland
    United Kingdom
    United States
    E.8.7Trial has a data monitoring committee Yes
    E.8.8 Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
    LVLS
    LVLS
    E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned years
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned months1
    E.8.9.1In the Member State concerned days15
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial months1
    E.8.9.2In all countries concerned by the trial days15
    F. Population of Trial Subjects
    F.1 Age Range
    F.1.1Trial has subjects under 18 No
    F.1.1Number of subjects for this age range: 1
    F.1.1.1In Utero Information not present in EudraCT
    F.1.1.2Preterm newborn infants (up to gestational age < 37 weeks) Information not present in EudraCT
    F.1.1.3Newborns (0-27 days) Information not present in EudraCT
    F.1.1.4Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months) Information not present in EudraCT
    F.1.1.5Children (2-11years) Information not present in EudraCT
    F.1.1.6Adolescents (12-17 years) Information not present in EudraCT
    F.1.2Adults (18-64 years) Yes
    F.1.2.1Number of subjects for this age range: 152
    F.1.3Elderly (>=65 years) Yes
    F.1.3.1Number of subjects for this age range: 1368
    F.2 Gender
    F.2.1Female Yes
    F.2.2Male Yes
    F.3 Group of trial subjects
    F.3.1Healthy volunteers No
    F.3.2Patients Yes
    F.3.3Specific vulnerable populations No
    F.3.3.1Women of childbearing potential not using contraception Information not present in EudraCT
    F.3.3.2Women of child-bearing potential using contraception Information not present in EudraCT
    F.3.3.3Pregnant women Information not present in EudraCT
    F.3.3.4Nursing women Information not present in EudraCT
    F.3.3.5Emergency situation Information not present in EudraCT
    F.3.3.6Subjects incapable of giving consent personally Information not present in EudraCT
    F.3.3.7Others Information not present in EudraCT
    F.4 Planned number of subjects to be included
    F.4.1In the member state160
    F.4.2 For a multinational trial
    F.4.2.1In the EEA 1200
    F.4.2.2In the whole clinical trial 1520
    F.5 Plans for treatment or care after the subject has ended the participation in the trial (if it is different from the expected normal treatment of that condition)
    After the anticipated efficacy cut-off date is set an an on-site visit is completed, there will be an observation period to follow subjects in the transition from study treatment strategies to an appropriate therapy,
    as per the clinical site standard of care. This post-study therapy should also be recorded in the eCRF.
    Dopo la data di interruzione anticipata per efficacia e sia stata completata una visita al centro, ci sarà un periodo di osservazione per seguire i soggetti nel passaggio dalle strategie di trattamento dello studio ad una terapia appropriata,secondo lo standard del centro clinico . Questa terapia post-studio deve inoltre essere registrata nella eCRF.
    G. Investigator Networks to be involved in the Trial
    N. Review by the Competent Authority or Ethics Committee in the country concerned
    N.Competent Authority Decision Authorised
    N.Date of Competent Authority Decision2016-02-29
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion of the trial applicationFavourable
    N.Ethics Committee Opinion: Reason(s) for unfavourable opinion
    N.Date of Ethics Committee Opinion2015-12-17
    P. End of Trial
    P.End of Trial StatusCompleted
    P.Date of the global end of the trial2018-11-27
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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