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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Selonsertib in Subjects with Compensated Cirrhosis due to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2016-004148-13
    Trial protocol
    AT   BE   GB   PT   PL   NL   ES   FR   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    06 May 2019

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    10 May 2020
    First version publication date
    10 May 2020
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    GS-US-384-1944
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03053063
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Gilead Sciences
    Sponsor organisation address
    333 Lakeside Drive, Foster City, CA, United States, 94404
    Public contact
    Gilead Clinical Study Information Center, Gilead Sciences, GileadClinicalTrials@gilead.com
    Scientific contact
    Gilead Clinical Study Information Center, Gilead Sciences, GileadClinicalTrials@gilead.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    06 May 2019
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    06 May 2019
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether selonsertib (SEL; GS-4997) can cause fibrosis regression and reduce associated complications in subjects with cirrhosis due to NASH.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The protocol and consent/assent forms were submitted by each investigator to a duly constituted Independent Ethics Committee (IEC) or Institutional Review Board (IRB) for review and approval before study initiation. All revisions to the consent/assent forms (if applicable) after initial IEC/IRB approval were submitted by the investigator to the IEC/IRB for review and approval before implementation in accordance with regulatory requirements. This study was conducted in accordance with recognized international scientific and ethical standards, including but not limited to the International Conference on Harmonization guideline for Good Clinical Practice (ICH GCP) and the original principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    30 Jan 2017
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 20
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 13
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Austria: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 43
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 525
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Japan: 58
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 37
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 32
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    India: 31
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 24
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Israel: 17
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hong Kong: 15
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Taiwan: 9
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Mexico: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Puerto Rico: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 6
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    New Zealand: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Singapore: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Switzerland: 2
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    883
    EEA total number of subjects
    108
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    636
    From 65 to 84 years
    247
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Participants were enrolled at study sites in North America, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Europe and Puerto Rico. The first participant was screened on 30 January 2017. The last study visit occurred on 06 May 2019.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    2154 participants were screened. No participants completed the study. In the Subject Disposition, the number of participants reported in the Randomised Phase arms for "Completed" is the number of participants who had confirmed clinical event therefore discontinued randomised phase per protocol.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Randomised Phase
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    SEL 18 mg
    Arm description
    Randomised Phase: SEL 18 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Selonsertib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    GS-4997
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    18 mg administered once daily

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Tablets administered once daily

    Arm title
    SEL 6 mg
    Arm description
    Randomised Phase : SEL 6 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Selonsertib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    GS-4997
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    6 mg administered once daily

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Tablets administered once daily

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Randomised Phase: Placebo to match SEL 18 mg and 6 mg orally once daily for up to 240 weeks.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Placebo to match SEL 18 mg and 6 mg administered once daily

    Number of subjects in period 1 [1]
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Started
    354
    351
    172
    Completed
    9
    11
    3
    Not completed
    345
    340
    169
         Study terminated by sponsor
    326
    317
    161
         Adverse event
    -
    1
    -
         Withdrew consent
    8
    11
    5
         Investigator's discretion
    8
    6
    2
         Lost to follow-up
    3
    5
    1
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: 6 participants (1 in SEL 18 mg arm, 3 in SEL 6 mg arm, and 2 in Placebo arm) were randomised but did not receive study treatment.
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Open-Label Phase
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Open-Label SEL 18 mg
    Arm description
    Open-Label (OL) Phase: Participants who experienced a hepatic clinical event during the randomized phase, prior to completing the Week 240 visit, were offered the option to roll over into an OL phase to receive OL SEL 18 mg daily for a total treatment duration of 240 weeks, including the treatment duration in the randomized phase.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Selonsertib
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    GS-4997
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Film-coated tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    18 mg administered once daily

    Number of subjects in period 2
    Open-Label SEL 18 mg
    Started
    23
    Completed
    0
    Not completed
    23
         Death
    2
         Study terminated by sponsor
    19
         Investigator's discretion
    2

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    SEL 18 mg
    Reporting group description
    Randomised Phase: SEL 18 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    SEL 6 mg
    Reporting group description
    Randomised Phase : SEL 6 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Randomised Phase: Placebo to match SEL 18 mg and 6 mg orally once daily for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    354 351 172 877
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    58 ( 8.5 ) 57 ( 8.7 ) 60 ( 8.4 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    216 230 101 547
        Male
    138 121 71 330
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    3 3 0 6
        Asian
    73 59 33 165
        Black
    5 4 1 10
        Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
    1 0 0 1
        White
    261 279 136 676
        Other
    7 6 1 14
        Not Permitted
    4 0 1 5
    Ethnicity
    Units: Subjects
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    300 297 149 746
        Hispanic or Latino
    49 51 22 122
        Not Permitted
    5 3 1 9

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    SEL 18 mg
    Reporting group description
    Randomised Phase: SEL 18 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    SEL 6 mg
    Reporting group description
    Randomised Phase : SEL 6 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Randomised Phase: Placebo to match SEL 18 mg and 6 mg orally once daily for up to 240 weeks.
    Reporting group title
    Open-Label SEL 18 mg
    Reporting group description
    Open-Label (OL) Phase: Participants who experienced a hepatic clinical event during the randomized phase, prior to completing the Week 240 visit, were offered the option to roll over into an OL phase to receive OL SEL 18 mg daily for a total treatment duration of 240 weeks, including the treatment duration in the randomized phase.

    Primary: Percentage of Participants Who Achieve a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis According to the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network (CRN) Classification Without Worsening of NASH

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who Achieve a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis According to the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network (CRN) Classification Without Worsening of NASH
    End point description
    Fibrosis improvement was defined as ≥ 1-stage decrease from baseline in fibrosis according to the NASH CRN classification. NASH CRN fibrosis stages range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fibrosis (0=None, 4=Cirrhosis). Worsening of NASH was defined as ≥ 1 point increase from baseline in hepatocellular ballooning or lobular inflammation according to the Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Activity Score (NAS) criteria. As defined by NAS, hepatocellular ballooning ranges from 0-2 and lobular inflammation ranges from 0-3, with higher scores indicating more severe hepatocellular ballooning or lobular inflammation. The Full Analysis Set included all participants who were randomised into the study and received at least 1 dose of study drug.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Week 48
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    354
    351
    172
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    14.4 (10.9 to 18.5)
    12.8 (9.5 to 16.8)
    12.8 (8.2 to 18.7)
    Statistical analysis title
    SEL 18 mg vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    SEL 18 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    526
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.5572 [1]
    Method
    Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Percentage Difference
    Point estimate
    1.9
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -4.4
         upper limit
    8.2
    Notes
    [1] - Difference between SEL 18 mg vs Placebo, 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value were obtained by stratified Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for baseline (BL) diabetes mellitus status and BL Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) score (<11.27 vs ≥11.27).
    Statistical analysis title
    SEL 6 mg vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    SEL 6 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    523
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.9272 [2]
    Method
    Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Percentage Difference
    Point estimate
    0.3
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -6
         upper limit
    6.5
    Notes
    [2] - Difference between SEL 6 mg vs Placebo, 95% CI and p-value were obtained by stratified Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for BL diabetes mellitus status and BL ELF score (<11.27 vs ≥11.27).

    Primary: Event-Free Survival (EFS) at Week 240 as Assessed by Time to First Clinical Event

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    End point title
    Event-Free Survival (EFS) at Week 240 as Assessed by Time to First Clinical Event [3]
    End point description
    EFS was assessed by the time to the first clinical event, including liver decompensation events, liver transplantation and all-cause mortality.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Week 240
    Notes
    [3] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [4]
    0 [5]
    0 [6]
    Units: months
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    ( to )
    ( to )
    ( to )
    Notes
    [4] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [5] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [6] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage of Participants Who Had a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis Without Worsening of NASH at Week 240

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who Had a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis Without Worsening of NASH at Week 240
    End point description
    Fibrosis improvement was defined as ≥ 1-stage decrease from baseline in fibrosis according to the NASH CRN classification. NASH CRN fibrosis stages range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fibrosis (0=None, 4=Cirrhosis). Worsening of NASH was defined as ≥ 1 point increase from baseline in hepatocellular ballooning or lobular inflammation according to the NAS criteria. As defined by NAS, hepatocellular ballooning ranges from 0-2 and lobular inflammation ranges from 0-3, with higher scores indicating more severe hepatocellular ballooning or lobular inflammation.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 240
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [7]
    0 [8]
    0 [9]
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    Notes
    [7] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [8] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [9] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage of Participants Who Had a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis at Week 48

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who Had a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis at Week 48
    End point description
    Fibrosis improvement was defined as ≥ 1-stage decrease from baseline in fibrosis according to the NASH CRN classification. NASH CRN fibrosis stages range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fibrosis (0=None, 4=Cirrhosis). Participants in the Full Analysis Set were analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 48
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    354
    351
    172
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    18.9 (15.0 to 23.4)
    16.8 (13.0 to 21.1)
    15.7 (10.6 to 22.0)
    Statistical analysis title
    SEL 18 mg vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    SEL 18 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    526
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.285 [10]
    Method
    Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Percentage Difference
    Point estimate
    3.8
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -3.1
         upper limit
    10.6
    Notes
    [10] - Difference between SEL 18 mg vs Placebo, 95% CI and p-value were obtained by stratified Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for BL diabetes mellitus status and ELF score (<11.27 vs ≥11.27).
    Statistical analysis title
    SEL 6 mg vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    SEL 6 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    523
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.6731 [11]
    Method
    Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Percentage Difference
    Point estimate
    1.5
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -5.3
         upper limit
    8.2
    Notes
    [11] - Difference between SEL 6 mg vs Placebo, 95% CI and p-value were obtained by stratified Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for BL diabetes mellitus status and BL ELF score (<11.27 vs ≥11.2.

    Secondary: Percentage of Participants Who Had a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis at Week 240

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who Had a ≥ 1-Stage Improvement in Fibrosis at Week 240
    End point description
    Fibrosis improvement was defined as ≥ 1-stage decrease from baseline in fibrosis according to the NASH CRN classification. NASH CRN fibrosis stages range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fibrosis (0=None, 4=Cirrhosis).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 240
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [12]
    0 [13]
    0 [14]
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    Notes
    [12] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [13] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [14] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage of Participants Who Had NASH Resolution at Week 48

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who Had NASH Resolution at Week 48
    End point description
    NASH resolution was defined as lobular inflammation of 0 or 1 from ≥ 1 at baseline and hepatocellular ballooning reduced to 0 from a value ≥ 1 at baseline; both criteria were necessary conditions. As defined by NAS, hepatocellular ballooning ranges from 0-2 and lobular inflammation ranges from 0-3, with higher scores indicating more severe hepatocellular ballooning or lobular inflammation. Evaluable participants had baseline lobular inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning ≥ 1. Participants in the Full Analysis Set were analysed.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 48
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    353
    351
    172
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (confidence interval 95%)
    2.3 (1.0 to 4.4)
    3.7 (2.0 to 6.3)
    4.1 (1.7 to 8.2)
    Statistical analysis title
    SEL 18 mg vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    SEL 18 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    525
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.365 [15]
    Method
    Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Percentage Difference
    Point estimate
    -1.7
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -5.5
         upper limit
    2
    Notes
    [15] - Difference between SEL 18 mg vs Placebo, 95% CI and p-value were obtained by stratified Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for BL diabetes mellitus status and BL ELF score (<11.27 vs ≥11.27).
    Statistical analysis title
    SEL 6 mg vs Placebo
    Comparison groups
    SEL 6 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    523
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.8557 [16]
    Method
    Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Percentage Difference
    Point estimate
    -0.4
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -4.3
         upper limit
    3.6
    Notes
    [16] - Difference between SEL 6 mg vs Placebo, 95% CI and p-value were obtained by stratified Mantel-Haenszel method adjusting for BL diabetes mellitus status and BL ELF score (<11.27 vs ≥11.27).

    Secondary: Percentage of Participants Who Had NASH Resolution at Week 240

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants Who Had NASH Resolution at Week 240
    End point description
    NASH resolution was defined as lobular inflammation of 0 or 1 from ≥ 1 at baseline and hepatocellular ballooning reduced to 0 from a value ≥ 1 at baseline; both criteria were necessary conditions. As defined by NAS, hepatocellular ballooning ranges from 0-2 and lobular inflammation ranges from 0-3, with higher scores indicating more severe hepatocellular ballooning or lobular inflammation. Evaluable participants had baseline lobular inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning ≥ 1.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Week 240
    End point values
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    0 [17]
    0 [18]
    0 [19]
    Units: percentage of participants
        number (not applicable)
    Notes
    [17] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [18] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    [19] - No data was analysed as the study was terminated and no participants reached the Week 240 timepoint.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    First dose date up to last dose date (maximum: 108.7 weeks) plus 30 days
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    The Safety Analysis Set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of study drug.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    21.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    SEL 18 mg
    Reporting group description
    Randomized Phase: SEL 18 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    SEL 6 mg
    Reporting group description
    Randomized Phase: SEL 6 mg tablet orally once daily + placebo for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Randomized Phase: Placebo tablet orally once daily for up to 240 weeks.

    Reporting group title
    Open-Label SEL 18 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants who experienced a hepatic clinical event during the randomized phase, prior to completing the Week 240 visit, were offered the option to roll over into an OL phase to receive OL SEL 18 mg daily for a total treatment duration, including the treatment duration in the randomized phase, of 240 weeks.

    Serious adverse events
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo Open-Label SEL 18 mg
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    60 / 354 (16.95%)
    53 / 351 (15.10%)
    22 / 172 (12.79%)
    7 / 23 (30.43%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
    2
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Hepatocellular carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    B-cell lymphoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Colon adenoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Colon cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nasal cavity cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ovarian adenoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Shock haemorrhagic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Non-cardiac chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    3 / 172 (1.74%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 354 (0.85%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    2 / 172 (1.16%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Generalised oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 5
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Peripheral swelling
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Immune system disorders
    Contrast media allergy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Drug hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sarcoidosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Endometrial hyperplasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endometrial hypertrophy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endometrial thickening
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hydrosalpinx
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ovarian cyst
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatic hydrothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Mental status changes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bipolar disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Suicidal ideation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Suicide attempt
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Blood pressure increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gamma-glutamyltransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Model for end stage liver disease score increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Procedural pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rib fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Toxicity to various agents
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Femur fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lower limb fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Perirenal haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Subdural haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Wound secretion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Wrist fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 354 (0.85%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Angina unstable
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bradycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Prinzmetal angina
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Hepatic encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ischaemic stroke
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lumbar radiculopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cervical radiculopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diabetic hyperosmolar coma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Facial paralysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Loss of consciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolic encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Toxic encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Transient ischaemic attack
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 354 (0.85%)
    3 / 351 (0.85%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 3
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhagic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Iron deficiency anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 354 (1.13%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematemesis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ascites
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Melaena
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oesophageal varices haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Appendiceal mucocoele
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Duodenitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Enterocolitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastric polyps
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastric ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastric ulcer perforation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal wall thickening
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemorrhoids
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Large intestine polyp
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mallory-Weiss syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Mesenteric panniculitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Obstructive pancreatitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Oesophagitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Small intestinal obstruction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Visceral venous thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    3 / 351 (0.85%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic hepatic failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholangitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholelithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Drug-induced liver injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemobilia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatic cirrhosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatorenal syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intrahepatic portal hepatic venous fistula
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Jaundice
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic kidney disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ureterolithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Intervertebral disc protrusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteoarthritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 354 (0.85%)
    3 / 351 (0.85%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 4
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 354 (0.85%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    2 / 172 (1.16%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Enterocolitis infectious
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Escherichia pyelonephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Genital herpes
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Meningitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nasal abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Perineal abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary tuberculosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyelonephritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyelonephritis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Septic shock
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tonsillitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Diabetes mellitus inadequate control
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    2 / 351 (0.57%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dehydration
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fluid overload
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypomagnesaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 354 (0.00%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Obesity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 354 (0.28%)
    0 / 351 (0.00%)
    0 / 172 (0.00%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    SEL 18 mg SEL 6 mg Placebo Open-Label SEL 18 mg
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    251 / 354 (70.90%)
    276 / 351 (78.63%)
    135 / 172 (78.49%)
    17 / 23 (73.91%)
    Investigations
    Blood creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 354 (0.56%)
    1 / 351 (0.28%)
    1 / 172 (0.58%)
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    1
    3
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Procedural pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 354 (5.65%)
    23 / 351 (6.55%)
    12 / 172 (6.98%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    21
    23
    13
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    47 / 354 (13.28%)
    48 / 351 (13.68%)
    21 / 172 (12.21%)
    4 / 23 (17.39%)
         occurrences all number
    55
    56
    25
    4
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 354 (6.21%)
    23 / 351 (6.55%)
    17 / 172 (9.88%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    25
    26
    19
    1
    Hepatic encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 354 (1.98%)
    5 / 351 (1.42%)
    2 / 172 (1.16%)
    4 / 23 (17.39%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    5
    2
    4
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 354 (11.86%)
    51 / 351 (14.53%)
    20 / 172 (11.63%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    45
    53
    21
    0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    20 / 354 (5.65%)
    23 / 351 (6.55%)
    10 / 172 (5.81%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    25
    13
    1
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    51 / 354 (14.41%)
    60 / 351 (17.09%)
    40 / 172 (23.26%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences all number
    59
    73
    46
    2
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    47 / 354 (13.28%)
    59 / 351 (16.81%)
    17 / 172 (9.88%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences all number
    53
    73
    23
    3
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    46 / 354 (12.99%)
    47 / 351 (13.39%)
    18 / 172 (10.47%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    50
    51
    18
    0
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 354 (11.86%)
    37 / 351 (10.54%)
    21 / 172 (12.21%)
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences all number
    45
    46
    22
    3
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 354 (9.60%)
    33 / 351 (9.40%)
    19 / 172 (11.05%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences all number
    36
    34
    20
    2
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 354 (6.78%)
    28 / 351 (7.98%)
    7 / 172 (4.07%)
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences all number
    27
    32
    9
    3
    Abdominal distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 354 (6.21%)
    22 / 351 (6.27%)
    12 / 172 (6.98%)
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences all number
    22
    23
    12
    3
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 354 (7.63%)
    33 / 351 (9.40%)
    14 / 172 (8.14%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    32
    35
    14
    1
    Epistaxis
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 354 (1.98%)
    8 / 351 (2.28%)
    2 / 172 (1.16%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    10
    2
    2
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    29 / 354 (8.19%)
    27 / 351 (7.69%)
    11 / 172 (6.40%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    29
    12
    2
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 354 (5.37%)
    13 / 351 (3.70%)
    10 / 172 (5.81%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    17
    12
    1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 354 (6.78%)
    28 / 351 (7.98%)
    7 / 172 (4.07%)
    2 / 23 (8.70%)
         occurrences all number
    24
    28
    8
    2
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    34 / 354 (9.60%)
    30 / 351 (8.55%)
    16 / 172 (9.30%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    37
    32
    17
    1
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    19 / 354 (5.37%)
    28 / 351 (7.98%)
    15 / 172 (8.72%)
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences all number
    20
    30
    18
    4
    Muscle spasms
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 354 (3.95%)
    25 / 351 (7.12%)
    10 / 172 (5.81%)
    3 / 23 (13.04%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    26
    11
    3
    Musculoskeletal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 354 (4.24%)
    19 / 351 (5.41%)
    9 / 172 (5.23%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    21
    9
    0
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 354 (4.52%)
    19 / 351 (5.41%)
    5 / 172 (2.91%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    20
    5
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    43 / 354 (12.15%)
    52 / 351 (14.81%)
    15 / 172 (8.72%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    47
    65
    17
    1
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 354 (11.86%)
    33 / 351 (9.40%)
    28 / 172 (16.28%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    52
    40
    36
    0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    33 / 354 (9.32%)
    39 / 351 (11.11%)
    11 / 172 (6.40%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    49
    50
    13
    0
    Sinusitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 354 (7.06%)
    27 / 351 (7.69%)
    11 / 172 (6.40%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    32
    32
    11
    1
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 354 (7.63%)
    24 / 351 (6.84%)
    8 / 172 (4.65%)
    1 / 23 (4.35%)
         occurrences all number
    28
    25
    8
    1
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 354 (4.52%)
    27 / 351 (7.69%)
    10 / 172 (5.81%)
    0 / 23 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    30
    13
    0

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    24 May 2017
    1. Clarified that events of hepatic decompensation included portal hypertension-related bleeding that required endoscopy and hospitalization (ie, bleeding from esophageal varices, gastric varices, and portal hypertensive gastropathy) and would be adjudicated by the Hepatic Events/Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) Adjudication Committee. 2. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was removed as a component of the clinical efficacy endpoint. 3. The outcome of “death” was changed to “all-cause mortality” to clarify that all deaths would be included in the EFS analysis. 4. References to a HepQuant substudy were removed. Only subjects enrolled at participating US sites could participate concurrently in a HepQuant-sponsored study with approval by the applicable IRB/IEC. 5. Laboratory parameters and assessments at screening were clarified; international normalised ratio (INR) ≤ 1.4 and platelet count ≥100,000/μL were added as inclusion criteria, and optional measurement of liver stiffness at screening using transient elastography was included. 6. Stool frequency assessment was added to the study procedures at all visits, beginning with baseline/Day 1. 7. EFS assessed as time to the first clinical event, including HCC, as well as liver decompensation events, liver transplantation, and all-cause mortality, was added as an exploratory efficacy endpoint. 8. Clarified that a sensitivity analysis of EFS that included hepatic clinical events and liver-related death (rather than all-cause mortality) would be performed. 9. Clarified that all clinical events except all-cause mortality and liver transplantation required confirmation by the Hepatic Events Adjudication Committee and that the Committee would also review any case of HCC as an event of special interest. 10. A stratified log-rank test was added to the exploratory endpoint analysis to compare between-group differences (SEL 18 mg, SEL 6 mg, Placebo) in time to the first clinical events, including HCC.
    24 May 2017
    11. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculation was included at all visits to identify subjects with severe renal insufficiency. 12. Specified that single PK sampling would be performed at all study visits for subjects who entered the OL phase and had severe hepatic impairment (CP Class C) and renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min). 13. Clarified that subjects in the OL phase who completed study treatment should complete the Week 240/end of treatment (EOT) visit. 14. A telephone follow-up visit to occur 12 weeks after the Week 240 visit was added.
    31 May 2018
    1. An early termination visit that was to be completed within 30 days after the last dose of study drug and the list of assessments to be performed at the visit was clarified for subjects who prematurely discontinued the study. 2. Clarified that hepatic clinical events would be adjudicated and deaths would be reviewed by the Hepatic Events/Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) Adjudication Committee during the randomized phase of the study; DILI events and cardiovascular events, including deaths, were to be adjudicated in the OL phase of the study by the hepatic events/DILI and cardiovascular Adjudication Committees, as appropriate. 3. Clinical trial information was updated, based on updates to the SEL Investigator’s Brochure, including the numbers of SEL studies conducted and subjects dosed, updated safety data, final study data, and completion of studies.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    Based on the results of the Week 48 analysis, the study was terminated early for lack of efficacy as prespecified in the clinical study protocol.

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32147362
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31271665
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30779990
    For support, Contact us.
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