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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Continuous hyperosomolar therapy for traumatic brain-injured Patients Study protocol for a multicenter randomized open-label trial with blinded adjudication of primary outcome

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2017-000073-36
    Trial protocol
    FR  
    Global end of trial date
    05 Mar 2020

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    20 Sep 2022
    First version publication date
    20 Sep 2022
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    RC16_0474
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03143751
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    CHU Nantes
    Sponsor organisation address
    5 allée de l'île Gloriette, Nantes, France, 44093
    Public contact
    Direction recherche , CHU de Nantes, CHU de Nantes , 0033 0253482430, patrice.chauveau@chu-nantes.fr
    Scientific contact
    Direction recherche , CHU de Nantes, CHU de Nantes , 0033 0253482430, patrice.chauveau@chu-nantes.fr
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    14 Sep 2021
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    05 Mar 2020
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To demonstrate the effectiveness of continuous intravenous osmotherapy with hypertonic saline to improve the neurological recovery of patients with traumatic brain injury.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Monitoring of the blood ionogram during the administration of the treatment.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    31 Oct 2017
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 370
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    370
    EEA total number of subjects
    370
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    303
    From 65 to 84 years
    67
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Recruitment took place within the anesthesia and resuscitation departments of 10 hospitals in France between 10/31/2017 and 03/05/2020. The screening was carried out by the emergency physician investigators or anesthetist-resuscitators or medical resuscitators caring for patients with cranial trauma in the initial phase.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Inclusion Criteria: 18-80 years old Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury defined as the association of a Coma Glasgow Scale ≤ 12 together with a traumatic abnormal brain CT-scan Time to inclusion inferior to 24 hours Exclusion Criteria: Coma Glasgow Scale of 3 and fixed dilated pupils associated cervical spine injury

    Pre-assignment period milestones
    Number of subjects started
    370
    Number of subjects completed
    370

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Single blind [1]
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Assessor
    Blinding implementation details
    Single-blind (patient) with blind evaluation of the primary endpoint

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy
    Arm description
    Standard cares plus continuous hyperosmolar therapy (NaCl20%) Early intravenous administration (<24 hours after traumatic brain injury) of NaCl20% for a minimal duration of 48 hours (continued for as long as is necessary to prevent intracranial hypertension)
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    sodium chloride 20%
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection/infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous drip use
    Dosage and administration details
    Early intravenous administration (<24 hours after traumatic brain injury) of NaCl20% for a minimal duration of 48 hours (continued for as long as is necessary to prevent intracranial hypertension) 1-hour bolus (15 g if Na+ < 145 mmol/L; 7.5 g if 145 < Na+ < 150 mmol/L; or no bolus) followed by 1 g/hour as long as Na+< 150 mmol/L, reduced to 0.5 g/L if 150 < Na+ < 155 mmol/L, Discontinuation when 155 mmol/L<Na+

    Arm title
    Control: No Intervention
    Arm description
    Standard cares alone.
    Arm type
    No intervention

    Investigational medicinal product name
    No investigational medicinal product assigned in this arm
    Notes
    [1] - The number of roles blinded appears inconsistent with a single blinded trial. It is expected that there will be one role blinded in a single blind trial.
    Justification: The applied protocol planned consisted to evaluate Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended at 3 and 6 months by a single trained research associate blinded to the treatment received in intensive care.
    Number of subjects in period 1
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy Control: No Intervention
    Started
    185
    185
    Completed
    181
    178
    Not completed
    4
    7
         Lost to follow-up
    4
    4
         Protocol deviation
    -
    3

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy
    Reporting group description
    Standard cares plus continuous hyperosmolar therapy (NaCl20%) Early intravenous administration (<24 hours after traumatic brain injury) of NaCl20% for a minimal duration of 48 hours (continued for as long as is necessary to prevent intracranial hypertension)

    Reporting group title
    Control: No Intervention
    Reporting group description
    Standard cares alone.

    Reporting group values
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy Control: No Intervention Total
    Number of subjects
    185 185 370
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    0
        From 65-84 years
    0
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (inter-quartile range (Q1-Q3))
    46 (27 to 60) 43 (27 to 59) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    40 37 77
        Male
    145 148 293

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy
    Reporting group description
    Standard cares plus continuous hyperosmolar therapy (NaCl20%) Early intravenous administration (<24 hours after traumatic brain injury) of NaCl20% for a minimal duration of 48 hours (continued for as long as is necessary to prevent intracranial hypertension)

    Reporting group title
    Control: No Intervention
    Reporting group description
    Standard cares alone.

    Subject analysis set title
    Primary outcome
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Analysis on 359 patients who achieved the Primary outome at 6 months among 370 randomized patients

    Primary: Score on the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) at 6 months

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    End point title
    Score on the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) at 6 months
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    At 6 months
    End point values
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy Control: No Intervention Primary outcome
    Number of subjects analysed
    181
    178
    359
    Units: Patients
        Dead
    29
    37
    66
        Vegetative state
    1
    3
    4
        Lower severe disavility
    35
    27
    62
        Upper severe disavility
    28
    21
    49
        Lower moderate disavility
    29
    27
    56
        Upper moderate disavility
    27
    29
    56
        Lower good recovery
    23
    18
    41
        Upper good recovery
    9
    16
    25
    Statistical analysis title
    Adjusted ordinal logistic regression model
    Comparison groups
    Experimental: Continuous hyperosmolar therapy v Control: No Intervention
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    359
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.92
    Method
    Regression, Logistic
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Point estimate
    1.02
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    0.71
         upper limit
    1.47

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    48 hours after the end of the treatment administration
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    22.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Intervention
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Control
    Reporting group description
    -

    Serious adverse events
    Intervention Control
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    55 / 185 (29.73%)
    47 / 185 (25.41%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    29
    37
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Dose calculation error
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Drug monitoring procedure incorrectly performed
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 185 (1.62%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Extradural haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 185 (1.62%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Incorrect product administration duration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Product administration error
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Product selection error
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Subdural haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Underdose
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardio-respiratory arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    2 / 185 (1.08%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Nervous system disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    25 / 185 (13.51%)
    36 / 185 (19.46%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 30
    0 / 37
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 10
    0 / 18
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Respiratory disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 185 (3.78%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Diabetes insipidus
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 185 (3.24%)
    4 / 185 (2.16%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 7
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Metabolic disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    23 / 185 (12.43%)
    9 / 185 (4.86%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    17 / 23
    0 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 0%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Intervention Control
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    158 / 185 (85.41%)
    162 / 185 (87.57%)
    Investigations
    Liver function test abnormal
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Extradural haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Head injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Incorrect product administration duration
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 185 (1.08%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Unintentional medical device removal
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Vascular disorders
    Deep vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
    6 / 185 (3.24%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    6
    Jugular vein thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 185 (2.16%)
    7 / 185 (3.78%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    7
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiac disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 185 (2.16%)
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Nervous system disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    35 / 185 (18.92%)
    26 / 185 (14.05%)
         occurrences all number
    35
    26
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Withdrawal syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Respiratory disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 185 (2.70%)
    5 / 185 (2.70%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    5
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 185 (0.00%)
    1 / 185 (0.54%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Renal disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 185 (1.62%)
    12 / 185 (6.49%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    12
    Endocrine disorders
    Endocrine disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 185 (2.70%)
    14 / 185 (7.57%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    14
    Infections and infestations
    Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    92 / 185 (49.73%)
    89 / 185 (48.11%)
         occurrences all number
    92
    89
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Metabolic disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 185 (3.24%)
    5 / 185 (2.70%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    5

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    21 Dec 2017
    Addition of an ancillary study (quality of life questionnaire for a relative of the patient); change of scale for measuring autonomy: MIF replaced by Katz's ADL.
    27 Jun 2019
    Change in the protocol in order to collect additional data not initially planned: - assessment of the risk of hyperchloremia (hyperchloremic acidosis): chloremia, potassium and pH values - to evaluate the impact of osmotherapy on cerebral oxygenation: the quantity of oxygen in the cerebral tissue is measured by a PtiO2 probe and the data collected makes it possible to study the treatment on this neurological evaluation criterion. - Clarification of the evaluation of the frequency of renal failure (Stages 2 or 3 of the KDIGO scale): according to the values ​​of creatinine, diuresis and weight.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported

    Online references

    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34032829
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
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