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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Open clinical study to assess long-term efficacy and safety of dimethyl fumarate in adults with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis in real practice (DIMESKIN 1 Trial)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2017-001368-40
    Trial protocol
    ES  
    Global end of trial date
    02 Apr 2020

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    09 Apr 2022
    First version publication date
    09 Apr 2022
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    M-41008-41
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Almirall S.A.
    Sponsor organisation address
    Ronda General Mitre, 151, Barcelona, Spain, 08022
    Public contact
    David Asensio Torres, Almirall S.A., +34 932917506, david.asensio@almirall.com
    Scientific contact
    Dra. Meritxell Guilà, Almirall S.A., +34 932913074, txell.guila@almirall.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    07 Sep 2021
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    02 Apr 2020
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To assess the efficacy of dimethylfumarate (DMF) at treatment week 24 by reducing at least 75% in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI75) compared to baseline in adults with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The present clinical trial was conducted in accordance with the protocol, the principles established in the revised version of the Declaration of Helsinki concerning medical research involving human subjects (64th General Assembly, Fortaleza, Brazil, 2013), and the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Tripartite Harmonized Standards for Good Clinical Practice 1996. It was also conducted in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements, in particular Royal Decree 1090/2015 and Regulation (EU) 536/2014, regulating clinical trials with medicinal products in Spain and the European Union, respectively, and Law 14/2007, concerning biomedical research. By signing the protocol, the investigators agreed to follow the instructions and procedures described therein and therefore to comply with the GCP principles on which it is based. The study began once CEIm and AEMPS approval was obtained. The informed consent of each subject was freely given prior to participation in the clinical trial, either in writing or orally in front of witnesses. The study personnel involved in the conduct of this trial were sufficiently qualified by education, training, and experience to perform their assigned tasks. This trial did not use the services of personnel who had been sanctioned/suspended for scientific fraud or clinical malpractice.
    Background therapy
    No other therapies, (other than the subject's usual treatments which do not fall in the non-inclusion criteria defined in the protocol), were administered in the framework of the study.
    Evidence for comparator
    This is a single arm, a non-comparative study carried out in real clinical situation.
    Actual start date of recruitment
    12 Sep 2017
    Long term follow-up planned
    Yes
    Long term follow-up rationale
    Safety, Efficacy
    Long term follow-up duration
    1 Years
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 282
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    282
    EEA total number of subjects
    282
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    258
    From 65 to 84 years
    24
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    Patient recruitment for the study was conducted between October 2017 and March 2019. A total of 300 patients were recruited in 36 Spanish centers, of which 18 were considered a selection failure.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Patients recruited in the study had a moderate to severe psoriasis (defined as PASI ≥ 10 or BSA ≥ 10 and PASI ≥ 5 or DLQI ≥ 10 and PASI ≥ 5), a diagnosis of chronic plaque psoriasis at least 6 months before, a good and stable medical condition for the clinical trial conduction, and were suitable subjects for systemic treatment of psoriasis.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    DMF (Skilarence)
    Arm description
    The patients included in the clinical trial received Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) as stated in the datasheet, with gradual dose increments during the first 9 weeks.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Dimethyl fumarate (DMF)
    Investigational medicinal product code
    624-49-7
    Other name
    Skilarance
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Each gastro-resistant tablet contains 30 mg or 120g of DMF, and 34.2 and 136.8 mg of lactose as excipient, respectively. In the first week patients took one 30 mg DMF tablet once a day; in the second week one 30 mg DMF tablet twice a day; and in the third week of treatment one 30 mg DMF tablet three times a day. They switched to one 120 mg DMF tablet once a day in the fourth week of treatment. After that, the dose was increased by one 120 mg DMF tablet per week for the next 5 weeks, reaching a maximum dose of 720 mg per day.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    DMF (Skilarence)
    Started
    282
    Week 24
    169
    Completed
    77
    Not completed
    205
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    1
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    48
         Physician decision
    7
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    104
         More than 7 days without follow-up
    1
         Patient's decision
    4
         Lost to follow-up
    11
         Protocol deviation
    17
         Lack of efficacy
    12

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall trial
    Reporting group description
    Patients who took at least one dose of study medication. It is also the safety population.

    Reporting group values
    Overall trial Total
    Number of subjects
    282 282
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    258 258
        From 65-84 years
    24 24
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    46.5 ± 13.0 -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    97 97
        Male
    185 185
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        Caucasian
    271 271
        Asian
    3 3
        Arab
    4 4
        Hispanic
    4 4
    Type of psoriasis at diagnosis
    Units: Subjects
        Plaque psoriasis
    274 274
        Guttate psoriasis
    6 6
        Pustular psoriasis
    2 2
    Last previous treatment received
    Units: Subjects
        Topical + systemic + phototherapy
    75 75
        Topical + systemic
    69 69
        Topical + phototherapy
    36 36
        Systemic + phototherapy
    5 5
        Topical
    73 73
        Systemic
    9 9
        Phototherapy
    2 2
        None
    13 13
    Last previous topical and systemic treatment
    Units: Subjects
        Acitretin
    6 6
        Acitretin + Corticosteroids + D vitamin analogues
    1 1
        D vitamin analogues
    4 4
        Cyclosporine
    15 15
        Cyclosporine +Corticosteroids +D vitamin analogues
    2 2
        Corticosteroids
    33 33
        Corticosteroids + A vitamin analogues
    1 1
        Corticosteroids+A vitamin analogues+salicylic acid
    1 1
        Corticosteroids + D vitamin analogues
    124 124
        Corticosteroids + D vitamin analogues + Ebastina
    1 1
        Corticosteroids+D vitamin analogues+Other topicals
    7 7
        Corticosteroids+D vitamin analogues+Salicylic acid
    13 13
        CS+D vitamin anologues+Salicylic acid+Gentamicin
    1 1
        Corticosteroids + Pimecrolimus
    2 2
        Corticosteroids + Salicylic acid
    4 4
        Difur
    1 1
        Emollients
    1 1
        Methotrexate
    27 27
        Methotrexate + Corticosteroids
    2 2
        Methotrexate +Corticosteroids +D vitamin analogues
    8 8
        Methotrexate+CS+D vitamin anologues+Other topicals
    2 2
        Methotrexate+CS+D vitamin anologues+Salicylic acid
    1 1
        Methotrexate + Salicylic acid
    1 1
        Other unknown topical treatment
    1 1
        Prednisone
    2 2
        Salicylic acid formulations
    3 3
        None
    15 15
        Not available
    3 3
    Last previous phototherapy received
    Units: Subjects
        PUVA + UVB
    16 16
        PUVA
    22 22
        UVB
    80 80
        None
    161 161
        Not available
    3 3
    Baseline PGA
    There is one patient with no information on PGA at screening, baseline, or subsequent visits.
    Units: Subjects
        Mild
    12 12
        Moderate
    193 193
        Moderate-severe
    72 72
        Severe
    4 4
        Not available
    1 1
    Body mass index (BMI)
    Units: Kg/m2
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    27.9 ± 4.9 -
    Time since diagnosis
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    18.1 ± 13.5 -
    Number of relapses in the previous year
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.1 ± 2.5 -
    No. of visits to dermatologist in the last 6 months
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.4 ± 1.4 -
    Weight
    Units: Kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    80.2 ± 16.0 -
    Height
    Units: meters
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.7 ± 0.1 -
    Number of systemic treatments per patient
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.4 ± 2.0 -
    No. of different systemic treatments per patient
    The "other" category has been counted as a single different treatment.
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    0.9 ± 1.0 -
    Baseline PASI
    In 2 patients, without baseline PASI, the information was completed with the screening visit.
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    13.3 ± 5.7 -
    Baseline BSA
    One patient has not indicated a BSA value at either the baseline or screening visit, but has information available at subsequent visits.
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    17.4 ± 11.8 -
    Baseline DLQI
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    12.2 ± 7.3 -
    Baseline pruritus EVA
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    6.9 ± 2.4 -
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    DMF (ITTm)
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Those patients who took the medication and had at least one PASI measurement after the baseline visit.

    Subject analysis set title
    DMF (ITT)
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Those patients who met the selection criteria, took the medication and had at least one PASI measurement after the baseline visit.

    Subject analysis set title
    DMF (PP)
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    Those patients who took the corresponding medication and for whom all the requested information was available without significant deviations from the protocol.

    Subject analysis set title
    Statistical analysis
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    This is a single-arm study. Unfortunately, this EudraCT form cannot accommodate for this type of study. Hence, this subgroup has been artificially created for statistical analysis in some endpoints.

    Subject analysis sets values
    DMF (ITTm) DMF (ITT) DMF (PP) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects
    274
    264
    156
    1
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    250
        From 65-84 years
    24
        85 years and over
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    46.6 ± 13.0
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    93
        Male
    181
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        Caucasian
    263
        Asian
    3
        Arab
    4
        Hispanic
    4
    Type of psoriasis at diagnosis
    Units: Subjects
        Plaque psoriasis
    266
        Guttate psoriasis
    6
        Pustular psoriasis
    2
    Last previous treatment received
    Units: Subjects
        Topical + systemic + phototherapy
    73
        Topical + systemic
    69
        Topical + phototherapy
    34
        Systemic + phototherapy
    4
        Topical
    70
        Systemic
    9
        Phototherapy
    2
        None
    13
    Last previous topical and systemic treatment
    Units: Subjects
        Acitretin
    6
        Acitretin + Corticosteroids + D vitamin analogues
    1
        D vitamin analogues
    4
        Cyclosporine
    14
        Cyclosporine +Corticosteroids +D vitamin analogues
    2
        Corticosteroids
    30
        Corticosteroids + A vitamin analogues
    1
        Corticosteroids+A vitamin analogues+salicylic acid
    1
        Corticosteroids + D vitamin analogues
    121
        Corticosteroids + D vitamin analogues + Ebastina
    1
        Corticosteroids+D vitamin analogues+Other topicals
    7
        Corticosteroids+D vitamin analogues+Salicylic acid
    13
        CS+D vitamin anologues+Salicylic acid+Gentamicin
    1
        Corticosteroids + Pimecrolimus
    2
        Corticosteroids + Salicylic acid
    4
        Difur
    1
        Emollients
    1
        Methotrexate
    27
        Methotrexate + Corticosteroids
    2
        Methotrexate +Corticosteroids +D vitamin analogues
    8
        Methotrexate+CS+D vitamin anologues+Other topicals
    2
        Methotrexate+CS+D vitamin anologues+Salicylic acid
    1
        Methotrexate + Salicylic acid
    1
        Other unknown topical treatment
    1
        Prednisone
    2
        Salicylic acid formulations
    2
        None
    15
        Not available
    3
    Last previous phototherapy received
    Units: Subjects
        PUVA + UVB
    14
        PUVA
    21
        UVB
    78
        None
    158
        Not available
    3
    Baseline PGA
    There is one patient with no information on PGA at screening, baseline, or subsequent visits.
    Units: Subjects
        Mild
    11
        Moderate
    188
        Moderate-severe
    70
        Severe
    4
        Not available
    1
    Body mass index (BMI)
    Units: Kg/m2
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    27.9 ± 4.8
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Time since diagnosis
    Units: Years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    18.2 ± 13.6
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Number of relapses in the previous year
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.1 ± 2.5
    ±
    ±
    ±
    No. of visits to dermatologist in the last 6 months
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.4 ± 1.5
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Weight
    Units: Kg
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    80.3 ± 16.0
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Height
    Units: meters
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.7 ± 0.1
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Number of systemic treatments per patient
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    2.6 ± 2.1
    ±
    ±
    ±
    No. of different systemic treatments per patient
    The "other" category has been counted as a single different treatment.
    Units: number
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    1.6 ± 0.7
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Baseline PASI
    In 2 patients, without baseline PASI, the information was completed with the screening visit.
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    13.3 ± 5.8
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Baseline BSA
    One patient has not indicated a BSA value at either the baseline or screening visit, but has information available at subsequent visits.
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    17.4 ± 11.9
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Baseline DLQI
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    12.3 ± 7.3
    ±
    ±
    ±
    Baseline pruritus EVA
    Units: Score
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    6.9 ± 2.4
    ±
    ±
    ±

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    DMF (Skilarence)
    Reporting group description
    The patients included in the clinical trial received Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) as stated in the datasheet, with gradual dose increments during the first 9 weeks.

    Subject analysis set title
    DMF (ITTm)
    Subject analysis set type
    Modified intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Those patients who took the medication and had at least one PASI measurement after the baseline visit.

    Subject analysis set title
    DMF (ITT)
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    Those patients who met the selection criteria, took the medication and had at least one PASI measurement after the baseline visit.

    Subject analysis set title
    DMF (PP)
    Subject analysis set type
    Per protocol
    Subject analysis set description
    Those patients who took the corresponding medication and for whom all the requested information was available without significant deviations from the protocol.

    Subject analysis set title
    Statistical analysis
    Subject analysis set type
    Sub-group analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    This is a single-arm study. Unfortunately, this EudraCT form cannot accommodate for this type of study. Hence, this subgroup has been artificially created for statistical analysis in some endpoints.

    Primary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response at Week 24 (ADO)

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response at Week 24 (ADO) [1]
    End point description
    The primary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 75% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI75) at week 24 of DMF treatment. PASI is a scoring method for the assessment and classification of patient psoriasis severity. PASI combines the assessment of each psoriasis lesion from 0 to 4 (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked) based on three parameters: erythema, infiltration and desquamation, as well as a weighted assessment of the area affected divided into body parts (head, trunk, upper extremities and lower extremities). The PASI ranges between 0 and 72. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). The "number of subjects analyzed" means subjects analyzed for this endpoint.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Week 24 of treatment.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: This is a single-arm study. No comparative analyses were planned for this endpoint (only descriptive statistics).
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) DMF (ITT) DMF (PP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    162
    156
    156
    Units: subjects
    96
    93
    93
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response at Week 24 (LOCF)

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response at Week 24 (LOCF) [2]
    End point description
    The primary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 75% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI75) at week 24 of DMF treatment. PASI is a scoring method for the assessment and classification of patient psoriasis severity. PASI combines the assessment of each psoriasis lesion from 0 to 4 (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked) based on three parameters: erythema, infiltration and desquamation, as well as a weighted assessment of the area affected divided into body parts (head, trunk, upper extremities and lower extremities). The PASI ranges between 0 and 72. Data analyzed with Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method. The "number of subjects analyzed" means subjects analyzed for this endpoint.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Week 24 of treatment.
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: This is a single-arm study. No comparative analyses were planned for this endpoint (only descriptive statistics).
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) DMF (ITT) DMF (PP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    274
    264
    156
    Units: subjects
    108
    104
    93
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response at Week 24 (MI)

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response at Week 24 (MI) [3]
    End point description
    The primary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 75% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI75) at week 24 of DMF treatment. PASI is a scoring method for the assessment and classification of patient psoriasis severity. PASI combines the assessment of each psoriasis lesion from 0 to 4 (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked) based on three parameters: erythema, infiltration and desquamation, as well as a weighted assessment of the area affected divided into body parts (head, trunk, upper extremities and lower extremities). The PASI ranges between 0 and 72. Data analyzed with Multiple Imputation (MI) method. The "number of subjects analyzed" means subjects analyzed for this endpoint.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Week 24 of treatment.
    Notes
    [3] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: This is a single-arm study. No comparative analyses were planned for this endpoint (only descriptive statistics).
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) DMF (ITT) DMF (PP)
    Number of subjects analysed
    274
    264
    156
    Units: subjects
    126
    121
    93
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI75 response over 52 weeks
    End point description
    This secondary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 75% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI75) at weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of DMF treatment. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points). No comparative statistical analysis was performed, only descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm)
    Number of subjects analysed
    274 [4]
    Units: subjects
        Week 4 (n=270)
    3
        Week 8 (n=244)
    27
        Week 12 (n=203)
    72
        Week 24 (n=162)
    96
        Week 36 (n=121)
    94
        Week 48 (n=95)
    73
        Week 52 (n=77)
    61
    Notes
    [4] - Number of subjects at baseline. The number of subjects analyzed at each time point is shown below.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI50 response over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI50 response over 52 weeks
    End point description
    This secondary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 50% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI50) at weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of DMF treatment. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points). No comparative statistical analysis was performed, only descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm)
    Number of subjects analysed
    274 [5]
    Units: subjects
        Week 4 (n=270)
    39
        Week 8 (n=244)
    96
        Week 12 (n=203)
    128
        Week 24 (n=162)
    133
        Week 36 (n=121)
    109
        Week 48 (n=95)
    84
        Week 52 (n=77)
    71
    Notes
    [5] - Number of subjects at baseline. The number of subjects analyzed at each time point is shown below.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI90 response over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI90 response over 52 weeks
    End point description
    This secondary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 90% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI90) at weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of DMF treatment. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points). No comparative statistical analysis was performed, only descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm)
    Number of subjects analysed
    274 [6]
    Units: subjects
        Week 4 (n=270)
    0
        Week 8 (n=244)
    8
        Week 12 (n=203)
    27
        Week 24 (n=162)
    59
        Week 36 (n=121)
    61
        Week 48 (n=95)
    42
        Week 52 (n=77)
    36
    Notes
    [6] - Number of subjects at baseline. The number of subjects analyzed at each time point is shown below.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of subjects who achieved PASI100 response over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved PASI100 response over 52 weeks
    End point description
    This secondary endpoint of the study was the number of patients achieving a reduction ≥ 100% in PASI compared to baseline (PASI100) at weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of DMF treatment. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points). No comparative statistical analysis was performed, only descriptive statistics.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm)
    Number of subjects analysed
    274 [7]
    Units: subjects
        Week 4 (n=270)
    0
        Week 8 (n=244)
    1
        Week 12 (n=203)
    11
        Week 24 (n=162)
    30
        Week 36 (n=121)
    34
        Week 48 (n=95)
    24
        Week 52 (n=77)
    27
    Notes
    [7] - Number of subjects at baseline. The number of subjects analyzed at each time point is shown below.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change in PASI score over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Change in PASI score over 52 weeks
    End point description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the PASI score (score change) during 52 weeks. PASI is a scoring method for the assessment and classification of patient psoriasis severity. PASI combines the assessment of each psoriasis lesion from 0 to 4 (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3=marked, 4=very marked) based on three parameters: erythema, infiltration and desquamation, as well as a weighted assessment of the area affected divided into body parts (head, trunk, upper extremities and lower extremities). The PASI ranges between 0 and 72. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    76 [8]
    1 [9]
    Units: Score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Baseline (n=274)
    13.3 ± 5.8
    0 ± 0
        Week 4 (n=270)
    10.3 ± 5.2
    0 ± 0
        Week 8 (n=244)
    8.4 ± 5.3
    0 ± 0
        Week 12 (n=203)
    5.7 ± 4.6
    0 ± 0
        Week 24 (n=162)
    3.5 ± 4.2
    0 ± 0
        Week 36 (n=121)
    2.5 ± 3.6
    0 ± 0
        Week 48 (n=95)
    2.4 ± 3.4
    0 ± 0
        Week 52 (n=77)
    2.2 ± 3.1
    0 ± 0
    Notes
    [8] - Number of patients used for Wilcoxon signed-rank test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=77).
    [9] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis.
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in PASI score over 52 weeks
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the PASI score from baseline up to Week 52.
    Comparison groups
    DMF (ITTm) v Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    77
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [10]
    P-value
    < 0.001 [11]
    Method
    Wilcoxon signed-rank test
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [10] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from baseline up to Week 52 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
    [11] - There was a significant improvement in PASI score at Week 52 from Baseline.

    Secondary: Number of subjects who achieved a PGA 0 response over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved a PGA 0 response over 52 weeks
    End point description
    Number of patients achieving a PGA = 0 at baseline and Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment. The PGA score provides a subjective assessment of the severity of the disease and evaluates the intensity, but not the extent or symptomatology of the lesions. PGA uses a score between 0 and 5 (0=blank [no signs of psoriasis, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation may be present]; 1=almost mild [intermediate between slight and mild]; 2=mild [mild elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]; 3=moderate [moderate elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]; 4=moderate-severe [marked elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]; 5=severe [very marked elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]). Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    74 [12]
    1 [13]
    Units: subjects
        Baseline (n=273)
    0
    0
        Week 4 (n=269)
    0
    0
        Week 8 (n=241)
    2
    0
        Week 12 (n=201)
    13
    0
        Week 24 (n=162)
    31
    0
        Week 36 (n=121)
    36
    0
        Week 48 (n=93)
    31
    0
        Week 52 (n=75)
    31
    0
    Notes
    [12] - Number of patients used for Chi-Square test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=75).
    [13] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis.
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in subjects' percentage achieving a PGA = 0
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the percentage of subjects achieving a PGA score of 0 (blank) from baseline up to Week 52 of treatment.
    Comparison groups
    DMF (ITTm) v Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    75
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [14]
    P-value
    < 0.001 [15]
    Method
    Chi-squared
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [14] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from baseline up to Week 52 by Chi-Square test.
    [15] - There was a significant increase in subjects' percentage achieving a PGA score of 0 at Week 52 from Baseline.

    Secondary: Number of subjects who achieved a PGA 1 response over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Number of subjects who achieved a PGA 1 response over 52 weeks
    End point description
    Number of subjects achieving a PGA = 1 at baseline and Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment. The PGA score provides a subjective assessment of the severity of the disease and evaluates the intensity, but not the extent or symptomatology of the lesions. PGA uses a score between 0 and 5 (0=blank [no signs of psoriasis, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation may be present]; 1=almost mild [intermediate between slight and mild]; 2=mild [mild elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]; 3=moderate [moderate elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]; 4=moderate-severe [marked elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]; 5=severe [very marked elevation of plaque, scaling and/or erythema]). Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    74 [16]
    1 [17]
    Units: subjects
        Baseline (n=273)
    0
    0
        Week 4 (n=269)
    8
    0
        Week 8 (n=241)
    23
    0
        Week 12 (n=201)
    52
    0
        Week 24 (n=162)
    62
    0
        Week 36 (n=121)
    51
    0
        Week 48 (n=93)
    40
    0
        Week 52 (n=75)
    29
    0
    Notes
    [16] - Number of patients used for Chi-Square test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=75).
    [17] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis.
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in subjects' percentage achieving a PGA = 1
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the percentage of subjects achieving a PGA score of 1 (almost blank) from baseline up to Week 52 of treatment.
    Comparison groups
    DMF (ITTm) v Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    75
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [18]
    P-value
    < 0.001 [19]
    Method
    Chi-squared
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [18] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from baseline up to Week 52 by Chi-Square test.
    [19] - There was a significant increase in subjects' percentage achieving a PGA score of 1 at Week 52 from baseline.

    Secondary: Change in BSA score over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Change in BSA score over 52 weeks
    End point description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the BSA score (score change) during 52 weeks. The BSA measures the surface area affected by psoriasis lesions using the palm of the patient's hand (including fingers), as equivalent to 1% of the patient's total body surface area. Psoriasis is considered mild when it affects less than 3% of the skin surface, moderate when it affects between 3 and 8%, and severe when it affects more than 10%. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    76 [20]
    1 [21]
    Units: Score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Baseline (n=273)
    17.4 ± 11.9
    0 ± 0
        Week 4 (n=268)
    15.0 ± 10.2
    0 ± 0
        Week 8 (n=243)
    12.7 ± 9.9
    0 ± 0
        Week 12 (n=202)
    9.7 ± 9.9
    0 ± 0
        Week 24 (n=161)
    5.1 ± 8.0
    0 ± 0
        Week 36 (n=121)
    3.2 ± 4.6
    0 ± 0
        Week 48 (n=95)
    2.6 ± 4.2
    0 ± 0
        Week 52 (n=77)
    2.8 ± 5.5
    0 ± 0
    Notes
    [20] - Number of patients used for Wilcoxon signed-rank test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=77).
    [21] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis.
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in BSA score over 52 weeks
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the BSA score from baseline up to Week 52.
    Comparison groups
    DMF (ITTm) v Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    77
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [22]
    P-value
    < 0.001 [23]
    Method
    Wilcoxon signed-rank test
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [22] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from baseline up to Week 52 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
    [23] - There was a significant improvement in BSA score at Week 52 from Baseline.

    Secondary: Change in EVA score of pruritus over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Change in EVA score of pruritus over 52 weeks
    End point description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the EVA score of pruritus (score change) during 52 weeks. It is a single-item scale for the evaluation of the degree of itching, delimited by the terms "no itching" at point 0 and the term "unbearable itching" at the end of the scale. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    76 [24]
    1 [25]
    Units: Score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Baseline (n=274)
    6.9 ± 2.4
    0 ± 0
        Week 4 (n=270)
    5.9 ± 2.5
    0 ± 0
        Week 8 (n=242)
    5.2 ± 2.8
    0 ± 0
        Week 12 (n=203)
    3.7 ± 2.6
    0 ± 0
        Week 24 (n=161)
    2.8 ± 2.9
    0 ± 0
        Week 36 (n=118)
    2.5 ± 2.9
    0 ± 0
        Week 48 (n=93)
    2.2 ± 2.8
    0 ± 0
        Week 52 (n=77)
    2.1 ± 2.6
    0 ± 0
    Notes
    [24] - Number of patients used for Wilcoxon signed-rank test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=77).
    [25] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in EVA score of pruritus over 52 weeks
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the EVA score of pruritus from baseline up to Week 52.
    Comparison groups
    Statistical analysis v DMF (ITTm)
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    77
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [26]
    P-value
    < 0.001 [27]
    Method
    Wilcoxon signed-rank test
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [26] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from baseline up to Week 52 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
    [27] - There was a significant improvement in EVA score of pruritus at Week 52 from Baseline.

    Secondary: Change in DLQI score over 52 weeks

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    End point title
    Change in DLQI score over 52 weeks
    End point description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the DLQI score (score change) during 52 weeks. It is a dermatology-specific health-related quality of life (HRQoL) assessment tool developed to evaluate the impact of a dermatological disease on the patient's daily life. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From baseline up to Weeks 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 52 of treatment.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    76 [28]
    1 [29]
    Units: score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Baseline (n=274)
    12.3 ± 7.3
    0 ± 0
        Week 4 (n=271)
    9.5 ± 7.0
    0 ± 0
        Week 8 (n=243)
    8.0 ± 7.0
    0 ± 0
        Week 12 (n=203)
    5.8 ± 5.9
    0 ± 0
        Week 24 (n=161)
    3.5 ± 5.0
    0 ± 0
        Week 36 (n=119)
    2.5 ± 3.8
    0 ± 0
        Week 48 (n=94)
    2.3 ± 4.2
    0 ± 0
        Week 52 (n=77)
    1.9 ± 3.0
    0 ± 0
    Notes
    [28] - Number of patients used for Wilcoxon signed-rank test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=77).
    [29] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis.
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in DLQI score over 52 weeks
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the EVA score of pruritus from baseline up to Week 52.
    Comparison groups
    Statistical analysis v DMF (ITTm)
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    77
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [30]
    P-value
    < 0.001 [31]
    Method
    Wilcoxon signed-rank test
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [30] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from baseline up to Week 52 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
    [31] - There was a significant improvement in DLQI score of pruritus at Week 52 from Baseline.

    Secondary: Change in the satisfaction EVA score from Week 24 up to 52 or the discontinuation week

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    End point title
    Change in the satisfaction EVA score from Week 24 up to 52 or the discontinuation week
    End point description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the satisfaction EVA score (score change) during 52 weeks. It is a single-item scale for the evaluation of the degree of satisfaction with the treatment, delimited by the terms "completely unsatisfactory" for the score 0 and "completely satisfactory" for the score 10 of the scale. Analysis carried out with available data only (ADO). Here, ‘n’= subjects analyzed for this endpoint for specified rows (time points).
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From Week 24 up to Week 52 or discontinuation week.
    End point values
    DMF (ITTm) Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects analysed
    73 [32]
    1 [33]
    Units: score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Week 24
    7.6 ± 2.7
    0 ± 0
        Week of discontinuation
    3.4 ± 3.4
    0 ± 0
        Week 52
    8.4 ± 2.1
    0 ± 0
    Notes
    [32] - Number of patients used for Wilcoxon signed-rank test with data from baseline to week 52 (N=74).
    [33] - This form cannot cater for single-arm study. So, this subgroup was artificially set up for analysis
    Statistical analysis title
    Change in the satisfaction EVA score
    Statistical analysis description
    Change in the mean ± SD of the satisfaction EVA score from Week 24 to Week 52 of treatment.
    Comparison groups
    DMF (ITTm) v Statistical analysis
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    74
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other [34]
    P-value
    = 0.191 [35]
    Method
    Wilcoxon signed-rank test
    Confidence interval
    Notes
    [34] - This form is not suitable for single-arm clinical trials and does not allow statistical analysis of paired data from two observations at different time points for the same population. Therefore, the "statistical analysis" subgroup had to be artificially created to analyze the statistical significance of change score from Week 24 to Week 52 by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
    [35] - Not statistically significant.

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From Baseline to Week 52.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    AEs were obtained by asking patients neutral questions during visits and/or by collecting AEs spontaneously reported by the patient to the investigator. All AEs obtained by the investigator throughout the study were appropriately noted in the eCRF. SAEs were reported to the sponsor by e-mail or fax within 24 hours of their occurrence.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    23.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    DMF (Skilarence)
    Reporting group description
    The patients included in the clinical trial received Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) as stated in the datasheet, with gradual dose increments during the first 9 weeks.

    Serious adverse events
    DMF (Skilarence)
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Renal cell carcinoma
    Additional description: Hospitalization of the patient. Not related to treatment.
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 282 (0.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Cerebral infarction
    Additional description: Posible relation to Skilarence. Permanent withdrawal of study treatment. Recovery with sequelae.
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 282 (0.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Eosinofilia
    Additional description: Related to Skilarence. Permanent withdrawal of study treatment. Complete recovery.
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 282 (0.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Hepatitis acute
    Additional description: Posible relation to Skilarence. Permanent withdrawal of study treatment. Complete recovery.
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 282 (0.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Appendicitis
    Additional description: Not related to Skilarence. Temporary discontinuation of medication. Complete recovery.
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 282 (0.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 1%
    Non-serious adverse events
    DMF (Skilarence)
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    272 / 282 (96.45%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 282 (2.48%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Tooth extraction
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 282 (2.48%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Burning sensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 282 (2.13%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 282 (2.84%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Feeling hot
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 282 (3.19%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Flushing
         subjects affected / exposed
    79 / 282 (28.01%)
         occurrences all number
    171
    Hot flush
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 282 (2.48%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Inflammation
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Malaise
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 282 (2.84%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Catarrh
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 282 (7.80%)
         occurrences all number
    23
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Nasal congestion
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Oropharyngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Pharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Rhinitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Weight decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 282 (4.96%)
         occurrences all number
    15
    Formication
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    35 / 282 (12.41%)
         occurrences all number
    59
    Insomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Paraesthesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Eosinofilia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Leukopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Lymphopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    88 / 282 (31.21%)
         occurrences all number
    110
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal discomfort
         subjects affected / exposed
    31 / 282 (10.99%)
         occurrences all number
    44
    Abdominal distension
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 282 (2.48%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    99 / 282 (35.11%)
         occurrences all number
    139
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    42 / 282 (14.89%)
         occurrences all number
    56
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 282 (3.55%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    141 / 282 (50.00%)
         occurrences all number
    253
    Dyspepsia
         subjects affected / exposed
    12 / 282 (4.26%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Flatulence
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 282 (3.55%)
         occurrences all number
    13
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Gastrointestinal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 282 (2.84%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    38 / 282 (13.48%)
         occurrences all number
    40
    Toothache
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    37 / 282 (13.12%)
         occurrences all number
    42
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    32 / 282 (11.35%)
         occurrences all number
    53
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    37 / 282 (13.12%)
         occurrences all number
    57
    Psoriasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Skin burning sensation
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Urticaria
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 282 (1.42%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Haematuria
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 282 (1.77%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    13 / 282 (4.61%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Neck pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 282 (2.13%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 282 (2.13%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Infections and infestations
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 282 (3.55%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    15 / 282 (5.32%)
         occurrences all number
    18
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Tooth abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 282 (3.19%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 282 (2.13%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Feeding intolerance
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 282 (2.84%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Hypertriglyceridaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 282 (1.06%)
         occurrences all number
    3

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? No

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    This is a single-arm study; comparative analyses could not be performed.
    For support, Contact us.
    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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