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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Phased Avelumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with advanced small-cell lung cancer (SCLC).

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2017-004784-12
    Trial protocol
    GR  
    Global end of trial date
    12 Dec 2024

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    15 Jun 2025
    First version publication date
    15 Jun 2025
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    HE1/17 - PAVE
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT03568097
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group
    Sponsor organisation address
    Messoghion Ave. 41, Athens, Greece, 115 26
    Public contact
    Clinical Trials, Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG), 0030 2106912520, hecogoff@otenet.gr
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trials, Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG), 0030 2106912520, hecogoff@otenet.gr
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    23 Dec 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    12 Dec 2024
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To evaluate the safety and efficacy of phased avelumab administration along with first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced small-cell lung cancer, primarily by determining whether phased avelumab administration and maintenance treatment could prolong Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and 1-year PFS.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines and local regulatory requirements.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    16 Sep 2018
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Greece: 55
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    55
    EEA total number of subjects
    55
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    24
    From 65 to 84 years
    31
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    The study enrolled participants between 16 September 2018 and 16 September 2020 in seven sites.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Patients were screened for eligibility prior to entering the study and written informed consent was obtained before any study-related procedures were performed.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall trial (Overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Arm description
    Eligible patients received Cisplatin 80 mg/m² or Carboplatin AUC 5 on Day 1 every three weeks for 4–6 cycles, in combination with Etoposide 100 mg/m² on Days 1–3 every three weeks for 4–6 cycles. Switching between Cisplatin and Carboplatin was permitted for medical reasons. Avelumab 10 mg/kg was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion diluted in 0.9% saline every two weeks, starting from the third chemotherapy cycle. It continued until the end of chemotherapy and was then given as maintenance treatment every two weeks until disease progression. A ±3-day window for Avelumab administration was allowed without being considered a treatment delay or protocol deviation.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Avelumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Bavencio
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Concentrate for solution for infusion
    Routes of administration
    Intravenous use
    Dosage and administration details
    10 mg/kg were administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every two weeks, starting from the third chemotherapy cycle until the completion of chemotherapy, and subsequently as maintenance treatment every two weeks until disease progression, the occurrence of excessive adverse events, the investigator’s decision, the patient’s refusal to continue treatment, or death, whichever occurred first.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Started
    55
    Completed
    38
    Not completed
    17
         Physician decision
    2
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    2
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
         Death
    4
         Progression Disease
    8

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Overall trial (Overall period)
    Reporting group description
    The study included an initial safety run-in, open-label, single-arm part (Part 1), and the actual phase II study (Part 2). During Part 1, at least 6 eligible patients received standard first-line chemotherapy for ES-SCLC and avelumab. Three patients received cisplatin 80mg/m2 and three carboplatin AUC 5 D1 every three weeks for 4-6 cycles. The dose and schedule were confirmed for use in the phase II study if no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed after 3 patients completed at least 4 cycles (2 initial chemotherapy-alone cycles plus 2 more with avelumab).

    Reporting group values
    Overall trial (Overall period) Total
    Number of subjects
    55 55
    Age categorical
    Patients aged 18 years and above.
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    24 24
        From 65-84 years
    31 31
        85 years and over
    0 0
    Age continuous
    Patients aged 18 years and above.
    Units: years
        median (full range (min-max))
    66 (44 to 83) -
    Gender categorical
    Male or female patients
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    18 18
        Male
    37 37

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Reporting group description
    Eligible patients received Cisplatin 80 mg/m² or Carboplatin AUC 5 on Day 1 every three weeks for 4–6 cycles, in combination with Etoposide 100 mg/m² on Days 1–3 every three weeks for 4–6 cycles. Switching between Cisplatin and Carboplatin was permitted for medical reasons. Avelumab 10 mg/kg was administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion diluted in 0.9% saline every two weeks, starting from the third chemotherapy cycle. It continued until the end of chemotherapy and was then given as maintenance treatment every two weeks until disease progression. A ±3-day window for Avelumab administration was allowed without being considered a treatment delay or protocol deviation.

    Primary: Progression Free Survival (1 - YEAR PFS)

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    End point title
    Progression Free Survival (1 - YEAR PFS) [1]
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    Progression-Free Survival (PFS) is defined as the time from the date of study entry to the date of disease progression, death from any cause, or last follow-up.
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: No statistical comparison was performed as no control arm was included. The 1-year PFS rate is reported descriptively with 95% CI in the accompanying KM Plot.
    End point values
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    55
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    6.0 (5.0 to 7.0)
    Attachments
    Kaplan - Meier for PFS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Overall Survival (OS)

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    End point title
    Overall Survival (OS)
    End point description
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    The OS is defined as the time from date of study entry to the date of death, regardless of the actual cause of the patients' death or date of last contact.
    End point values
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    55
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    10.3 (7.53 to 12.0)
    Attachments
    Kaplan - Meier for OS
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Objective Response Rate (ORR)

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    End point title
    Objective Response Rate (ORR)
    End point description
    ORR is defined as the proportion of patients with confirmed Complete Response (CR) or confirmed Partial Response (PR) as best overall response to treatment, based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) v. 1.1 guidelines.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks (±14 days) up to Week 48, then every 12 weeks until radiologic progression. Patients with brain metastases had surveillance MRI ~every 12 weeks or earlier if clinically indicated.
    End point values
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    55
    Units: Percentage
        number (not applicable)
    69.1
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Duration of Response (DoR)

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    End point title
    Duration of Response (DoR)
    End point description
    CR: Disappearance of all evidence of target and non-target lesions. PR: At least 30% reduction from baseline in the sum of the longest diameter (SLD) of all lesions. SD: Neither sufficient increase to qualify for PD nor sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR. PD was defined as at least a 20 percent increase in the SLD, taking as reference the smallest SLD recorded from baseline or the appearance of 1 or more new lesions.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    DOR was defined per RECIST 1.1 as the time from first documented CR or PR to the first occurrence of PD or death from any cause within 12 weeks after the last tumor assessment, whichever came first, in patients with confirmed response.
    End point values
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    55
    Units: months
        median (confidence interval 95%)
    5.6 (4.0 to 6.6)
    Attachments
    Kaplan - Meier for DoR
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)

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    End point title
    Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs)
    End point description
    According to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) Version 4.03.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    TEAEs were defined as adverse events (AEs) that occurred between the first dose of study drug administration and up to 90 days after the last dose, which were either absent prior to treatment or had worsened relative to the pretreatment state.
    End point values
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    55
    Units: Subjects (Cases)
        Grade 1 & 2
    265
        Grade 3 & 4
    57
        Grade 5
    4
    Attachments
    TEAEs_Table
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaires

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    End point title
    Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaires
    End point description
    EQ-5D-5L: Α generic health status questionnaire assessing five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Responses generate a health profile converted into a single index score ranging from 0.59 (worst health) to 1.00 (best health). Change from baseline was measured. EORTC QLQ-C30: A cancer-specific tool with 30 questions covering 15 domains, including global health status (GHS), functional domains (physical, role, cognitive, emotional, social), and symptoms. Scores range from 0 (very poor QoL) to 100 (excellent QoL). Change from baseline in GHS was evaluated. EORTC QLQ-LC13: A lung cancer–specific module assessing symptoms and treatment-related side effects via 13 items. Scores range from 0 (no symptom burden) to 100 (severe symptom burden). Change from baseline was assessed for symptom impact.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    All QoL tools were completed on Day 1 of each cycle. During the Maintenance phase, they were completed every 2 cycles (approximately once a month). QoL assessments were performed prior to any study procedures and treatment.
    End point values
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Number of subjects analysed
    55 [2]
    Units: Index
        arithmetic mean (confidence interval 95%)
    66.67 (65.41 to 67.93)
    Attachments
    Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaires
    Marginal Mean Response Model
    Notes
    [2] - The data refer exclusively to the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire.
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    The AE reporting period for the trial began upon signature of the informed consent form by the study subject and ended 90 days after the last dose of study treatment.
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    According to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) Version 4.03.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    21.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Reporting group description
    All adverse events (AEs) that occurred during the defined period were documented in the source records and in the CRF and/or eCRF, regardless of their relationship to the study treatment.

    Serious adverse events
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 55 (43.64%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    51
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    7
    Vascular disorders
    Thromboembolic event
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Death not otherwise specified (NOS)
    Additional description: Death not otherwise specified (NOS)
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Reproductive system and breast disorders
    Prostatic Hyperplasia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Bronchopulmonary hemorrhage
    Additional description: Haemoptysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary Embolism
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Platelet count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    5 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Hip fracture
    Additional description: fractured ischium
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Nervous system disorders
    Epileptic Seizure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Stroke
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 55 (9.09%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    9 / 9
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Febrile neutropenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Infectious enterocolitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
    Additional description: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Bronchial infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lung infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Upper respiratory infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Herpes Zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB)
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    2 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Candida Infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lower respiratory infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyponatremia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Avelumab + Standard 1st line Chemotherapy
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    53 / 55 (96.36%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypertension
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Superior vena cava syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Chills
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Edema limbs
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    22 / 55 (40.00%)
         occurrences all number
    36
    Fever
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hypothermia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Immune system disorders
    Allergic reaction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Bronchopulmonary hemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 55 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Dyspnea
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 55 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Hiccups
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Laryngeal hemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Pharyngolaryngeal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Pneumonitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Pneumothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Investigations
    Alanine aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 55 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Alkaline phosphatase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 55 (18.18%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Aspartate aminotransferase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Blood bilirubin increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    14
    Creatinine increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    GGT increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Lipase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Lymphocyte count increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Neutrophil count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    17 / 55 (30.91%)
         occurrences all number
    32
    Platelet count decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    18 / 55 (32.73%)
         occurrences all number
    41
    Serum amylase increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Weight gain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Weight loss
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    White blood cell decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    16 / 55 (29.09%)
         occurrences all number
    29
    Increased amylase
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Cardiac disorders
    Sinus tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Supraventricular tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hypersomnia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Peripheral sensory neuropathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    27 / 55 (49.09%)
         occurrences all number
    38
    Leukocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Thrombocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Constipation
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Diarrhea
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Esophagitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Ileus
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Mucositis oral
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Alopecia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Rash maculo-papular
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Endocrine disorders
    Adrenal insufficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hyperthyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 55 (10.91%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Hypothyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Bone Pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Myalgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Rash pustular
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Respiratory disorders
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Lower respiratory infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Anorexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Hypercalcemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Hyperglycemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 55 (12.73%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Hyperkalemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 55 (12.73%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Hypernatremia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 55 (3.64%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Hyperuricemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 55 (9.09%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Hypocalcemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 55 (10.91%)
         occurrences all number
    10
    Hypoglycemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Hypokalemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    Hypomagnesemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 55 (7.27%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Hypophosphatemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 55 (5.45%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Hyperphosphatemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Uric Acid decreased
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 55 (1.82%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    Hyponatremia
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 55 (12.73%)
         occurrences all number
    9

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    29 Nov 2018
    1. Amendment of the Informed Consent Form (ICF) 2. Addition of five new investigational sites 3. Principal Investigator (PI) change at an already approved site
    25 Jun 2020
    1. Protocol amendment 2. Amendment of the Informed Consent Form (ICF) 3. Investigator’s Brochure (IB) update 4. Addition of three new investigational sites
    29 Jun 2021
    1. Extension of the clinical trial duration (by one year) 2. Addition of one new investigational site
    30 May 2022
    1. Extension of the clinical trial duration (by one year)
    09 Jun 2023
    1. Extension of the clinical trial duration (by one year)
    04 Jun 2024
    1. Extension of the clinical trial duration (by one year)
    11 Dec 2024
    1. Protocol amendment 2. Amendment of the Informed Consent Form (ICF) 3. Update of the Investigator’s Brochure (IB) Justification: Amendment was submitted by the sponsor on 11-Dec-2024, thus prior to global end of the trial. However the sponsor received the approval of the Regulatory Authority on 07-Jan-2025.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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