E.1 Medical condition or disease under investigation |
E.1.1 | Medical condition(s) being investigated |
Recurrent, Refractory or Progressive High Grade Glioma and Ependymoma Tumors |
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E.1.1.1 | Medical condition in easily understood language |
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E.1.1.2 | Therapeutic area | Diseases [C] - Cancer [C04] |
MedDRA Classification |
E.1.3 | Condition being studied is a rare disease | Yes |
E.2 Objective of the trial |
E.2.1 | Main objective of the trial |
To estimate the objective response rate (ORR [partial response {PR} or complete response {CR} 8 weeks]) to sunitinib in 2 strata of recurrent or progressive brain tumors in pediatric and young adult patients. The target tumors were:
•Stratum A: Recurrent/progressive/refractory HGG (excluding diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma).
•Stratum B: Recurrent/progressive/refractory ependymoma
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E.2.2 | Secondary objectives of the trial |
•To explore and report descriptively the safety and tolerability of sunitinib in pediatric and young adult patients with brain tumors who had not received prior anthracycline or radiotherapy involving the heart.
•To describe the PK profile of pediatric and young adult patients taking sunitinib.
•To describe the cumulative toxicities of sunitinib when administered over multiple courses to pediatric and young adult patients.
•To estimate progression-free survival (PFS) distributions for these cohorts of patients
•To evaluate changes in phosphorylation of PDGFR- and -, MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), S6 kinase and AKT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and explore possible associations between these changes and outcome measures.
•To evaluate plasma levels of soluble isoforms of VEGFR-1 and -2 prior to initiation of therapy and at points during therapy as an exploration of possible biomarkers of clinical response.
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E.2.3 | Trial contains a sub-study | No |
E.3 | Principal inclusion criteria |
•Age: 18 months of age and <22 years of age at the time of study enrollment.
•Diagnosis: Patients must have been diagnosed with ependymoma or HGG (World Health Organization Grade III/IV)
A histological diagnosis from either the initial presentation or at the time of recurrence was required.
•Patients had to have radiographically documented measurable disease in the brain, defined as at least 1 lesion that could be accurately measured in at least 2 planes.
•Cranial and spinal MRI
Performance level:
•Patients had to have a performance status corresponding to ECOG scores of 0, 1 or 2. Karnofsky performance status was used for patients >16 years of age and Lansky for patients 16 years of age.
•Note: Neurological deficits in patients must have been relatively stable for a minimum of 1 week prior to study enrollment. Patients who were unable to walk because of paralysis, but who were up in a wheelchair, were considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score.
•Prior therapy: Patient must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy prior to entering this study
Concomitant medication restrictions:
•Steroids: Patients who were receiving dexamethasone must have been on a stable or decreasing dose for at least 7 days prior to enrollment.
•Cytochrome P450-3A4 (CYP)-3A4 inhibitors and/or inducers: Must not have received potent inhibitors within 7 days prior to study enrollment and potent inducers within 12 days prior to study enrollment.
•Hematopoietic growth factors: At least 7 days must have elapsed since the completion of therapy with a growth factor
Organ function requirements:
•Adequate bone marrow function
•Adequate renal function
•Adequate liver function
•Adequate cardiac function
•Central nervous system (CNS) function
•Adequate coagulation
• Patients must have had the ability to take oral medication, either by mouth or via gastric tube
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E.4 | Principal exclusion criteria |
•Diagnosed with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.
•Had previously received sunitinib or had received other VEGF pathway, PDGFR, or KIT targeted therapy. The one exception to this rule was that patients who received bevacizumab as part of their prior therapy could enroll in the study.
•Had >2 prior chemotherapy and/or RT regimens. For example, 1 initial treatment course of chemotherapy and/or RT (counted as 1 treatment course) and at relapse, had1 treatment course of chemotherapy and/or RT (counted as 1 treatment course).
•Evidence of new CNS hemorrhage of more than punctate size and/or >3 foci of punctate hemorrhage on baseline MRI obtained within 14 days prior to study enrollment.Note: Echo gradient MRI sequences per institutional guidelines were required for evaluation of CNS hemorrhage.
•Received prior therapy with known risk for cardiovascular complications (eg, anthracycline therapy or prior RT that included the heart and/or craniospinal radiation) or had a personal history of genetic and/or congenital cardiac abnormalities.
• Had a history of cardiac disease
•Had a cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, pulmonary embolism or other significant thromboembolic event within 12 months prior to enrollment.
•Had Grade 3 hemorrhage within 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
•Had any diagnoses of peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, abdomen fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, or intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months prior to enrollment.
•Had an uncontrolled infection.
•Were receiving antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus disease, ongoing treatment with therapeutic doses (ie, therapeutic INR levels) of coumarin-derivatives or oral anti-vitamin K agents, or investigational agents.
•Had hypothyroidism that had not been well-controlled by medications for at least 2 weeks prior to study entry.
•Were receiving investigational agents.
•Had a history of allergic reactions to compounds of similar chemical or biological composition to sunitinib.
•Had any other condition that could result in an inability to swallow capsules/sprinkles or absorb oral sunitinib administered through a gastric tube.
•BSA <0.55 m2 or >2.18 m2.
•Pregnancy or breastfeeding
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E.5 End points |
E.5.1 | Primary end point(s) |
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E.5.1.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.5.2 | Secondary end point(s) |
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E.5.2.1 | Timepoint(s) of evaluation of this end point |
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E.6 and E.7 Scope of the trial |
E.6 | Scope of the trial |
E.6.1 | Diagnosis | No |
E.6.2 | Prophylaxis | No |
E.6.3 | Therapy | No |
E.6.4 | Safety | Yes |
E.6.5 | Efficacy | Yes |
E.6.6 | Pharmacokinetic | Yes |
E.6.7 | Pharmacodynamic | No |
E.6.8 | Bioequivalence | No |
E.6.9 | Dose response | No |
E.6.10 | Pharmacogenetic | No |
E.6.11 | Pharmacogenomic | No |
E.6.12 | Pharmacoeconomic | No |
E.6.13 | Others | No |
E.7 | Trial type and phase |
E.7.1 | Human pharmacology (Phase I) | No |
E.7.1.1 | First administration to humans | No |
E.7.1.2 | Bioequivalence study | No |
E.7.1.3 | Other | No |
E.7.1.3.1 | Other trial type description | |
E.7.2 | Therapeutic exploratory (Phase II) | Yes |
E.7.3 | Therapeutic confirmatory (Phase III) | No |
E.7.4 | Therapeutic use (Phase IV) | No |
E.8 Design of the trial |
E.8.1 | Controlled | No |
E.8.1.1 | Randomised | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.1.2 | Open | Yes |
E.8.1.3 | Single blind | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.1.4 | Double blind | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.1.5 | Parallel group | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.1.6 | Cross over | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.1.7 | Other | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.2 | Comparator of controlled trial |
E.8.2.1 | Other medicinal product(s) | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.2.2 | Placebo | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.2.3 | Other | Information not present in EudraCT |
E.8.2.4 | Number of treatment arms in the trial | 1 |
E.8.3 |
Will this trial be conducted at a single site globally?
| No |
E.8.4 | Will this trial be conducted at multiple sites globally? | Yes |
E.8.6 Trial involving sites outside the EEA |
E.8.6.2 | Trial being conducted completely outside of the EEA | Yes |
E.8.6.3 | Specify the countries outside of the EEA in which trial sites are planned |
Australia |
Canada |
United States |
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E.8.7 | Trial has a data monitoring committee | Yes |
E.8.8 |
Definition of the end of the trial and justification where it is not the last
visit of the last subject undergoing the trial
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24 June 2013 (the study was closed by COG at the time of the planned interim analysis); 31 December 2013 (Data Cut-Off Date for Final
Analysis)
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E.8.9 Initial estimate of the duration of the trial |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial years | 2 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial months | 2 |
E.8.9.2 | In all countries concerned by the trial days | 0 |