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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pegcetacoplan in Patients with Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2021-003160-27
    Trial protocol
    DE   NO   HU   AT   IT   BG   ES   FI   BE  
    Global end of trial date
    11 Sep 2024

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    20 Jun 2025
    First version publication date
    20 Jun 2025
    Other versions
    Summary report(s)
    Sobi.PEGCET-101_CSR Final_v1.0_28Mar2025

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    Sobi.PEGCET-101
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    -
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ)
    Sponsor organisation address
    SE-112 76 , Stockholm, Sweden,
    Public contact
    Sobi Global Medical, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ), 0046 86972000 , medical.info@sobi.com
    Scientific contact
    Sobi Global Medical, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum AB (publ), 0046 86972000 , medical.info@sobi.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    11 Sep 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    11 Sep 2024
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    11 Sep 2024
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    Yes
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To demonstrate the efficacy of twice-weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) 1080-mg infusions of pegcetacoplan compared with that of placebo in patients with CAD
    Protection of trial subjects
    Vaccination was mandatory unless documented evidence existed that patients were non responders to vaccination. Vaccinations were to be administered following the ACIP recommendations for adults or children with complement deficiencies and/or immunocompromising conditions
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    22 Sep 2022
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Netherlands: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Norway: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Austria: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Germany: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Georgia: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Japan: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 4
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    24
    EEA total number of subjects
    14
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    4
    From 65 to 84 years
    20
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    A total of 38 patients were screened, with 14 patients failing screening. Of the 24 patients eligible for the study, 16 patients were randomized to pegcetacoplan and 8 patients to placebo.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Patients experiencing acute hemolytic crisis may have received blood cell transfusions during the Screening period. The dosing was started at least 7 days after receiving the last transfusion. As needed and after consultation with the medical monitor, the Screening period was extended by up to 2 additional weeks

    Pre-assignment period milestones
    Number of subjects started
    24
    Number of subjects completed
    24

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Part A
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Pegcetacoplan
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Pegcetacoplan
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    1080 mg twice weekly via SC infusion

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Placebo infusion twice weekly

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Pegcetacoplan Placebo
    Started
    16
    8
    Completed
    14
    7
    Not completed
    2
    1
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    2
    -
         Investigator decision
    -
    1
    Period 2
    Period 2 title
    Part B
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded
    Blinding implementation details
    All patients who completed the 24-week double-blind treatment period were eligible to enter the open-label treatment period, during which they received pegcetacoplan 1080 mg twice weekly for up to 24 weeks (Week 48)

    Arms
    Arm title
    Open-label Treatment Period
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Pegcetacoplan
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    1080 mg twice weekly via SC injection

    Number of subjects in period 2
    Open-label Treatment Period
    Started
    21
    Completed
    11
    Not completed
    10
         Sponsor terminated
    9
         Lack of efficacy
    1
    Period 3
    Period 3 title
    Part C
    Is this the baseline period?
    No
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Open-label maintenance period
    Arm description
    -
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Pegcetacoplan
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    1080 mg twice weekly via SC injection

    Number of subjects in period 3
    Open-label maintenance period
    Started
    11
    Completed
    0
    Not completed
    11
         Sponsor terminated study
    10
         Lack of efficacy
    1

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Pegcetacoplan
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group values
    Pegcetacoplan Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    16 8 24
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0 0 0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0 0 0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0 0 0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0 0 0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0 0 0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0 0 0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    3 1 4
        From 65-84 years
    13 7 20
        85 years and over
    0 0 0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (standard deviation)
    76.0 ( 7.25 ) 73.0 ( 6.73 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    10 6 16
        Male
    6 2 8
    Subject analysis sets

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    included all patients who received at least 1 dose of IMP. Patients were analyzed according to the treatment they received

    Subject analysis set title
    ITT Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    included all randomized patients. Patients were analyzed according to their assigned treatment, regardless of the treatment they actually received. The ITT set was used for all efficacy analyses

    Subject analysis set title
    PK Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The PK set included all patients in the ITT set who received IMP and had at least 1 evaluable post dose PK measurement

    Subject analysis set title
    PD Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The PD set included all patients in the ITT set who received IMP and had at least 1 evaluable post dose PD measurement

    Subject analysis sets values
    Safety Set ITT Set PK Set PD Set
    Number of subjects
    24
    24
    24
    24
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        In utero
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Preterm newborn infants (gestational age < 37 wks)
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Children (2-11 years)
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    0
    0
    0
        Adults (18-64 years)
    4
    4
    4
    4
        From 65-84 years
    20
    20
    20
    20
        85 years and over
    0
    0
    0
    0
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        median (standard deviation)
    73.5 ( 7.08 )
    73.5 ( 7.08 )
    73.5 ( 7.08 )
    73.5 ( 7.08 )
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    16
    16
    16
    16
        Male
    8
    8
    8
    8

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Pegcetacoplan
    Reporting group description
    -

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    -
    Reporting group title
    Open-label Treatment Period
    Reporting group description
    -
    Reporting group title
    Open-label maintenance period
    Reporting group description
    -

    Subject analysis set title
    Safety Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Safety analysis
    Subject analysis set description
    included all patients who received at least 1 dose of IMP. Patients were analyzed according to the treatment they received

    Subject analysis set title
    ITT Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    included all randomized patients. Patients were analyzed according to their assigned treatment, regardless of the treatment they actually received. The ITT set was used for all efficacy analyses

    Subject analysis set title
    PK Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The PK set included all patients in the ITT set who received IMP and had at least 1 evaluable post dose PK measurement

    Subject analysis set title
    PD Set
    Subject analysis set type
    Intention-to-treat
    Subject analysis set description
    The PD set included all patients in the ITT set who received IMP and had at least 1 evaluable post dose PD measurement

    Primary: To demonstrate the efficacy of twice-weekly SC 1080 mg infusions of pegcetacoplan compared with that of placebo in patients with CAD

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    End point title
    To demonstrate the efficacy of twice-weekly SC 1080 mg infusions of pegcetacoplan compared with that of placebo in patients with CAD
    End point description
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    The primary endpoint was response to treatment at Week 24
    End point values
    Pegcetacoplan Placebo ITT Set
    Number of subjects analysed
    16
    8
    24
    Units: p-value
    16
    8
    24
    Statistical analysis title
    Response to Week 24
    Comparison groups
    Pegcetacoplan v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    24
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    other
    P-value
    > 0.05
    Method
    t-test, 2-sided
    Parameter type
    Odds ratio (OR)
    Confidence interval
         level
    90%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    5
         upper limit
    90
    Variability estimate
    Standard deviation

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Throughout the study
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    27.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Part A
    Reporting group description
    Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were defined as those AEs that start on or after the first dose of IMP and up to 8 weeks after the last dose of study medication

    Reporting group title
    Part B
    Reporting group description
    Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were defined as those AEs that start on or after the first dose of IMP and up to 8 weeks after the last dose of study medication.

    Serious adverse events
    Part A Part B
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 24 (29.17%)
    7 / 21 (33.33%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    1
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Breakthrough haemolysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cold type haemolytic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    2 / 21 (9.52%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemolysis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haemolytic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Ostenecosis of jaw
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 24 (0.00%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Covid-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Enterococcal sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 24 (4.17%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Part A Part B
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    24 / 24 (100.00%)
    8 / 21 (38.10%)
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Cold type haemolytic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    3
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Fatigue
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 24 (12.50%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 24 (25.00%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    0 / 21 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Pruritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 24 (8.33%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Covid-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 24 (16.67%)
    3 / 21 (14.29%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    3
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 24 (12.50%)
    1 / 21 (4.76%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    08 Oct 2021
    This amendment included the following changes to the clinical study protocol version 1.0, dated 02 August 2021. • Addition of patient stopping criteria. • Addition of study stopping criteria. • Change of stratification definition regarding prior transfusions. • Removal of the requirement to have a prior rituximab-based therapy. • Change of inclusion criterion regarding liver dysfunction. • Addition of a subgroup analysis on rituximab-experienced/naïve patients for primary and key secondary endpoints. • Change of the instructions for documentation of temperature control of the study drug at the patient’s residence.
    10 Dec 2021
    This protocol amendment serves to remove the exploratory measurements of activity/movement by the use of Actigraphy at Baseline, Week 24 and Week 48. In addition, C3 deposition on red blood cells (RBCs) by flow cytometry, which was already included in the study protocol as an assessment, was also described among exploratory endpoints.
    28 Apr 2022
    This amendment to the protocol adds the following inclusion and exclusion criteria: Added inclusion criterion • An absolute neutrophil count ≥1500 cells/mm3 at Screening. Added exclusion criteria • Protected adults (guardianship, trusteeship) who are unable to express their consent and persons under court protection. • Hypersensitivity to pegcetacoplan or to any of the excipients or placebo compounds. • Unresolved infection caused by encapsulated bacteria including Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. • Known or suspected hereditary fructose intolerance. The study endpoints were modified as follows: • The key secondary endpoints were displayed in a different order. • For Hb, LDH, indirect bilirubin, ARC and haptoglobin levels, only time to first normalization from Baseline to Week 24 will be measured, and time from Baseline to Weeks, 48 and 96 was removed. • Addition of separate analysis of the subset of questions in the FACIT-Fatigue scale. In addition, the exploratory objective to evaluate change in patient activity level and energy expenditure has been removed.
    13 Mar 2023
    Inclusion criteria was adjusted to clarify: o It was noted that the diagnosis of primary cold agglutinin disease (CAD) should be on the basis of the presence of all the criteria at Screening. o The restriction that patients who were not previously vaccinated should not receive multiple vaccines on the same day was removed and replaced with a reminder that vaccinations should be administered following the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations for adults or children with complement deficiencies and/or immunocompromising conditions, as was already noted elsewhere in the protocol. • Exclusion criteria was adjusted to clarify: o The exclusion period for sutimlimab was changed from within 4 weeks prior to randomization to within 15 weeks prior to randomization. Patients previously treated with >1 dose of sutimlimab but who have not had experienced a documented increase in hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 1.0 g/dL during sutimlimab treatment was added as exclusionary. o Belimumab and anti-CD20 antibody other than rituximab were added as exclusionary treatments, and the exclusionary period from other treatments, as monotherapy or in combination, had been set to 16 weeks prior to randomization. o For diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus or other autoimmune diseases with antinuclear antibodies, it was noted that antinuclear antibodies of long-standing duration without associated clinical symptoms will be adjudicated on a case-by-case basis. o For cold agglutinin syndrome secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Epstein-Barr virus or other specific causative infection, it was added that patients with long history of CAD, positive IgM titer and IgG titer without associated clinical symptoms will be adjudicated on a case-by-case basis.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
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