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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Nemolizumab in Subjects with Chronic Kidney Disease with Associated Severe Pruritus

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2021-004766-35
    Trial protocol
    ES   HU   PL  
    Global end of trial date
    04 Jan 2024

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    29 Jan 2025
    First version publication date
    29 Jan 2025
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    RD.06.SPR.204358 (NIKAIA 1)
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT05075408
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Other trial identifiers
    IND number: 117122
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Galderma S.A.
    Sponsor organisation address
    Zählerweg 10, Zug, Switzerland, 6300
    Public contact
    Clinical Trial Information Desk, Galderma S.A., CTA.Coordinator@galderma.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trial Information Desk, Galderma S.A., CTA.Coordinator@galderma.com
    Sponsor organisation name
    Galderma Research & Development, LLC
    Sponsor organisation address
    2001 Ross Avenue, Suite 1600, Dallas, United States, TX 75201
    Public contact
    Clinical Trial Information Desk, Galderma S.A., CTA.Coordinator@galderma.com
    Scientific contact
    Clinical Trial Information Desk, Galderma S.A., CTA.Coordinator@galderma.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    04 Mar 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    04 Jan 2024
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The primary objective was to evaluate the efficacy of nemolizumab compared with placebo in reducing the intensity of pruritus after a 12-week treatment period in adult hemodialysis subjects with moderate-to-severe pruritus.
    Protection of trial subjects
    The study was conducted in accordance with the accepted version of the Declaration of Helsinki, in compliance with International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines, and according to the appropriate regulatory requirements in the countries where the study was conducted. The protocol, the informed consent form (ICF), other written material given to the subjects, and any other relevant study documentation after the document and their amendments were reviewed and approved by a duly constituted IEC or IRB before implementation. For each subject, written informed consent was obtained before any protocol-related activities.
    Background therapy
    The following 2 categories were to be considered for prior and concomitant therapies: 1) Drugs/therapies included, but were not limited to, prescription, over-the-counter, birth control pills/patches/hormonal devices, vitamins, moisturizers, sunscreens, herbal medicines/supplements, and homeopathic preparations and 2) Medical and surgical procedures (e.g., phototherapy, exodontia) whose sole purpose was diagnosis (non-therapeutic) were not included. Unless specified as prohibited therapies in the protocol, all therapies were to be authorized, including basic skin care (cleansing and bathing), moisturizers, bleach baths, stable antihistamines, and stable topical corticosteroids. Stable gabapentin and pregabalin were allowed as well. As judged appropriate by the Investigator and following discussion with the medical monitor, rescue therapies included the following treatments: 1) Antihistamines (new or increased dose): for those given “as needed” at baseline, rescue of antihistamine was defined as that with an increase by ≥75% in the total weekly dose relative to the dose during the last week of screening administered for ≥1 week; 2) Gabapentin (new or increased dose) administered for ≥1 week; 3) Selected opioids: nalbuphine or kappa opioid agonists (e.g., difelikefalin, nalfurafine): 1 or more doses; and 4) Ultraviolet radiation therapy: 1 or more treatments.
    Evidence for comparator
    Placebo
    Actual start date of recruitment
    15 Dec 2021
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 20
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 225
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    258
    EEA total number of subjects
    33
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    175
    From 65 to 84 years
    79
    85 years and over
    4

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    A total of 487 subjects were screened at 57 study sites and 258 subjects were randomized at 53 study sites: 3 in Hungary, 2 in Poland, 8 in Spain and 40 in the USA.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    All participants were age ≥18 years at the screening visit with ESKD and on hemodialysis 3 times per week for at least 3 months prior to the start of screening.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Treatment period (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Nemolizumab 30 mg
    Arm description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab as a loading dose at baseline, and 30 mg nemolizumab and placebo at Week 4 and 8.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Nemolizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    CD14152
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Nemolizumab was administrated subcutaneous as 2 injections (30 mg + 30 mg) at baseline (loading dose) and 1 injection at Weeks 4 and 8.

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    30 mg of nemolizumab placebo were administrated as a subcutaneous injection at Weeks 4 and 8.

    Arm title
    Nemolizumab 60 mg
    Arm description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Nemolizumab
    Investigational medicinal product code
    CD14152
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    Nemolizumab was administrated subcutaneous as 2 injections (30 mg + 30 mg) at baseline and at Weeks 4 and 8.

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg placebo at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Powder for solution for injection
    Routes of administration
    Subcutaneous use
    Dosage and administration details
    60 mg of nemolizumab placebo were administrated as 2 subcutaneous injections at baseline and Weeks 4 and 8.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Nemolizumab 30 mg Nemolizumab 60 mg Placebo
    Started
    88
    85
    85
    Completed
    72
    71
    72
    Not completed
    16
    14
    13
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    4
    4
    5
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    5
    3
    4
         Physician decision
    1
    -
    -
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    1
    3
    3
         Not specified
    3
    2
    -
         Lost to follow-up
    2
    1
    1
         Protocol deviation
    -
    1
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Nemolizumab 30 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab as a loading dose at baseline, and 30 mg nemolizumab and placebo at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group title
    Nemolizumab 60 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg placebo at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group values
    Nemolizumab 30 mg Nemolizumab 60 mg Placebo Total
    Number of subjects
    88 85 85 258
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Adults (18-64 years)
    61 53 61 175
        From 65-84 years
    26 30 23 79
        85 years and over
    1 2 1 4
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    58.3 ( 12.99 ) 59.0 ( 13.00 ) 58.4 ( 11.98 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    41 39 29 109
        Male
    47 46 56 149

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Nemolizumab 30 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab as a loading dose at baseline, and 30 mg nemolizumab and placebo at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group title
    Nemolizumab 60 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg placebo at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.

    Primary: Proportion of subjects with an improvement in WI NRS ≥4

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    End point title
    Proportion of subjects with an improvement in WI NRS ≥4
    End point description
    Proportion of subjects with an improvement in Worst Itch Numeric Rating Scale (WI NRS) ≥4 from baseline at Week 12 without use of rescue therapies and without treatment discontinuation due to lack of efficacy or AE/death related to study drug
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From Baseline by Week 12
    End point values
    Nemolizumab 30 mg Nemolizumab 60 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    88
    85
    85
    Units: percent
    number (not applicable)
        Improvement of ≥4 from baseline in WI NRS
    38.5
    47.7
    32.4
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 1
    Statistical analysis description
    Strata-adjusted differences in proportions (nemolizumab - placebo) were obtained from CMH after adjusting for analysis center. 97.5% CI were based on the large sample approximation method for binary data using Mantel-Haenszel strata weights and the Sato variance estimator. Rubin's Method was used to pool results of 50 multiply imputed datasets.
    Comparison groups
    Nemolizumab 30 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    173
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.3696 [1]
    Method
    Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Strata-adjusted proportion difference
    Point estimate
    7
    Confidence interval
         level
    97.5%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -10.6
         upper limit
    24.6
    Notes
    [1] - p-value for the combined CMH test was obtained as the upper-tailed p-value from the t-test produced by PROC MIANALYZE on the pooled standardized Wilson-Hilferty transformed CMH statistic.
    Statistical analysis title
    Statistical analysis 2
    Statistical analysis description
    Strata-adjusted differences in proportions (nemolizumab - placebo) were obtained from CMH after adjusting for analysis center. 97.5% CI were based on the large sample approximation method for binary data using Mantel-Haenszel strata weights and the Sato variance estimator. Rubin's Method was used to pool results of 50 multiply imputed datasets.
    Comparison groups
    Nemolizumab 60 mg v Placebo
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    170
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.0686 [2]
    Method
    Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel
    Parameter type
    Strata-adjusted proportion difference
    Point estimate
    14.5
    Confidence interval
         level
    97.5%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -3.1
         upper limit
    32.2
    Notes
    [2] - p-value for the combined CMH test was obtained as the upper-tailed p-value from the t-test produced by PROC MIANALYZE on the pooled standardized Wilson-Hilferty transformed CMH statistic.

    Secondary: Proportion of subjects with an improvement

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    End point title
    Proportion of subjects with an improvement
    End point description
    Improvement in Worst Itch Numeric Rating Scale (WI NRS) and Sleep Disturbance Numerical Rating Scale (SD NRS)
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    From Baseline to Week 4 or Week 12
    End point values
    Nemolizumab 30 mg Nemolizumab 60 mg Placebo
    Number of subjects analysed
    88
    85
    85
    Units: percent
    number (not applicable)
        Improvement in WI NRS ≥3 from baseline at Week 12
    49.3
    60.6
    47.1
        Improvement in WI NRS ≥4 from baseline at Week 4
    24.3
    26.6
    7.4
        Improvement in SD NRS ≥4 from baseline at Week 12
    27.7
    42.6
    25.3
        Improvement in WI NRS ≥3 from baseline at Week 4
    36.5
    35.0
    12.8
        Improvement in SD NRS ≥4 from baseline at Week 4
    16.1
    23.6
    2.8
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From the Baseline till the last follow up study visit (Week 20)
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    25.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Nemolizumab 30 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab as a loading dose at baseline, and 30 mg nemolizumab and placebo at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group title
    Nemolizumab 60 mg
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg nemolizumab at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.

    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Participants randomized to receive 60 mg placebo at baseline and at Week 4 and 8.

    Serious adverse events
    Nemolizumab 30 mg Nemolizumab 60 mg Placebo
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    33 / 86 (38.37%)
    22 / 84 (26.19%)
    27 / 85 (31.76%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    4
    4
    5
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    4
    4
    5
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Benign renal neoplasm
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Triple negative breast cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Aortic stenosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypertensive crisis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypertensive urgency
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Renal transplant
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular access placement
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Asthenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Non-cardiac chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Malaise
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cerebrovascular accident
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Immune system disorders
    Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positive vasculitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Kidney transplant rejection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Liver transplant rejection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Pleural effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Asthma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary alveolar haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Investigations
    Hepatic enzyme increased
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Arteriovenous graft thrombosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arteriovenous fistula site haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ankle fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arteriovenous fistula maturation failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arteriovenous fistula site complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arteriovenous graft site haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hip fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Limb injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Traumatic intracranial haematoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular graft occlusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 86 (4.65%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Acute left ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Angina pectoris
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Aortic valve incompetence
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Atrioventricular block
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac failure chronic
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery aneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Coronary artery dissection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Left ventricular failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pericardial effusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pericarditis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Supraventricular tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ventricular tachycardia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cardiac arrest
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    3 / 85 (3.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 2
    0 / 3
    Cardiac failure congestive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Metabolic encephalopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Syncope
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Post cardiac arrest syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Normochromic normocytic anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Gastrointestinal haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abdominal pain upper
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Haematemesis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Umbilical hernia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Hepatic cirrhosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Nephrolithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Hyperparathyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hypothyroidism
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Myopathy
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    5 / 85 (5.88%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 1
    1 / 5
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cellulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Abscess limb
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Arteriovenous graft site infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bacterial myositis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Candida pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Catheter site infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cellulitis orbital
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Chest wall abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Device related infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diabetic foot infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endocarditis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gangrene
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastroenteritis clostridial
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ophthalmic herpes zoster
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteomyelitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Osteomyelitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Sinusitis bacterial
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Staphylococcal sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urosepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular device infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia influenzal
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Device related sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Enterococcal bacteraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hypervolaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 86 (4.65%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    3 / 85 (3.53%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 4
    0 / 1
    0 / 3
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 3
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 2%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Nemolizumab 30 mg Nemolizumab 60 mg Placebo
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    29 / 86 (33.72%)
    25 / 84 (29.76%)
    19 / 85 (22.35%)
    Vascular disorders
    Hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    1
    Dialysis hypotension
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    3 / 84 (3.57%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    1
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    1
    2
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Dyspnoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    2
    Cough
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    3 / 84 (3.57%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    3
    2
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    3 / 85 (3.53%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    3
    Arteriovenous fistula site complication
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    0
    Vascular pseudoaneurysm
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    0
    Cardiac disorders
    Atrial fibrillation
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    1
    0
    Nervous system disorders
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    0
    1
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Anaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    2
    Eosinophilia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    0
    Polycythaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Vomiting
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    3 / 84 (3.57%)
    3 / 85 (3.53%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    3
    3
    Diarrhoea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    4 / 85 (4.71%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    1
    4
    Toothache
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholelithiasis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    1
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Eczema
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    2
    0
    Muscle spasms
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    0
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    1
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    1 / 84 (1.19%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    1
    0
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    1
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    2 / 85 (2.35%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    2
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    1
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    1
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hyperkalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 86 (3.49%)
    4 / 84 (4.76%)
    3 / 85 (3.53%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    4
    3
    Hypervolaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 86 (1.16%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    2
    0
    Hyperglycaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    1 / 85 (1.18%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    1
    Hypocalcaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 86 (0.00%)
    2 / 84 (2.38%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    2
    0
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 86 (2.33%)
    0 / 84 (0.00%)
    0 / 85 (0.00%)
         occurrences all number
    2
    0
    0

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    04 Feb 2022
    Protocol, version 2.0 • Reduced the threshold for conditional power of interim study stopping rule • Clarified the unblinded PK/PD group for the interim analysis • Clarified PEF and ACT testing • Added language for abnormal liver laboratory findings to incorporate Hy’s law in applicable protocol sections • Updated the device on which subjects would complete the WI NRS and SD NRS (i.e., changed from paper form to an ePRO device) • Updated the schedule of assessments with respect to eDiary, full physical examinations, 12-lead ECG, blood sample collection for hematology and biochemistry, urinalysis, ACT, and PEF • Deleted mention that electrocardiogram machines would be provided • Clarified that descriptive statistics would be calculated for all individual popPK derived parameters • Designated the CRO and that an unblinded group would be used for the interim analysis • Updated the website for the Centers for Disease Control
    11 Mar 2022
    Protocol, version 3.0 • Removed exclusion criterion 8d (pertained to PEF) • Described PEF as supplemental information as opposed to an exclusion criterion • Updated the schedule of assessments footnotes to capture PEF testing and deleted a repetitious footnote • Clarified the AESI of new asthma—that reduction in PEF value needed to be sent to adjudication only if there were suggestive asthma signs and/or symptoms and absence of another disease as a cause
    08 Jun 2022
    Protocol, version 4.0 • Allowed enrollment of subjects who had CKD with moderate pruritus • Changed inclusion criterion 3 to reflect that 60 days is a suitable duration to cover 2 single-pool Kt/V measurements as opposed to 45 days • Decreased the WI NRS score from ≥7.0 to ≥5.0 in inclusion criterion 5 and provided the rationale for this change • Changed wording describing WI NRS from “reduction” to “improvement” • Adjusted ranges in subgroup analyses to accommodate moderate pruritus • Allowed rescheduling up to 72 hours from the screening window in exceptional circumstances • Allowed for subjects who failed prior to Protocol Version 4.0 to rescreen if their WI NRS was ≥5.0
    07 Feb 2023
    Protocol, version 5.0 • Updated the Sponsor’s address • Removed the interim analysis • Allowed seasonal, emergency, and COVID vaccines • Further described the details of the estimand for the primary efficacy endpoints and further clarified how the intake of rescue therapy would be included in the definition of the binary composite response • Provided more detail for the WI NRS/SD NRS calculation • Corrected the multiplicity adjustment for primary and key secondary efficacy endpoints • Clarified the handling of missing data, added sensitivity analyses for the primary endpoint, and defined the mITT, PP and observed case analyses as supplementary (rather than sensitivity) as per ICH E9 (R1) addendum on estimands and sensitivity analysis • Specified that dose selection would be based on the final analysis, as the interim analysis was removed • Specified that the impact of body weight on efficacy would be evaluated at the end of the study • Added IGA of CKD-aP skin status to unscheduled visit(s) in the schedule of assessments • Provided an EMEA email address for reporting an AESI, SAE, or pregnancy
    21 Sep 2023
    Protocol, version 6.0 • Added the biostatistician as an approver • Updated primary efficacy estimand and attributes to address treatment discontinuation due to lack of efficacy or adverse event/death related to study drug • Corrected the follow-up visit window • Clarified that missing data for dichotomous efficacy endpoints would be imputed using multiple imputations under missing at random assumption for the primary/main analyses; ‘non-responder’ imputation would be used as a sensitivity analysis

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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