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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Prospective observational long-term safety registry of Multiple Sclerosis patients who have participated in cladribine clinical studies (PREMIERE)

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2009-017978-21
    Trial protocol
    DE   FI   LT   AT   GR   CZ   GB   EE   LV   BE   SE   PT   DK   ES   IT   PL   BG  
    Global end of trial date
    25 Oct 2018

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    09 Nov 2019
    First version publication date
    09 Nov 2019
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    EMR700568-012
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT01013350
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
    Sponsor organisation address
    Frankfurter Strasse 250,, Darmstadt, Germany, 64293
    Public contact
    Communication Centre, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, +49 6151725200, service@merckgroup.com
    Scientific contact
    Communication Centre, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, +49 6151725200, service@merckgroup.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    25 Oct 2018
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    25 Oct 2018
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    The main purpose of the PREMIERE registry was to collect long-term safety data on oral cladribine in subjects with Multiple sclerosis and to estimate the frequency of serious adverse drug reactions (SADRs) over a period of time, extending beyond oral cladribine exposure, in a population of subjects who have been exposed to oral cladribine.
    Protection of trial subjects
    Subject protection was ensured by following high medical and ethical standards in accordance with the principles laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and that are consistent with Good Clinical Practice and applicable regulations.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    04 Nov 2009
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    No
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 6
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Austria: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Belgium: 23
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bosnia and Herzegovina: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Bulgaria: 103
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Czech Republic: 45
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Denmark: 14
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Estonia: 28
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Finland: 15
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 38
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Georgia: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Greece: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    India: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 93
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Korea, Republic of: 8
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Latvia: 16
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Lebanon: 39
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Lithuania: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Netherlands: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Norway: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 50
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Portugal: 12
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Romania: 19
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Russian Federation: 331
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Saudi Arabia: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Serbia: 32
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Singapore: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 25
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Sweden: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Switzerland: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Taiwan: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Thailand: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Tunisia: 32
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Turkey: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Ukraine: 48
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 29
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 76
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    1148
    EEA total number of subjects
    530
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    0
    Adults (18-64 years)
    1138
    From 65 to 84 years
    10
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    Study enrolled subjects from previous clinical trials (NCT00213135, NCT00436826, NCT00641537, NCT00938366 and NCT00725985) and were exposed either to placebo matched to cladribine or cladribine itself. 13 enrolled subjects from NCT00938366 were excluded from safety analysis as the dose was relatively lower compared with other studies.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall Study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Never Exposed to Cladribine
    Arm description
    All subjects who received placebo matched to cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Subjects received placebo matched to cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials.

    Arm title
    Exposed to Cladribine
    Arm description
    All subjects who received cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Cladribine
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Tablet
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Subjects received cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials.

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Never Exposed to Cladribine Exposed to Cladribine
    Started
    198
    950
    Safety Analysis Set
    198
    950
    Completed
    160
    761
    Not completed
    38
    189
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    15
    36
         Physician decision
    4
    20
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    -
    1
         Death
    3
    5
         Participant entered interventional study
    -
    8
         Unspecified
    1
    25
         Lost to follow-up
    15
    94

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Never Exposed to Cladribine
    Reporting group description
    All subjects who received placebo matched to cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).

    Reporting group title
    Exposed to Cladribine
    Reporting group description
    All subjects who received cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).

    Reporting group values
    Never Exposed to Cladribine Exposed to Cladribine Total
    Number of subjects
    198 950 1148
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age Continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    37.4 ± 10.2 40.6 ± 10.8 -
    Sex: Female, Male
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    141 632 773
        Male
    57 318 375
    Race (NIH/OMB)
    Units: Subjects
        American Indian or Alaska Native
    1 0 1
        Asian
    5 13 18
        Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
    0 0 0
        Black or African American
    0 7 7
        White
    190 925 1115
        More than one race
    0 0 0
        Unknown or Not Reported
    2 5 7

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Never Exposed to Cladribine
    Reporting group description
    All subjects who received placebo matched to cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).

    Reporting group title
    Exposed to Cladribine
    Reporting group description
    All subjects who received cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).

    Primary: Number of Subjects With Serious Adverse Drug Reactions (SADRs)

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    End point title
    Number of Subjects With Serious Adverse Drug Reactions (SADRs) [1]
    End point description
    SADR is an adverse drug reaction that fulfils at least one of the seriousness criterion; results in death, is life-threatening, requires in-patient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, is otherwise considered as medically important. An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is a response to a medicinal product which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease or for the restoration, correction, or modification or physiological functions. Number of subjects with SADRs were reported. Safety analysis set included all subjects in the current study who either received placebo matched to cladribine or cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    up to 3251 days
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Only descriptive data was planned to be analysed for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Never Exposed to Cladribine Exposed to Cladribine
    Number of subjects analysed
    198
    950
    Units: subjects
    1
    14
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Time to Resolution of Lymphopenia, Among Registry Subjects With Persistent Lymphopenia

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    End point title
    Time to Resolution of Lymphopenia, Among Registry Subjects With Persistent Lymphopenia [2] [3]
    End point description
    Persistent lymphopenia was defined as Grade 3 (less than [<] 500-200 per millimeter [mm] ^3 or < 0.5–0.2 multiply [*]10^9 per Liter) or Grade 4 (< 200/mm^3 or < 0.2*10^9 per Liter) lymphopenia as defined by the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.03. The resolution is the achievement of a CTCAE Grade 1 (< lower limit of normal [LLN] to 800 per mm^3 or < LLN to 0.8*10^9 per Liter) or Grade 0 (< 910 per mm^3 ) lymphocyte count. Time to resolution was reported. Lymphocyte Population included subjects from safety analysis set who had persistent lymphopenia. Persistent Lymphopenia was reported only in Cladribine group, hence results are presented only for "Exposed to Cladribine" arm. Here, "number of subjects analyzed" signified subjects with resolved lymphopenia.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    up to 3251 days
    Notes
    [2] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Only descriptive data was planned to be analysed for this endpoint.
    [3] - The end point is not reporting statistics for all the arms in the baseline period. It is expected all the baseline period arms will be reported on when providing values for an end point on the baseline period.
    Justification: Lymphopenia was reported only in Cladribine group, hence results are reported only for "Exposed to Cladribine" arm.
    End point values
    Exposed to Cladribine
    Number of subjects analysed
    41
    Units: months
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    30.22 ± 17.78
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Primary: Number of Subjects With Adverse Events (AEs) in the “Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders” System Organ Class (SOC) and in the “Neoplasms Benign, Malignant, and Unspecified” SOC

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    End point title
    Number of Subjects With Adverse Events (AEs) in the “Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders” System Organ Class (SOC) and in the “Neoplasms Benign, Malignant, and Unspecified” SOC [4]
    End point description
    An Adverse event (AE) was defined as any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of study drug, whether or not considered related to the study drug or worsening of pre-existing medical condition, whether or not related to study drug. Safety analysis set included all subjects in the current study who either received placebo matched to cladribine or cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    up to 3251 days
    Notes
    [4] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: Only descriptive data was planned to be analysed for this endpoint.
    End point values
    Never Exposed to Cladribine Exposed to Cladribine
    Number of subjects analysed
    198
    950
    Units: subjects
        Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders SOC
    18
    92
        Neoplasms Benign, Malignant, and Unspecified SOC
    4
    25
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Subjects with Pregnancy Outcomes

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    End point title
    Number of Subjects with Pregnancy Outcomes
    End point description
    Pregnancies occurred among female subjects exposed to cladribine were identified by a subject-reported positive pregnancy test and at least a 2-week delay in menses, or a subject-reported pregnancy diagnosed by a physician. Pregnancy outcomes were Live birth, Induced abortion (Termination), Spontaneous loss (Miscarriage) (< 22 weeks), Foetal death (stillbirth) (>=22 weeks), Ectopic pregnancy, Congenital malformations and others (unknown). Number of subjects as per pregnancy outcome category were reported. Safety analysis set included all subjects in the current study who either received placebo matched to cladribine or cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985). Here, number of subjects analysed signifies number of subjects with pregnancies.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    up to 3251 days
    End point values
    Never Exposed to Cladribine Exposed to Cladribine
    Number of subjects analysed
    34
    57
    Units: subjects
        Live Birth
    23
    39
        Induced Abortion (Termination)
    3
    3
        Spontaneous Loss (Miscarriage)
    2
    3
        Foetal Death (Still birth)
    0
    1
        Ectopic Pregnancy
    0
    1
        Congenital Malformations
    0
    0
        Unknown
    6
    10
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    up to 3251 days
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    21.0
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Exposed to Cladribine
    Reporting group description
    All subjects who received cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).

    Reporting group title
    Never Exposed to Cladribine
    Reporting group description
    All subjects who received placebo matched to cladribine in previously conducted clinical trials (NCT Number: NCT00213135, NCT00436826 , NCT00641537 and NCT00725985).

    Serious adverse events
    Exposed to Cladribine Never Exposed to Cladribine
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    63 / 950 (6.63%)
    10 / 198 (5.05%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    5
    3
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
    Basal cell carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Breast cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Breast cancer stage II
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cervix carcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    Cervix carcinoma stage 0
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Colon cancer stage 0
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metastases to lung
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 950 (0.21%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nonkeratinising carcinoma of nasopharynx
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Papillary thyroid cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Polycythaemia vera
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectal adenoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectal cancer
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Thyroid adenoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Uterine leiomyoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Rectal adenocarcinoma
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    Ovarian germ cell teratoma benign
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Thrombophlebitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Surgical and medical procedures
    Abortion induced
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Stem cell transplant
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pregnancy, puerperium and perinatal conditions
    Abortion
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abortion missed
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abortion spontaneous
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 950 (0.21%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Abortion threatened
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Foetal death
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 950 (0.21%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Foetal distress syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Premature separation of placenta
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Accidental death
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Non-cardiac chest pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pyrexia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Neonatal anoxia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumothorax
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Psychiatric disorders
    Depression
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Jealous delusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Suicide attempt
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Brain herniation
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Femur fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hip fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Lumbar vertebral fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Subdural haemorrhage
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Congenital, familial and genetic disorders
    Dandy-Walker syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Cardiac disorders
    Cardiac failure
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Coronary artery insufficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Nervous system disorders
    Ataxia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Brain oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
    Cerebellar syndrome
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cerebral infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Dizziness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hemiparaesthesia
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Loss of consciousness
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Monoparesis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Multiple sclerosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
    Multiple sclerosis relapse
         subjects affected / exposed
    8 / 950 (0.84%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 8
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Optic neuritis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Leukocytosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Thrombocytopenic purpura
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Ear and labyrinth disorders
    Vertigo
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Vertigo positional
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Eye disorders
    Vision blurred
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Dysphagia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Gastrointestinal melanosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pancreatitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hepatobiliary disorders
    Cholecystitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Cholecystitis acute
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Renal and urinary disorders
    Acute kidney injury
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary incontinence
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary retention
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Endocrine disorders
    Goitre
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Thyroid mass
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 950 (0.21%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intervertebral disc degeneration
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Intervertebral disc protrusion
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Spondylolisthesis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    Anal abscess
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Appendicitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Bronchitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Clostridium difficile colitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Diverticulitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Meningoencephalitis herpetic
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 950 (0.21%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia bacterial
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia viral
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Pulmonary tuberculosis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Tooth infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Urinary tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 950 (0.00%)
    1 / 198 (0.51%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    1 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Hypokalaemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Hyponatraemia
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 950 (0.11%)
    0 / 198 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Exposed to Cladribine Never Exposed to Cladribine
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    124 / 950 (13.05%)
    26 / 198 (13.13%)
    Nervous system disorders
    Multiple sclerosis relapse
         subjects affected / exposed
    48 / 950 (5.05%)
    11 / 198 (5.56%)
         occurrences all number
    48
    11
    Blood and lymphatic system disorders
    Lymphopenia
         subjects affected / exposed
    76 / 950 (8.00%)
    15 / 198 (7.58%)
         occurrences all number
    76
    15

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    20 Jul 2012
    Prospective collection of AEs in the ‘Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders’ and ‘Neoplasms Benign, Malignant, and Unspecified’ System Organ Classes (SOCs) and MS-related SAEs were started.

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
    As of 31 January 2023, all EU/EEA initial clinical trial applications must be submitted through CTIS . Updated EudraCT trials information and information on PIP/Art 46 trials conducted exclusively in third countries continues to be submitted through EudraCT and published on this website.

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