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    Clinical Trial Results:
    Rollover Study; Multicentre, Phase III, Open-label Study to Further Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Palovarotene Capsules in Male and Female Participants Aged >=14 Years with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP) Who Have Completed Study PVO-1A-301 or PVO-1A-202/PVO-1A-204 and May Benefit from Palovarotene Therapy

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2021-002244-70
    Trial protocol
    SE   FR   IT   ES  
    Global end of trial date
    30 Nov 2024

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    14 Jun 2025
    First version publication date
    14 Jun 2025
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    CLIN-60120-452
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT05027802
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    Ipsen Pharma SAS
    Sponsor organisation address
    70 rue Balard, Paris, France, 75015
    Public contact
    Medical Director, IPSEN Pharma SAS, clinical.trials@ipsen.com
    Scientific contact
    Medical Director, IPSEN Pharma SAS, clinical.trials@ipsen.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    30 Nov 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    No
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    30 Nov 2024
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To further evaluate the safety and efficacy of palovarotene in adult and pediatric participants with Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP).
    Protection of trial subjects
    The clinical study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles that have their origin in the Declaration of Helsinki, inclusive of any subsequent amendment(s), and that are consistent with the International Council for Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice (E6), European Union Directive 2001/20/EC, United States Food and Drug Administration Code of Federal Regulations, and other applicable local regulatory requirements, which ever affords the greater participant protection.
    Background therapy
    -
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    14 Mar 2022
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Argentina: 1
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Brazil: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Canada: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 15
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 2
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Sweden: 3
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United Kingdom: 4
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 26
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    61
    EEA total number of subjects
    20
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    0
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    19
    Adults (18-64 years)
    41
    From 65 to 84 years
    1
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    This single arm, rollover, multicenter, Phase III, open-label study was conducted in participants >=14 years with FOP who had completed parent study PVO-1A-301 (NCT03312634) or PVO-1A-202 (NCT02279095)/PVO-1A-204 (NCT02979769) and continued to benefit from palovarotene therapy. 59 participants received treatment in this study.

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    This study consisted of an inclusion visit (Day 1), a continuous dosing treatment period (including a follow-up visit every 6 months), and an end of study [EOS]/early withdrawal [EW] visit. Participants were eligible whether they received chronic or flare-up treatment in the parent study at the time of transition.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Not applicable
    Blinding used
    Not blinded

    Arms
    Arm title
    Palovarotene
    Arm description
    Participants continued to receive palovarotene 5 milligram (mg) orally once daily until it was reimbursed in the country where the study was being conducted or another access program became available or until the study end date, whichever occurred first, up to approximately 32 months. In case of flare-up symptoms or substantial high risk traumatic events (likely to lead to a flare-up), participants received palovarotene 20 mg orally once daily for 4 weeks followed by 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks for a total of 12 weeks even if symptoms resolved earlier.
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Palovarotene
    Investigational medicinal product code
    IPN60120
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule, hard
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Palovarotene 5 mg was administered orally once daily as specified in the protocol. In case of flare-ups, palovarotene 20 mg was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks followed by 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks for a total of 12 weeks even if symptoms resolved earlier. It was to be taken with food preferably at the same time each day.

    Number of subjects in period 1 [1]
    Palovarotene
    Started
    59
    Completed
    36
    Not completed
    23
         Adverse event, serious fatal
    2
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    18
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    2
         Unspecified
    1
    Notes
    [1] - The number of subjects reported to be in the baseline period are not the same as the worldwide number enrolled in the trial. It is expected that these numbers will be the same.
    Justification: Results are presented by Full analysis set/Safety set.

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Palovarotene
    Reporting group description
    Participants continued to receive palovarotene 5 milligram (mg) orally once daily until it was reimbursed in the country where the study was being conducted or another access program became available or until the study end date, whichever occurred first, up to approximately 32 months. In case of flare-up symptoms or substantial high risk traumatic events (likely to lead to a flare-up), participants received palovarotene 20 mg orally once daily for 4 weeks followed by 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks for a total of 12 weeks even if symptoms resolved earlier.

    Reporting group values
    Palovarotene Total
    Number of subjects
    59 59
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    22.4 ( 8.9 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    28 28
        Male
    31 31
    Race
    Units: Subjects
        White
    38 38
        Black or African American
    0 0
        Asian
    3 3
        Other
    1 1
        Multiple
    2 2
        Not Reported
    15 15
    Ethnicity
    Units: Subjects
        Hispanic or Latino
    10 10
        Not Hispanic or Latino
    33 33
        Unknown or Not Reported
    16 16

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Palovarotene
    Reporting group description
    Participants continued to receive palovarotene 5 milligram (mg) orally once daily until it was reimbursed in the country where the study was being conducted or another access program became available or until the study end date, whichever occurred first, up to approximately 32 months. In case of flare-up symptoms or substantial high risk traumatic events (likely to lead to a flare-up), participants received palovarotene 20 mg orally once daily for 4 weeks followed by 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks for a total of 12 weeks even if symptoms resolved earlier.

    Primary: Number of Participants With All Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Serious and Non-serious Treatment-emergent Adverse Events and Serious and Non-serious Treatment-related Treatment-emergent Adverse Events

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    End point title
    Number of Participants With All Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs), Serious and Non-serious Treatment-emergent Adverse Events and Serious and Non-serious Treatment-related Treatment-emergent Adverse Events [1]
    End point description
    An adverse event (AE) was any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study treatment, whether or not considered related to the study treatment. An SAE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that, at any dose, resulted in death, was life-threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect or significant medical event. A TEAE was defined as any AE that occurred after signing the informed consent form of this study or an ongoing AE from the parent study with a worsening in severity or relationship to the study treatment following transition to this study. The full analysis set (FAS)/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    From signing the informed consent form (Day 1) up to 30 days post last dose, approximately 32 months
    Notes
    [1] - No statistical analyses have been specified for this primary end point. It is expected there is at least one statistical analysis for each primary end point.
    Justification: As the endpoint was descriptive in nature, statistical analysis is not presented.
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    59
    Units: participants
        All TEAEs
    54
        Serious TEAEs
    9
        Non-serious TEAEs
    53
        Serious treatment-related TEAEs
    1
        Non-serious treatment-related TEAEs
    38
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Cumulative Analogue Joint Involvement Scale (CAJIS) Total Score at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Cumulative Analogue Joint Involvement Scale (CAJIS) Total Score at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    The CAJIS is an objective measure of joint movement completed by the investigator to document total joint involvement. This scale assesses functional disability by categorizing range of motion across 12 joints (both right and left shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle joints) and 3 body regions (cervical spine, thoracic/lumbar spine and jaw), with each joint/region assessed as: 0=normal (<10% deficit); 1=partially impaired (10% to 90% deficit) and 2=functionally ankylosed (>90% deficit). The CAJIS total score is calculated as the sum of the scores of all joints/regions and ranges from 0 (no involvement) to 30 (maximally involved). Higher score indicated worse outcome. The Inclusion Visit was the first study visit (Day 1) and first administration of palovarotene in this study. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected at specified timepoints.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24, 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    53
    Units: score on a scale
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=52)
    0.6 ( 1.3 )
        Month 12 (n=53)
    1.1 ( 2.0 )
        Month 18 (n=45)
    1.5 ( 2.3 )
        Month 24 (n=25)
    1.5 ( 2.6 )
        Month 30 (n=8)
    2.0 ( 4.7 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in the use of Assistive Devices and Adaptations (Aids) for Daily Living at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in the use of Assistive Devices and Adaptations (Aids) for Daily Living at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    The use of assistive devices and adaptations (aids) for daily living was collected using the FOP assistive devices assessment at each visit. Assistive devices and adaptations include mobility aids, eating tools, personal care tools, bathroom aids and devices, bedroom aids and devices, home adaptions, work environment adaptions, technology adaptions, sports and recreation adaptions, school adaptions and medical therapies for daily living. The mean of total number of assistive devices and adaptations for daily living being used is presented. The Inclusion Visit was the first study visit (Day 1) and first administration of palovarotene in this study. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected for specified categories at specified timepoints.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    53
    Units: number of aids
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=53)
    -0.7 ( 3.4 )
        Month 12 (n=51)
    1.1 ( 4.7 )
        Month 18 (n=46)
    1.4 ( 5.7 )
        Month 24 (n=23)
    1.2 ( 5.1 )
        Month 30 (n=6)
    2.8 ( 7.4 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percentage of Worst Score Using the Adult Form of the Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Physical Function Questionnaire (FOP-PFQ) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percentage of Worst Score Using the Adult Form of the Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Physical Function Questionnaire (FOP-PFQ) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    FOP-PFQ is disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure of physical impairment,includes 28 questions related to activities of daily living and physical performance scored on scale of 1 to 5 with lower scores indicating that participant has more difficulty completing those tasks.Total score,upper extremities subscore and mobility subscore is calculated as: total score:sum of scores from each question (range 28 to 140);upper extremities subscore: sum of scores from 15 questions (questions 1-12, 14, 25 and 26;range 15 to 75); mobility subscore:sum of scores from 13 questions (questions 13, 15-24, 27 and 28; range 13 to 65). Scores were transformed to reflect a percentage of worst score which ranged from 0-100% with 0% indicating best possible function and 100% (higher score) indicating worst possible function.Inclusion Visit was first study visit (Day 1) & first administration of palovarotene in this study.FAS/safety set. n=Participants with data collected for specified categories.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    54
    Units: percentage of score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6: total score (n=54)
    0.74 ( 6.37 )
        Month 12: total score (n=52)
    2.39 ( 10.21 )
        Month 18: total score (n=47)
    4.77 ( 12.39 )
        Month 24: total score (n=25)
    7.80 ( 15.15 )
        Month 30: total score (n=9)
    13.79 ( 21.98 )
        Month 6: upper extremity subscore (n=54)
    0.70 ( 6.87 )
        Month 12: upper extremity subscore (n=52)
    1.12 ( 8.52 )
        Month 18: upper extremity subscore (n=47)
    3.24 ( 11.28 )
        Month 24: upper extremity subscore (n=25)
    5.54 ( 12.42 )
        Month 30: upper extremity subscore (n=9)
    8.15 ( 11.50 )
        Month 6: mobility subscore (n=54)
    0.74 ( 9.15 )
        Month 12: mobility subscore (n=52)
    3.90 ( 14.98 )
        Month 18: mobility subscore (n=47)
    6.53 ( 17.45 )
        Month 24: mobility subscore (n=25)
    10.38 ( 23.08 )
        Month 30: mobility subscore (n=9)
    20.30 ( 36.44 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Annualized Rate of Healthcare Utilization (HU) in Participants With Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva

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    End point title
    Annualized Rate of Healthcare Utilization (HU) in Participants With Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva
    End point description
    Annualized HU rate was defined as the (number of HU during the study/duration of participant participation in the study in days) * 365.25. Annualized rate for total health care services utilized is presented. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Only those participants with data collected at specified timepoints are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Up to approximately 32 months
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    55
    Units: HU per participant year
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    21.7 ( 31.4 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percent Predicted Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percent Predicted Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    Lung function parameters including FVC were obtained by spirometry. The Inclusion Visit was the first study visit (Day 1) and first administration of palovarotene in this study. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected at specified categories at specified timepoints.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    38
    Units: percent predicted FVC
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=17)
    1.2 ( 5.5 )
        Month 12 (n=38)
    -0.7 ( 6.8 )
        Month 18 (n=16)
    -3.9 ( 9.8 )
        Month 24 (n=15)
    -1.6 ( 5.8 )
        Month 30 (n=4)
    -2.8 ( 3.8 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percent Predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percent Predicted Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second (FEV1) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    Lung function parameters including FEV1 were obtained by spirometry. The Inclusion Visit was the first study visit (Day 1) and first administration of palovarotene in this study. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected at specified categories at specified timepoints.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    38
    Units: percent predicted FEV1
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=17)
    1.8 ( 5.9 )
        Month 12 (n=38)
    -3.1 ( 9.6 )
        Month 18 (n=16)
    -5.3 ( 11.8 )
        Month 24 (n=15)
    -3.8 ( 6.6 )
        Month 30 (n=4)
    -10.0 ( 11.1 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Predicted FEV1/FVC Ratio at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Predicted FEV1/FVC Ratio at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    The ratio of FEV1 to FVC was calculated. Lung function parameters were obtained by spirometry. The Inclusion Visit was the first study visit (Day 1) and first administration of palovarotene in this study. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected at specified categories at specified timepoints.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    38
    Units: ratio
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=17)
    0.0163 ( 0.0574 )
        Month 12 (n=38)
    -0.0323 ( 0.1358 )
        Month 18 (n=16)
    -0.0137 ( 0.0888 )
        Month 24 (n=15)
    -0.0365 ( 0.0994 )
        Month 30 (n=4)
    -0.1268 ( 0.1564 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percent Predicted Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Percent Predicted Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    The DLCO test provides information on the efficiency of gas transfer from alveolar air into the bloodstream. The Inclusion Visit was the first study visit (Day 1) and first administration of palovarotene in this study. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected at specified categories at specified timepoints.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    36
    Units: percent predicted DLCO
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=14)
    -1.5 ( 7.9 )
        Month 12 (n=36)
    -5.3 ( 12.6 )
        Month 18 (n=14)
    -4.4 ( 16.5 )
        Month 24 (n=14)
    -4.8 ( 11.4 )
        Month 30 (n=3)
    -20.0 ( 20.3 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Change From the Inclusion Visit in Physical and Mental Function Using Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30

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    End point title
    Change From the Inclusion Visit in Physical and Mental Function Using Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale at Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point description
    The PROMIS Global Health Scale is a patient-reported outcome measure of physical and mental function. The adult form (developed for participants >=15 years old) was used for all participants, consists of 10 questions from which 2 scores are calculated: global physical health score (GPH) and global mental health (GMH) score, each ranging from 4 (worse health) to 20 (better health). GPH score: sum of scores from Questions 3, 6, 7 and 8 and GMH score: sum of scores from Questions 2, 4, 5 and 10.These scores were converted to a T-score whose distributions were standardized such that value of 50 represented average (mean) for the general population and increments of +/-10 points represented +/- 1 standard deviation away from the norm. Higher T-scores indicated better physical/mental health. T-score <50 indicated worse health than general population, while a T-score >50 indicated better health. The FAS/safety set. n=Only those participants with data collected are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Inclusion Visit (Day 1) and Months 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    54
    Units: T-score
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6: GPH (n=54)
    -0.6 ( 4.4 )
        Month 12: GPH (n=53)
    -1.7 ( 5.0 )
        Month 18: GPH (n=48)
    -2.9 ( 5.0 )
        Month 24: GPH (n=24)
    -1.9 ( 5.8 )
        Month 30: GPH (n=8)
    -3.9 ( 7.0 )
        Month 6: GMH (n=54)
    -1.0 ( 4.8 )
        Month 12: GMH (n=53)
    -1.5 ( 6.3 )
        Month 18: GMH (n=48)
    -2.3 ( 6.9 )
        Month 24: GMH (n=24)
    -2.2 ( 6.0 )
        Month 30: GMH (n=8)
    -5.7 ( 5.1 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants With Flare-ups and Flare-up Outcomes

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    End point title
    Number of Participants With Flare-ups and Flare-up Outcomes
    End point description
    Number of participants with at least 1 flare-up and intercurrent flare-ups since last visit is presented. Intercurrent flare-ups were defined as a new flare-up or marked worsening of the original flare up at any time during a flare-up-based treatment cycle. Outcome of flare-ups resulting in movement restriction and bone formations in participants is presented. Movement restriction includes categories like better, same, slightly worse, moderately worse and severely worse movement than before. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Months 6, 12, 18 and 24
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    59
    Units: participants
        Month 6: at least 1 flare up since last visit
    27
        Month 12: at least 1 flare up since last visit
    26
        Month 18: at least 1 flare up since last visit
    15
        Month 24: at least 1 flare up since last visit
    4
        Month 6: intercurrent flare-ups since last visit
    7
        Month 12: intercurrent flare-ups since last visit
    4
        Month 18: intercurrent flare-ups since last visit
    4
        Month 24: intercurrent flare-ups since last visit
    0
        Month 6: better movement
    0
        Month 6: same movement
    22
        Month 6: slightly worse movement
    7
        Month 6: moderately worse movement
    5
        Month 6: severely worse movement
    1
        Month 12: better movement
    1
        Month 12: same movement
    17
        Month 12: slightly worse movement
    10
        Month 12: moderately worse movement
    5
        Month 12: severely worse movement
    0
        Month 18: better movement
    0
        Month 18: same movement
    7
        Month 18: slightly worse movement
    7
        Month 18: moderately worse movement
    1
        Month 18: severely worse movement
    1
        Month 24: better movement
    0
        Month 24: same movement
    1
        Month 24: slightly worse movement
    3
        Month 24: moderately worse movement
    0
        Month 24: severely worse movement
    1
        Month 6: bone formation
    5
        Month 12: bone formation
    5
        Month 18: bone formation
    1
        Month 24: bone formation
    0
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Number of Participants With Flare-ups by Body Location

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    End point title
    Number of Participants With Flare-ups by Body Location
    End point description
    Number of participants with flare-ups by body locations including shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, ankle or foot, back, jaw and submandibular area and other (includes all other locations than mentioned) is presented. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Months 6, 12, 18 and 24
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    59
    Units: participants
        Month 6: shoulder
    8
        Month 6: elbow
    3
        Month 6: hip
    5
        Month 6: knee
    5
        Month 6: ankle or foot
    3
        Month 6: back
    4
        Month 6: jaw and submandibular area
    4
        Month 6: other
    14
        Month 12: shoulder
    4
        Month 12: elbow
    2
        Month 12: hip
    5
        Month 12: knee
    3
        Month 12: ankle or foot
    5
        Month 12: back
    2
        Month 12: jaw and submandibular area
    3
        Month 12: other
    12
        Month 18: shoulder
    4
        Month 18: elbow
    1
        Month 18: hip
    3
        Month 18: knee
    2
        Month 18: ankle or foot
    2
        Month 18: back
    1
        Month 18: jaw and submandibular area
    0
        Month 18: other
    8
        Month 24: shoulder
    1
        Month 24: elbow
    0
        Month 24: hip
    0
        Month 24: knee
    1
        Month 24: ankle or foot
    1
        Month 24: back
    0
        Month 24: jaw and submandibular area
    0
        Month 24: other
    2
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Duration of Flare-up at Months 6, 12, 18 and 24

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    End point title
    Duration of Flare-up at Months 6, 12, 18 and 24
    End point description
    Duration of flare-up was defined as (date of end of flare-up – date of start of flare-up + 1). The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study. Here, n=Only those participants with data collected at specified categories at specified timepoints are reported.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Months 6, 12, 18 and 24
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    27
    Units: days
    arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
        Month 6 (n=27)
    130.7 ( 153.3 )
        Month 12 (n=26)
    121.7 ( 102.7 )
        Month 18 (n=15)
    72.4 ( 42.6 )
        Month 24 (n=4)
    72.3 ( 53.9 )
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Secondary: Percentage of Participants With Extra Bone Growth at Months 6, 12, 18 and 24

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    End point title
    Percentage of Participants With Extra Bone Growth at Months 6, 12, 18 and 24
    End point description
    Percentage of participants with at least 1 extra bone growth associated or not with a flare-up since last visit is presented. The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study.
    End point type
    Secondary
    End point timeframe
    Months 6, 12, 18 and 24
    End point values
    Palovarotene
    Number of subjects analysed
    59
    Units: percentage of participants
    number (not applicable)
        Month 6: associated
    8.5
        Month 6: not associated
    3.4
        Month 12: associated
    8.5
        Month 12: not associated
    8.5
        Month 18: associated
    1.7
        Month 18: not associated
    3.4
        Month 24: associated
    0
        Month 24: not associated
    3.4
    No statistical analyses for this end point

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    Adverse events and deaths were collected from signing the informed consent form (Day 1) up to 30 days post last dose, approximately 32 months
    Adverse event reporting additional description
    The FAS/safety set included all participants who received at least 1 dose of palovarotene in this study.
    Assessment type
    Systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    27.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Palovarotene
    Reporting group description
    Participants continued to receive palovarotene 5 mg orally once daily until it was reimbursed in the country where the study was being conducted or another access program became available or until the study end date, whichever occurred first, up to approximately 32 months. In case of flare-up symptoms or substantial high risk traumatic events (likely to lead to a flare-up), participants received palovarotene 20 mg orally once daily for 4 weeks followed by 10 mg orally once daily for 8 weeks for a total of 12 weeks even if symptoms resolved earlier.

    Serious adverse events
    Palovarotene
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    9 / 59 (15.25%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    2
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    2
    Investigations
    SARS-CoV-2 test positive
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Fibula fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Humerus fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Tibia fracture
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Vascular disorders
    Lymphoedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Cardiac disorders
    Acute myocardial infarction
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Condition aggravated
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Acute pulmonary oedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Lung disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Callus formation delayed
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Infections and infestations
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Influenza
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Lower respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Pneumonia
         subjects affected / exposed
    2 / 59 (3.39%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 2
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    1 / 1
    Sepsis
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 59 (1.69%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 1
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Palovarotene
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    45 / 59 (76.27%)
    Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
    Extraskeletal ossification
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Fall
         subjects affected / exposed
    10 / 59 (16.95%)
         occurrences all number
    12
    Skin abrasion
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 59 (11.86%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Vascular disorders
    Lymphoedema
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 59 (8.47%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    General disorders and administration site conditions
    Oedema peripheral
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Immune system disorders
    Drug hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 59 (8.47%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Lip dry
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders
    Lung diffusion disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 59 (5.08%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
    Decubitus ulcer
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 59 (5.08%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Dry skin
         subjects affected / exposed
    14 / 59 (23.73%)
         occurrences all number
    16
    Eczema
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Erythema
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Pruritus
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 59 (8.47%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Rash
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    6
    Skin disorder
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 59 (5.08%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Skin exfoliation
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 59 (6.78%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
    Arthralgia
         subjects affected / exposed
    6 / 59 (10.17%)
         occurrences all number
    8
    Back pain
         subjects affected / exposed
    7 / 59 (11.86%)
         occurrences all number
    9
    Pain in extremity
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 59 (8.47%)
         occurrences all number
    7
    Infections and infestations
    COVID-19
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 59 (18.64%)
         occurrences all number
    11
    Localised infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 59 (5.08%)
         occurrences all number
    3
    Nasopharyngitis
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 59 (5.08%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    5 / 59 (8.47%)
         occurrences all number
    5
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Vitamin D deficiency
         subjects affected / exposed
    3 / 59 (5.08%)
         occurrences all number
    3

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    01 Oct 2021
    Clarified that some assessments performed at the parent EOS visit were also considered as the Inclusion Visit assessments for this study. Updated the maximum number of participants of parent studies who were eligible for this study. Introduced section 10.2.3 collection of pregnancy information. Added the correctly named Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) in place of the Data Safety Monitoring Board. Made minor corrections.
    28 Apr 2022
    Updated the exclusion criterion to reflect the new risk of ‘radiological vertebral fracture’. Added the spinal health assessment to the schedule of activities and a new section in the safety assessments section and added a preventive medication section to reflect the radiological vertebral fracture’ risk. Removed all references of the caregiver interview; interviews were only conducted for study participants. Clarified that the Inclusion and EOS/EW Visit could be performed remotely. Stated that the participant interviews were conducted within 1 year of the Inclusion Visit. Clarified that the interviews were conducted by the Principal investigator or qualified site staff and that participants continued to be treated with palovarotene in this trial until palovarotene was reimbursed, or another access program became available, or until the study end date of November 2024 was reached, whichever occurred first. Clarified that monthly pregnancy tests might be performed at home with the assistance of a study nurse or self-administered. Clarified the collection of FOP-PFQ and PROMIS questionnaire date for participants <15 years. Updated the number of IDMC meetings (from 2 to 3).

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    None reported
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