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    Clinical Trial Results:
    A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pimavanserin for the Treatment of Irritability Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder

    Summary
    EudraCT number
    2021-005387-22
    Trial protocol
    ES   FR   HU   PL   IT  
    Global end of trial date
    29 Aug 2024

    Results information
    Results version number
    v1(current)
    This version publication date
    10 Aug 2025
    First version publication date
    10 Aug 2025
    Other versions

    Trial information

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    Trial identification
    Sponsor protocol code
    ACP-103-069
    Additional study identifiers
    ISRCTN number
    -
    US NCT number
    NCT05523895
    WHO universal trial number (UTN)
    -
    Sponsors
    Sponsor organisation name
    ACADIA Pharmaceuticals Inc.
    Sponsor organisation address
    12830 El Camino Real, Suite 400, San Diego, United States, 92130
    Public contact
    Sr. Dir. Medical Information and Medical Communications, Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc., 001 8582612897, medicalinformation@acadia-pharm.com
    Scientific contact
    Sr. Dir. Medical Information and Medical Communications, Acadia Pharmaceuticals Inc., 001 8582612897, medicalinformation@acadia-pharm.com
    Paediatric regulatory details
    Is trial part of an agreed paediatric investigation plan (PIP)
    No
    Does article 45 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Does article 46 of REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 apply to this trial?
    No
    Results analysis stage
    Analysis stage
    Final
    Date of interim/final analysis
    29 Aug 2024
    Is this the analysis of the primary completion data?
    Yes
    Primary completion date
    29 Aug 2024
    Global end of trial reached?
    Yes
    Global end of trial date
    29 Aug 2024
    Was the trial ended prematurely?
    No
    General information about the trial
    Main objective of the trial
    To evaluate the efficacy of pimavanserin compared with placebo in the treatment of irritability associated with ASD in children and adolescents
    Protection of trial subjects
    Not applicable
    Background therapy
    No
    Evidence for comparator
    -
    Actual start date of recruitment
    16 May 2022
    Long term follow-up planned
    No
    Independent data monitoring committee (IDMC) involvement?
    Yes
    Population of trial subjects
    Number of subjects enrolled per country
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    France: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Spain: 5
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Hungary: 18
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Italy: 10
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    United States: 117
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Australia: 7
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Serbia: 11
    Country: Number of subjects enrolled
    Poland: 58
    Worldwide total number of subjects
    237
    EEA total number of subjects
    102
    Number of subjects enrolled per age group
    In utero
    0
    Preterm newborn - gestational age < 37 wk
    0
    Newborns (0-27 days)
    0
    Infants and toddlers (28 days-23 months)
    0
    Children (2-11 years)
    167
    Adolescents (12-17 years)
    70
    Adults (18-64 years)
    0
    From 65 to 84 years
    0
    85 years and over
    0

    Subject disposition

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    Recruitment
    Recruitment details
    -

    Pre-assignment
    Screening details
    During the screening period, patients were assessed for study eligibility, the ability to swallow a test capsule (i.e. placebo), and prohibited medications were discontinued if medically appropriate.

    Period 1
    Period 1 title
    Overall study (overall period)
    Is this the baseline period?
    Yes
    Allocation method
    Randomised - controlled
    Blinding used
    Double blind
    Roles blinded
    Subject, Investigator, Monitor, Data analyst, Carer, Assessor

    Arms
    Are arms mutually exclusive
    Yes

    Arm title
    Placebo
    Arm description
    Pimavanserin-matching placebo, given as 1 capsule once daily
    Arm type
    Placebo

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Placebo
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    1 capsule once daily

    Arm title
    Pimavanserin Low Dose
    Arm description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 10 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 20 mg/day
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Pimavanserin
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 10 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 20 mg/day

    Arm title
    Pimavanserin High Dose
    Arm description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 20 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 34 mg/day
    Arm type
    Experimental

    Investigational medicinal product name
    Pimavanserin
    Investigational medicinal product code
    Other name
    Pharmaceutical forms
    Capsule
    Routes of administration
    Oral use
    Dosage and administration details
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 20 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 34 mg/day

    Number of subjects in period 1
    Placebo Pimavanserin Low Dose Pimavanserin High Dose
    Started
    78
    78
    81
    Completed
    74
    67
    75
    Not completed
    4
    11
    6
         Consent withdrawn by subject
    1
    3
    1
         Adverse event, non-fatal
    2
    1
    1
         Noncompliance with study drug
    1
    1
    1
         Lost to follow-up
    -
    1
    2
         Not further specified
    -
    3
    1
         Protocol deviation
    -
    2
    -

    Baseline characteristics

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    Baseline characteristics reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin-matching placebo, given as 1 capsule once daily

    Reporting group title
    Pimavanserin Low Dose
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 10 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 20 mg/day

    Reporting group title
    Pimavanserin High Dose
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 20 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 34 mg/day

    Reporting group values
    Placebo Pimavanserin Low Dose Pimavanserin High Dose Total
    Number of subjects
    78 78 81 237
    Age categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Children (2-11 years)
    53 57 57 167
        Adolescents (12-17 years)
    25 21 24 70
    Age continuous
    Units: years
        arithmetic mean (standard deviation)
    9.8 ( 2.88 ) 9.8 ( 3.54 ) 9.8 ( 3.11 ) -
    Gender categorical
    Units: Subjects
        Female
    21 19 13 53
        Male
    57 59 68 184

    End points

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    End points reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin-matching placebo, given as 1 capsule once daily

    Reporting group title
    Pimavanserin Low Dose
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 10 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 20 mg/day

    Reporting group title
    Pimavanserin High Dose
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 20 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 34 mg/day

    Primary: Change From Baseline at Week 6 in Caregiver-rated Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) Irritability Subscale Score

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    End point title
    Change From Baseline at Week 6 in Caregiver-rated Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) Irritability Subscale Score
    End point description
    The Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) is a caregiver-rated scale comprised of 5 empirically-derived subscales encompassing 58 items that describe various behavior problems. It measures domains of irritability, lethargy/social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech. ABC-Irritability is one of the subscales and comprises of 15 items. Minimum score is 0, maximum is 45. A score for each item ranges from 0 indicating “not at all a problem” to 3 indicating “the problem is severe in degree”. Subscale scores are calculated by summing the items within that subscale. Higher scores indicate greater impairment.
    End point type
    Primary
    End point timeframe
    6 weeks
    End point values
    Placebo Pimavanserin Low Dose Pimavanserin High Dose
    Number of subjects analysed
    72
    64
    74
    Units: Score on a scale
        least squares mean (standard error)
    -9.6 ( 1.06 )
    -11.2 ( 1.09 )
    -11.2 ( 1.05 )
    Statistical analysis title
    Placebo vs Pimavanserin Low Dose
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v Pimavanserin Low Dose
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    136
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    superiority
    P-value
    = 0.2986
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -1.6
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -4.6
         upper limit
    1.6
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    1.52
    Statistical analysis title
    Placebo vs Pimavanserin High Dose
    Comparison groups
    Placebo v Pimavanserin High Dose
    Number of subjects included in analysis
    146
    Analysis specification
    Pre-specified
    Analysis type
    P-value
    = 0.2859
    Method
    Mixed models analysis
    Parameter type
    Mean difference (final values)
    Point estimate
    -1.6
    Confidence interval
         level
    95%
         sides
    2-sided
         lower limit
    -4.5
         upper limit
    1.3
    Variability estimate
    Standard error of the mean
    Dispersion value
    1.49

    Adverse events

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    Adverse events information
    Timeframe for reporting adverse events
    From screening to end of safety follow-up, which was to be performed at 10 weeks, i.e. 4 weeks after last dose of study drug.
    Assessment type
    Non-systematic
    Dictionary used for adverse event reporting
    Dictionary name
    MedDRA
    Dictionary version
    26.1
    Reporting groups
    Reporting group title
    Placebo
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin-matching placebo, given as 1 capsule once daily

    Reporting group title
    Pimavanserin Low Dose
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 10 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 20 mg/day

    Reporting group title
    Pimavanserin High Dose
    Reporting group description
    Pimavanserin given as 1 capsule once daily. Patients aged 5-12 years: 20 mg/day; patients aged 13-17 years: 34 mg/day

    Serious adverse events
    Placebo Pimavanserin Low Dose Pimavanserin High Dose
    Total subjects affected by serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 78 (1.28%)
    0 / 77 (0.00%)
    0 / 81 (0.00%)
         number of deaths (all causes)
    0
    0
    0
         number of deaths resulting from adverse events
    0
    0
    0
    Immune system disorders
    Hypersensitivity
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 78 (1.28%)
    0 / 77 (0.00%)
    0 / 81 (0.00%)
         occurrences causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
         deaths causally related to treatment / all
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    0 / 0
    Frequency threshold for reporting non-serious adverse events: 5%
    Non-serious adverse events
    Placebo Pimavanserin Low Dose Pimavanserin High Dose
    Total subjects affected by non serious adverse events
         subjects affected / exposed
    11 / 78 (14.10%)
    17 / 77 (22.08%)
    16 / 81 (19.75%)
    Nervous system disorders
    Headache
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 78 (5.13%)
    5 / 77 (6.49%)
    5 / 81 (6.17%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    5
    6
    Somnolence
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 78 (5.13%)
    2 / 77 (2.60%)
    4 / 81 (4.94%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    3
    4
    Gastrointestinal disorders
    Nausea
         subjects affected / exposed
    1 / 78 (1.28%)
    4 / 77 (5.19%)
    1 / 81 (1.23%)
         occurrences all number
    1
    6
    1
    Infections and infestations
    Upper respiratory tract infection
         subjects affected / exposed
    4 / 78 (5.13%)
    7 / 77 (9.09%)
    5 / 81 (6.17%)
         occurrences all number
    4
    7
    6
    Metabolism and nutrition disorders
    Decreased appetite
         subjects affected / exposed
    0 / 78 (0.00%)
    4 / 77 (5.19%)
    2 / 81 (2.47%)
         occurrences all number
    0
    4
    2

    More information

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    Substantial protocol amendments (globally)

    Were there any global substantial amendments to the protocol? Yes
    Date
    Amendment
    30 Apr 2021
    - Increased the sample size from approx. 300 patients screened/180 randomized to approx. 380 patients screened/ 228 randomized; increased the number of sites to 60. -Indicated that mild sedation was to only be used in exceptional circumstances and that involvement of experienced personnel in the conduction of routine procedures was strongly recommended - Indicated that the Investigator was solely responsible for final decisions concerning subject eligibility - Clarified language concerning sparse PK sampling, certain inclusion/ exclusion criteria, remote visits, patient discontinuation and withdrawal, and time period when medication prohibitions applied - Stipulated that prolactin results remained blinded to investigator and sponsor (but was monitored independently by the CRO) - Reduced the recallperiod for the Caregiver Strain Questionnaire consistent with the time frame of the study - Added COVID-19 vaccination history or occurrence to assessments - Added pregnancy test at Week 3 - Adjusted contraceptive language to make it appropriate for premenarchal subjects - Defined caregivers allowed to provide input for caregiver-facing scales, and indicated that caregivers were trained in accurate symptom reporting for the ABC, Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised, and CGSQ scales - Indicated that vital signs were optional at remote visits - Made the Week 4 visit an in-clinic visit with study drug dispensation - Added lorazepam as rescue medication
    03 Dec 2021
    - Indicated that height, weight, and BMI measurements were optional at remote visits - Indicated that it is the sponsor/Medical Monitor who decides whether a patient who had taken prohibited medication continues in the trial - Added informed consent of a non-parent/LAR caregiver to the inclusion criteria and clarified informed consent language - Indicated that every attempt will be made to recruit equal numbers of patients from both age groups - Clarified inclusion criterion #8 so that patients will be screenfailures instead of withdrawn from the study if their ABC-I score at baseline exceeds ≥20% improvement from tje screening value - Clarified language relating to prior antipsychotic treatment - Adjusted exclusion criterion #16 to include blood pressure limits appropriate for both age groups - Removed physical examination from unscheduled visits - Updated the list of prohibited medications
    25 Mar 2022
    - Specified that AEs of syncope and somnolence are actively monitored at each visit and that pertinent information was to be collected also as part of medical history - Adjusted exclusion criteria for blood pressure such that they were age-specific - Added stratification by geographic region (US versus rest of world) - Specified extension of the open-label extension study from 26 weeks to 52 weeks - Indicated that height should be measured using a stadiometer - Increased the frequency of ESRS-A assessments (to be conducted at all clinic visits) - Specified that all known potential class side effects of antipsychotics will be actively monitored - Added to the protocol appendix criteria for potentially clinically important laboratory values, ECG values, and vital signs - Specified that for patients reporting symptoms of orthostatic hypotension, this should be specifically measured - Specified that HbA1c was to be measured at all visits
    21 Dec 2022
    - Allowed inclusion of patients on stable doses of stimulants and non-stimulants targeting irritability into the study - Provided flexibility in the timing of screening assessments, use of local laboratories, remote assessments, and conduct of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised - Allowed for the capsule swallowing test to be passed either at screening or baseline - Adjusted the number of patients screened in the light of the higher-than-expected screen failure rate experienced in the study - Standardised washout periods to 5 half-lives or 2 weeks, whichever is longer - Removed the exclusion criterion regarding premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) - Updated the list of CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers as per the FDA website

    Interruptions (globally)

    Were there any global interruptions to the trial? No

    Limitations and caveats

    Limitations of the trial such as small numbers of subjects analysed or technical problems leading to unreliable data.
    Not applicable
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    The status and protocol content of GB trials is no longer updated since 1 January 2021. For the UK, as of 31 January 2021, EU Law applies only to the territory of Northern Ireland (NI) to the extent foreseen in the Protocol on Ireland/NI. Legal notice
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